Elazığ ve çevresindeki sismik aktivitelerin deprem parametreleri ilişkisinin incelenmesi

Çalışmada deprem parametreleri arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak incelenmiştir. Bu parametreler deprem odak derinlikleri, deprem dış merkezleri, deprem magnitüdleri ve depremler arası süre olarak belirlenmiştir. Uygulama alanı olarak merkezi Elazığ olan 100 km yarıçaplı alandaki depremler seçilmiştir. Veri seti olarak bu bölgede 1900 ile 2010 yılları arasında gerçekleşen depremler çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre depremlerin odak derinlikleri ile depremler arasındaki süre parametreleri arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Deprem odak derinliklerinin depremler arası süreleri etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.In this study, relationship of earthquake parameters were statistically analyzed. This parameters were determined as a hypocenter, epicenter, magnitude and times of between earthquakes. Radius 100 km from center of Elazig were determined as a application area. The data set, earthquakes in this area took place between 1900 and 2010 were included in the study. As a result, relationship of between earthquake hypocenter and times of between earthquakes were statistically found significant (p<0.05). Times of between earthquakes were affected by hypocenter

Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for- ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi- crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol- ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies. In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific areas of health biotechnology are discussed

Estimates of Earthquake with Markov models in the East Anatolian Fault Zone

Stochastic methods are often used for estimates of future for environmental events realized. Markov chains are one of these methods. Markov chains can applied to estimates of the earthquake but it provides only information about a single parameter. In this article, epicenter of may occurring earthquake were estimated on East Anatolian Fault Zone. Epicenter parameter and times of seismic inactivity were associated for estimates of earthquake. Probabilities were provided by Hidden Markov Model with forwards algorithm and these probabilities were converted to state sequence. Transition probabilities of this sequence were examined with Discrete Time Markov Chains. As a result new earthquake were expected in 4th state (Sincik- Lake Hazar ) with 0.73 probabilities. Results and method were discussed.Stokastik yöntemler sıklıkla geleceğe yönelik çevresel olayların gerçekleşme tahminleri için kullanılabilmektedir. Markov zincirleri bu yöntemlerden biridir. Markov zincirleri deprem tahminlerinde uygulanabilmektedir, fakat bu yöntem sadece bir parametreye ilişkin bilgi sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Doğu Anadolu Fay Zonu üzerinde gerçekleşecek depremin dış merkezi tahmin edilmiştir. Olasılıklar, saklı Markov modeli ve ileri algoritması ile elde edilmiştir. Bu olasılıklar durum zincirine dönüştürülmüştür. Geçiş olasılıkları, kesikli parametreli Markov zincirleri ile incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak yeni deprem 0.73 olasılıkla 4.durum olarak belirtilen Sincik- Hazar Gölü segmenti üzerinde gerçekleşebileceği tahmin edilmiştir. Sonuçlar ve metot tartışılmıştır

A Novel MDCM Approach for Sustainable Supplier Selection in Healthcare System in the Era of Logistics 4.0

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to major disruptions in workflows across all industries. All sectors are trying to sustain operations during this extremely difficult time and the healthcare sector is the most important of them. It is unthinkable to stop the operations of the health system because it serves human life. Health institutions must supply the products such as masks, gloves, and ventilators subject to service on time for certain activities to continue indefinitely under all conditions. By adopting modern logistics activities and technologies, healthcare organizations can provide sustainable diagnosis and treatments to patients by automating their various operations. With the COVID-19 pandemic, how to select an appropriate sustainable supplier has become an important task in the era of Logistics 4.0. From this viewpoint, a sustainable supplier selection framework is implemented for a health institution under the effect of the pandemic. To determine the direct effects of the pandemic in the health sector, fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods are utilized in the application. After a thorough review of the literature and interviews with experts, the criteria are organized in a comprehensive hierarchical structure. The fuzzy Best-Worst Method (F-BWM) technique is employed to find the weights for the determined criteria. Consequently, the fuzzy Additive Ratio Assessment Method (F-ARAS) method was applied to rank the alternative suppliers. In addition, with a comprehensive sensitivity analysis, alternative situations are examined against possible breaks in the supply chain. Thus, from the perspective of Logistics 4.0 and sustainability, this study contributes to the literature with an analysis of the health system’s survival in difficult and fragile periods, such as COVID-19. Investigating the importance of SSS can be a road map for the policymakers and the decision-makers is beneficial since the impact of COVID-19 on SSS is studied from the perspective of Logistics 4.0

Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Kidneys with Obstructive Uropathy: Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Etiology

