The role of universities in regional economic development based on tourism in Lampung

This study aims to analyze the role of universities in economic development in the areas of tourism-based communities in Lampung. This study uses secondary data related to tourism, higher education, and macroeconomics of Lampung Province during the period of 2000-2016. The analysis is done by using panel regression method. The results show that Higher Education plays an enormous role in the economic development of the economy in the blood-based areas of tourism and which has tourism potential in Lampung. Most of the villagers who are in tertiary education but work in urban areas as a weakness of their contribution and domino effect on low investment, welfare, and lack of employment. This is why they are wandering to the big city. There is also a social gap which has significant economic disparities. They have access to education, health, and supporting infrastructure. In terms of the number of existing universities, it was found that they have not been able to optimally improve economic development in these areas

The Gravity Model of Indonesian Tourism Trade and Investment

This study aimed to determine the performance of tourism investment and trade in Indonesia following the outbreak of COVID-19 and other economic and non-economic factors. Goods and services for Indonesian tourism from 8 sample countries over 26 years were examined using a tourism economy approach and a gravity panel model of the flow of investment and trade. Regarding research originality, the model developed is constructing tourism economic theory applying the Keynesian method. The results showed that economic factors, such as GDP per capita, interest rates, exchange rates, prices, and economic distance, and non-economic factors, such as population, travel alerts, and pandemics, significantly affect investment flows and the tourism trade. Furthermore, tourism competitiveness increased globally in 2019. However, potential economic leakage in FDI and trade were identified. As a result, the government must emphasize long-term and efficient investment and trade in the tourism sector, particularly in the context of systemic shocks such as a pandemic.JEL Classification: C58, D58, Z32, Z38How to Cite:Singagerda, F. S., Desfiandi, A., & Marantika, E.R. (2023). The Gravity Model of Indonesian Tourism Trade and Investment. Etikonomi, 22(1), 143–154. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v22i1.25222

Building an Energy Consumption Model and Sustainable Economic Growth in Emerging Countries

The research objective is to develop a model of consumption energy, using a model of simultaneous equations with two-stage least square method and some of the assumptions that economic progress will have an impact on increasing energy consumption. The study found several macroeconomic factors such as energy prices, GDP, and exchange rates affecting the level of consumption energy. Whereas the increase in world oil prices and the reduction in the fuel subsidy budget by the government will have an impact on decreasing energy consumption in Indonesia. Forecasting analysis showed that overall energy consumption by all sectors tends to increase, except for biomass consumption by industry and total biomass consumption. In addition, it was also found that there was a small tendency for energy supply to offset the increase in energy consumption in the country. Keywords: Energy, Consumption, Supply JEL Classifications: E6, Q430, Q470, Q480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.735

World Oil Price Shocks in Macroeconomic ASEAN +3 Countries: Measurement of Risk Management and Decision-making a Linear Dynamic Panel Approach

The increase in oil prices in the 1970s has had a quite significant impact over the decades since the rise in inflation has had an impact on hyperinflation, recession, lowered productivity and economic growth. The World Bank (2021) forecasts that oil prices will exceed US$44 per barrel in 2021 and US$50 per barrel in 2022, while several factors affect the World Bank's projections, including the persistence of economic issues in the coming years. The purpose of this paper was to empirically assess the impact of oil prices on ASEAN+3 inflation and economic growth. The framework that can be applied to linear dynamic panel data to achieve this goal is the First Difference-Generalized Moment Method (FD-GMM) estimator method. This study used panel data representing ASEAN+3 countries and annual data over the period 2011-2020. The findings of the study indicated that, over the period, increasing oil prices were associated with higher inflation, and higher economic growth in ASEAN+3. Another result was that higher inflation is related to lower economic growth. Lower and higher economic growth was related to decreased inflation. High inflation creates high costs of economic development and social prosperity, therefore that policymakers are expected to adopt policies that are not only good for the short term, but also good for the long term to establish long-term prosperity and long-term price stability. In addition, a variety of non-economic variables that affect global market price volatility should also be considered to reduce potential market risks.Keywords: oil price shock, inflation, Production Growth, economic development, econometricsJEL Classifications: E31, E42, E63, F43, F62DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.11249</p

The Business Strategy and Supply Chain Management Performance in a Transitioning Economy

Abstract- In transitioning economy country, doing business in international environment is hard. One of sample is Enove as multinational company focused on energy sectors in Tunisia, whereas the country isfacing political instability, corruption, and emerging economy from arevolutionizing country. The options for them is to either relocate to anothercountry, and practically abandoning their current business or to stay in Tunisia, embracing all factors of advantage and disadvantage. The advantage for Enove inTunisia is that its labor is well trained and has low labor cost. The disadvantagesare that Tunisia’s government is filled with corruption. This study shows after analyzing the SWOT and PESTEL factors of both options, Enove is better off tostay in Tunisia. Enove can still thrive without engaging in corruption and do costcutting by not opening new manufacturing facility, but divide their inventories forboth foreign and domestic customers. Enove should also take the chance ofbecoming Tunisia’s pioneering producer and getting the first mover’s advantagethere

