Impact of supplementation with beetroot juice (Beta vulgaris L) on levels of malondialdehyde and antioxidant status in athletes

Strenuous physical activity can increase lipid peroxidation, which is characterized by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of antioxidants. It can drop the athlete's performance and health. It is possible to avoid or reduce lipid peroxidation through supplementation with antioxidants. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L) produces different forms of natural antioxidants; however, its effectiveness still needs to be investigated. This research aimed to determine the impact of beetroot juice on the malondialdehyde concentration and antioxidant status during strenuous physical activity. The research used experimental (pre-test-post-test) using a control group. The researchers divided a total of 30 students who met the criteria into two groups (Experiment; n = 15; control; n = 15). The experimental group drank 250 mL of the juice 1 hour before training for four weeks. After the strenuous physical activity was carried out with a beep test, the researchers also checked the concentrations of MDA, TAC, and VO2max. The findings indicated a decrease in MDA concentration and an increase in TAC and VO2max to the training group that received 250 ml beet juice (p <0.05). The research concluded that beetroot juice administration during exercise could reduce malondialdehyde concentration and increase total antioxidant capacity and VO2max in athletes

The Effect of Mangosteen Rind Extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) Toward Stress Oxidative Parameter, Leukocytes, Leukocytes Type Counts on Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with Excessive Physical Activity

BACKGROUND: Excessive and heavy physical activity could lead to the oxidative stress in the body. This condition can affect several blood parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), leukocytes, and its type counts. One way to overcome the effects of oxidative stress due to strenuous physical activity is by giving natural antioxidants. Mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana L.) contains considerable antioxidants, namely, xanthones and procyanidin. AIM: This research aimed to investigate the effect of mangosteen rind extract (MRE) on oxidative stress parameters, leukocyte count, and leukocyte count in male rats (Rattus norvegicus) that received excessive physical activity. METHODS: This study was purely experimental research with a post-test only control group design, using 29 white rats (R. norvegicus) as experimental animals, which were divided into four groups. The first group (P1) received distilled water and the other group received MRE at a dose of 50 mg/KgBW (Body Weight) (P2), 100 mg/KgBW (P3), and 200 mg/KgBW (P4) for 3 weeks, respectively. Swimming as a physical activity was carried out 3 times a week in all groups. Examination of leukocyte count and species was carried out on the last day of treatment after the rats swam to fatigue. RESULTS: MDA levels did not decrease significantly while GPx activity increased significantly. Moreover, the average leukocytes and lymphocytes showed a decrease but not significant. A significant decrease in the percentage of neutrophils and basophils was obtained by P4 group compared to others. In addition, a significant decrease in the average percentage of eosinophils for P3 and P4 groups was obtained. Furthermore, P3 and P4 group exhibit significant increase of the average percentage of monocytes. CONCLUSION: MRE as an antioxidant affects the levels of neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes but not in MDA, GPx, leukocytes, and lymphocytes

Effects of Red Fruit (Pandanus Conoideus Lam) Oil on Exercise Endurance and Oxidative Stress in Rats at Maximal Physical Activity

BACKGROUND: Living cells continuously produce free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a part of metabolic processes. These free radicals are neutralized by an antioxidant defense system. Maximal physical activity can produce an imbalance between ROS and antioxidants and thus may cause oxidative stress, which is possibly related to fatigue and tissue injury. Red fruit oil contains high beta-carotene and tocopherol as antioxidants which could overcome oxidative stress condition. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of red fruit oil on exercise endurance and oxidative stress in rats at a maximal physical activity. METHODS: Twenty-four male rats were divided into four groups. The control group (I) was administered with 1.5 ml distilled water, intervention groups (II), (III), and (IV) were administered with different doses of red fruit oil (0.15 ml/kgBW, 0.3 ml/kgBW, and 0.6 ml/kgBW, respectively). All groups were trained to swim for 4 weeks and then were forced to swim without a load until being exhausted. The malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, and time of swimming to exhaustion were measured in all groups. RESULT: The results showed that MDA level obtained was decreasing significantly (p < 0.05), GPx and time of swimming were increasing significantly (p < 0.05) in the intervention groups. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that red fruit oil can obviously reduce MDA level, increased GPx, and endurance and delay fatigue induced by maximal physical activity in the rat

Effect of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Extract on Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Activities in Hepatic House Mice (Mus musculus) After Maximum Physical Exercise

Background: Physical exercise can improve antioxidant defense system of organis. But long and heavy exercise can disrupt the balance of oxidant-antioxidant. Low glutathione peroxidase is associated with free radicals. Plant purple sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) contain anthocyanins high enough that act as antioxidants. This stu­dy aimed to determine the effect of extracts of tubers of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) on the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) liver of mice (Mus Musculus) treated with maximal physical exercise.Subjects and Method: This was a true experimental study. This conducted with the design of the control group post-test only in vivo on 24 white male mice (Mus musculus), DD Webster strain. Da­ta analysis was using SPSS software 19. Statistical testing decision taken 5% significance level (p=0.05). Results: The results showed that the average enzyme activity of GPx in the P5 is the highest enzyme activity GPx (mean=19:39 ± SD=7:06, p=0.024), which means there are significant differ­rences in the enzyme activity of GPx values between groups.Conclusion: This study showed that the extract could increase the activity of GPx hepatic enzyme­es mice significantly.Keywords: physical exercise maximum, free radicals, purple sweet potato, anthocyanin, GPxCorrespondence: Ayu Elvana. School of Health Sciences (STIKes) Siti Hajar, Medan, Indonesia.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(2): 116-120https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.02.0

Impact of supplementation with beetroot juice (Beta vulgaris L) on levels of malondialdehyde and antioxidant status in athletes

Strenuous physical activity can increase lipid peroxidation, which is characterized by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of antioxidants. It can drop the athlete's performance and health. It is possible to avoid or reduce lipid peroxidation through supplementation with antioxidants. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L) produces different forms of natural antioxidants; however, its effectiveness still needs to be investigated. This research aimed to determine the impact of beetroot juice on the malondialdehyde concentration and antioxidant status during strenuous physical activity. The research used experimental (pre-test-post-test) using a control group. The researchers divided a total of 30 students who met the criteria into two groups (Experiment; n = 15; control; n = 15). The experimental group drank 250 mL of the juice 1 hour before training for four weeks. After the strenuous physical activity was carried out with a beep test, the researchers also checked the concentrations of MDA, TAC, and VO2max. The findings indicated a decrease in MDA concentration and an increase in TAC and VO2max to the training group that received 250 ml beet juice (p <0.05). The research concluded that beetroot juice administration during exercise could reduce malondialdehyde concentration and increase total antioxidant capacity and VO2max in athletes

Effect of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Extract on Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Activities in Hepatic House Mice (Mus musculus) After Maximum Physical Exercise

Background: Physical exercise can improve antioxidant defense system of organis. But long and heavy exercise can disrupt the balance of oxidant-antioxidant. Low glutathione peroxidase is associated with free radicals. Plant purple sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) contain anthocyanins high enough that act as antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the effect of extracts of tubers of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) on the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) liver of mice (Mus Musculus) treated with maximal physical exercise. Subjects and Method: This was a true experimental study. This conducted with the design of the control group post-test only in vivo on 24 white male mice (Mus musculus), DD Webster strain. Data analysis was using SPSS software 19. Statistical testing decision taken 5% significance level (p=0.05). Results: The results showed that the average enzyme activity of GPx in the P5 is the highest enzyme activity GPx (mean=19:39 ± SD=7:06, p=0.024), which means there are significant differrences in the enzyme activity of GPx values between groups. Conclusion: This study showed that the extract could increase the activity of GPx hepatic enzymees mice significantly. Keywords: physical exercise maximum, free radicals, purple sweet potato, anthocyanin, GPx Correspondence: Ayu Elvana. School of Health Sciences (STIKes) Siti Hajar, Medan, Indonesi

Effect of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) on Reducing Renal Tissue Damage of House Mice (Mus Musculus L.) After Excessive Physical Exercise

Background: Heavy physical exercise can reduce blood flow and metabolism in kidney that eventually release free radicals. The free radicals can form oxydative stress and damage renal tissue. Exogenous antioxydant administration is usually recommended to minimize the renal tissue damage. This study aimed to examined the effect of purple sweet potato (Ipomoiea batatas L.) extract on renal tissue damage in mice (mus musculus L.) after heavy physical exercise. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial with post test only control design. The study subjects included twenty four male white mice with DD Webster strain. These mice were divided into six groups. After undergoing excessive swimming exercises that lasted forteen days, purple sweet potato extract was given to the experimental group. There were three experimental groups receiving three different doses of purple sweet potato. The mice kidney was taken as sample for microscopic examination to determine the extent of tissue damage. Difference in renal tissue damage was tested by Kruskal-Wallis. Results: Microscopic examination showed statistically significant difference in tissue damage both in right (p=0.001) and left (p=0.036) kidneys, between study groups. The experimental groups showed less damaged than control group. Conclusion: Purple sweet potato (Ipomoiea batatas L) can lessen renal damage in male white mice (Mus musculus L) undergoing excessive physical exercise. Keywords: purple sweet potato (Ipomoiea batatas L), renal tissue damage mice Corespondance: Rika Nailuvar Sinaga. Faculty of Sport Science, Medan University. Email: [email protected]