Purpose. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the capability of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in differentiation between benign and malignant etiology of obstructive uropathy. Materials and Methods. DWI was performed in 41 patients with hydronephrotic kidneys and 26 healthy volunteers. MR imaging was performed using a 1.5 T whole-body superconducting MR scanner. The signal intensities of the renal parenchyma on DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were noted. DWI was performed with the following diffusion gradient b values: 100, 600, and 1000 s/mm2. A large circular region of interest was placed in the corticomedullary junction of the kidneys. For statistical analysis, the independent-samples t test was used. Results. The mean renal ADC values for b100, b600, and b1000 in hydronephrosis patients with benign and malignant etiology and the healthy volunteers of the control group were analysed. ADC measurements of renal parenchyma in all hydronephrotic kidneys with benign and malignant etiology were found to be statistically low compared to those of normal kidneys P<0.05. Conclusions. There were significant differences in the ADC values of obstructed kidneys compared to those of normal kidneys. Obstructed kidneys with malignant etiology had lower ADC values for b1000 compared to obstructed kidneys with benign etiology, but these alterations were statistically insignificant

Radiosensitivity of glioblastoma multiforme and astrocytic cell lines in cell signalling aspects

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the radiosensitivity of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM; U87 MG) and astrocyte (SVG p12) cell lines in vitro through the signalling pathways. Methods: GBM and astrocytes were treated with 2, 4, 6, and 8 gray of ionized radiation, followed by a clonogenic assay. The effective dose of radiation was determined as 2 gray. Immunofluorescence technics selected to analyse the macrophage migration inhibiting factor (MIF), nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 2 (NFATc2), osteopontin (OPN), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1). Additionally, p53 and cell cycle assays were performed. Results: On day 1, astrocytes showed decreased expression of MIF, OPN and mTOR and increased expression of SSEA-1 in the test group after 2 gray radiation. GBM showed decreased expression of p53 and mTOR, but increased expression of NFATc2. The results of MIF expression were found higher in GBM compared to astrocytes on day 1. Interestingly, on day 12, increased expression of SSEA-1, OPN and p53 were observed in both cell lines’ test groups. Further analysis showed that all control groups of GBM and astrocytes were significantly accumulated in the S phase. After radiotherapy application, percentage of GBM in G0/G1 phases and especially in G2/M phases increased; conversely, in the S phase it decreased. Moreover, percentage of astrocytes increased in the S phase and decreased in G0/G1 phases and in G2/M phases. Conclusions: This combination of findings suggests that as a result of the radiotherapy effect, GBM started to accumulate on check points. The central question in this study focused on changes in molecular protein expression in cancer cells after radiotherapy, particularly key signalling pathways of tumorigenesis and a new possible point of view for treating such diseases

Lower than Normal Mean Platelet Volume is Associated with Reduced Extent of Coronary Artery Disease

FUNDAMENTO: A extensão da doença arterial coronariana aterosclerótica em pacientes com angina estável tem importantes implicações prognósticas e terapêuticas. Em modelos atuais de evolução de placas, os trombócitos desempenham um papel importante no crescimento de placas. O volume plaquetário médio é um marcador facilmente determinado, com evidência de correlação com a agregabilidade plaquetária in vitro, além de valores comprovadamente maiores após eventos vasculares agudos. OBJETIVO: No presente estudo, investigou-se a relação entre o volume plaquetário médio e a extensão angiográfica da doença arterial coronariana em pacientes com angina estável. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados prontuários, hemograma completo e dados angiográficos anteriores de 267 pacientes elegíveis com angina estável. A extensão angiográfica da doença arterial coronariana foi avaliada à luz de dados angiográficos, com o uso por um especialista do escore de Gensini em uma cardiologia invasiva. Os valores para o volume plaquetário médio foram obtidos a partir de hemogramas completos, obtidos um dia antes da angiografia. Com relação ao intervalo populacional para o volume plaquetário médio, os pacientes foram agrupados dentro (n = 176) e abaixo (n = 62) do referido intervalo. Foi realizada uma comparação entre grupos e uma análise correlacional. RESULTADOS: Não houve correlação linear entre o escore de Gensini total e o volume plaquetário médio (p = 0,29), ao passo que a contagem total de trombócitos apresentou correlação inversa com o volume plaquetário médio (p < 0,001, r = 0,41). Os pacientes com volume plaquetário médio abaixo do normal apresentaram um escore de Gensini (36,73 ± 32,5 vs. 45,63 ± 32,63; p = 0,023) e doença coronariana triarterial (18% VS. 36%; p = 0,007) significativamente inferiores se comparados com aqueles apresentando valores de volume plaquetário médio dentro dos intervalos populacionais. CONCLUSÃO: Nossas constatações não demonstraram nenhuma relação linear entre o volume plaquetário médio e a extensão da doença arterial coronariana, ao passo que os pacientes com volume plaquetário médio abaixo do normal apresentaram uma extensão reduzida da doença arterial coronariana