Price Determination Model of World Vegetable and Petroleum

The increasing as non-food uses of vegetable oils especially as biodiesel and the basis of the oleo-chemical industry, making the formation of vegetable oil prices in world trade has been linked to world prices of crude oil in addition to linkages with the world price of vegetable oils competitor. The objectives of study were to analyze the linkage of the world price of crude and vegetable oil simultaneously, and examine the impact of the changes of the external factors and trade policy by the vegetable oil's exporting countries and importing countries on the world trade of vegetable oils, and particularly the production, domestic supply, domestic consumption and exports volumes of Indonesian palm oil. The study employed an econometric model and parameters were estimated using Two Stage Least Squares methods for the period 1990-2017. The study found that real price projections in the world market of 2012-2025 periods show the price fluctuations of crude oil and vegetable oil tend to have same patterns with slightly trend to increases. Although positively correlated, the percentage increase of vegetable oils price as the effect of the increasing of crude oil price is less than the percentage change of crude oil prices, except for soybean oil prices that vista vies with the percentage change of crude oil prices. The effect on percentage change of price of soybean oils is the highest and then followed by palm oil. Beside the chemical characteristics, the condition related to the limited volumes of vegetable oils world's productions and the food sector needs as a main constraints in the use of vegetable oils as crude oil substitutes. As annual crop commodities and the substitutes of seed oils, however, palm oil price has more responsive to export fluctuation then it. Keywords: price formation, world trade, vegetable oil, petroleum JEL Classifications: D43, F15, Q41, Q42 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.791

Indonesia Growth of Economics and the Industrialization Biodiesel Based CPO

This study aimed to analyses the impact of palm oil-based biodiesel development on growth and poverty in Indonesia that combined with government policy using simultaneous equation econometric 2 SLS's models. The result shows that if the export tax, and government expenditure in industry increase; then domestic exchange rate (IDR) and interest rate decrease, those will give positive impact on economy growth and vice versa gives a negative impact to poverty. The simulation may apply to know the impact on economy growth, and poverty in Indonesia by the development. The study found that palm oil-based biodiesel development can create a growth and poverty in Indonesia and CPO biodiesel development can be synergized with the increasing export tax and government expenditure in industry, so growth and poverty-reducing in Indonesia will be better and qualify. However, government must maintain stability of exchange rate fluctuation because the impact can reduce CPO production industry. Keywords: Crude Palm Oil, Energy, Industry, Economic growth, Poverty JEL Classifications: E24, E27, C5, O3

ANALISIS ALIRAN INVESTASI DAN PERDAGANGAN PARIWISATA INDONESIA

Tourism is one of the most significant contributors to the construction sector in Indonesia, with the contribution around 13.9 percent of the total GDP in 2012. In connection with the government's efforts in improving the contribution of tourism in an effort to boost economic growth while improving the welfare of society, then the increase in tourism investment as focus in the development program, the goal for the activities can provide added value as well as lead to increased production that will be produced. If it is known that the average investment for the tourism sector is Rp. 2.73 billion during the period 2006-2012. This figure also shows that the contribution of tourism investment to total investment amounted to only 6 percent (Kemenpraf, 2012), in other words, an investment in the tourism sector has not been able to provide optimal contribution to the national economy development. Based on the fact that some of the problems arising from the government's efforts to boost trade and investment in the tourism sector continues to be done. The determinant factors of the amount of investment and trade from the Indonesian tourism and other countries to be considered and used as the basis of decision-making reference. Similarly, the amount of trade and investment flows to and from outside the State, are also worthy of consideration. To answer the problems, we use the gravity model as methodology and construvt the model of investment and trade of flows which consists of 5 models: the model of the flow of Indonesian tourism investment, exports of goods and services models Indonesian tourism, imports of goods and services model of tourism in Indonesia, Indonesian tourism demand flow model, and the model Indonesian tourism supply. Based on the results of the analysis using the five models were obtained magnitude of investment inflows to Indonesia influenced by the population of the country of origin of tourists and mileage of the country of origin of foreign tourists to Indonesia, where the influence of explanatory variables endogenous variables as a whole is at 0:42 at a significance level of 95 percent. The magnitude of the flow of goods and services exports of Indonesian tourism is affected by the distance variable, price of Indonesian tourism in the country of origin of tourists, exchange rate against foreign currencies origin of tourists, population, tourism and exports of the previous year are variables that significantly affect the confidence level of 95 percent, the magnitude of the effect was 92.7 percent and this shows considerable influence.In the model the flow of goods and services for Indonesian tourism, we use a variable distance, Indonesian GDP, the exchange rate, the price of Indonesian tourism in the countries of origin of tourists and imports of goods and services in the Indonesian tourism previously an influential variable significantly (at 90 percent confidence level), and in general of the statistical results obtained by the relationship between the value of imports of goods and services to the Indonesian tourism is the independent variable by 96 percent. In the model flow of Indonesian tourism demand, the estimation results indicate that the tourism demand variable by independent variables Indonesian GDP, GDP of the country of origin of tourists, tourism for Indonesia, Tourism for the competing countries of ASEAN countries, and tourism consumption by foreign tourists in Indonesia as significant variables in the real level of 0:05 with the magnitude of the effect is at 93.2 percent. Statistically, the result also define there is relationship between magnitude supply of Indonesian tourism deals with variable-GDP Indonesia, Indonesian tourism price, exchange rate, domestic consumption, and consumption in other countries as variables significant (at significance level 0.05) effect on variable deals with the influence of Indonesian tourism amounted to 95.6 percent and the remaining 4.4 percent are influenced by other factors outside of the study such as inflation, interest rates, and investment tourism

Project Supply Chain Strategizies: A step towards Building Option

Abstract— For organization, agencies and governments, the supply chain strategies of capital projects are the source of many challenges. For design, delivery and development as concern with time and money these kinds of projects require a design of resources and chains. This article looks at some of these themes and includes: the need for alignment between supply chain strategy and the project concept; dealing with complexity, in particular the systematic and interrelatedness within project decisions; consideration of the ambiguity implicit in all major projects. Basically it takes many years to design and delivery of a project. The final complete project expected to be useful for several years

Faurani Santi Singagerda's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity