Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Local and Imported Citrus

Indonesia horticultural product has experienced major implication from global free trade. Quantity of imported fruits was increased rapidly during the last ten years under implication of free trade. In spite implies market positively by boosting consumption and market growth, imports also implies increasing competition between imported and local fruit. Increase of imports has significantly affect production by decreasing number of certain scale of farm whose growth local product. It is important measuring whether the market and costumer response due the competition between locally grown and imported fruits.  The study intended to (1) examined the difference of demands between local citrus and imported one. (2) measured demographic factors that influence costumer choice to buy local or imported citrus,  and (3) examined product attributes that influence consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for local and imported citrus. The study was conducted in Malang district, East Java, Indonesia.  Respondents were determined by purposive quota sampling method. WTP data was collected refer to modified “Vickrey Auction” principles. Binary Logit Regression and Ordinary Least Square analysis have been employed respectively to measure demographic factor that influenced costumer decision and examine the product attributes related to costumer WTP.   The study has revealed that there were a different demand curve pattern and different own price elasticity between locally grown and imported citrus.  Higher Income, higher number of dependant and younger costumer has driven higher probability on consuming imported citrus. This research also shown that color, safety, healthy and packaging significantly affect costumer willingness to pay for imported citrus, while taste and safety was significant for local citrus. The findings indicated that in certain market, consumer would pay higher price to afford imported citrus, which placed locally grown citrus in the high competition. Higher incomes will increase imported citrus consumption. Meanwhile, color and packaging are factors that must be considered by citrus local grower to win the competition. Keywords: import; demand; locally grown; competition; willingness to pay; citrus

IMPACTS OF RISING STRATEGIC FOOD PRICES ON POVERTY IN INDONESIA

Poverty has existed for many years, and will always exist in a large number of countries, so poverty alleviation targets are a challenge for most countries. The main objective of this research is to analyze the impact of strategic food price increases on poverty with a systematic measure. The study uses SUSENAS (Indonesian National Socioeconomic Survey) raw data. The total data used is 287,830 households. consisting of 166,019 rural households and 121,811 urban households. The impact of price changes on poverty can be seen by using The HeadCount Ratio, The Poverty Gap Ratio, The Sen Index, and The Foster-Greer and Thorbecke Index. The analysis showed rice is a strategic food whose price increase has the biggest impact on increasing poverty, so it needs government efforts to reduce the rate of increase in rice prices if it wants to reduce poverty

PREFERENSI KONSUMEN LAYANAN SAYUR ONLINE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN KONSUMEN RUMAHAN DAY DAY FRESH

Day Day Fresh (DDF) is an online vegetable and fruit supply company that serves business consumers (B2B) and household consumers (B2C). Their sales growth to business consumers (B2B) has increased, but sales to household consumers (B2C) are still small and stagnant due to the difficulty of entering the home market segment. Therefore, it is important to know the preferences of online vegetable service consumers to increase sales of Day Day Fresh home consumers. Data collection uses a questionnaire and is given online via WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook and Telegram. This research used non-probability sampling techniques with 300 respondents. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis methods using Microsoft Excel. Based on the research result, it can be concluded Product variety is a very important factor for vegetable consumers in making purchases, where the freshness aspect is the most important in product quality. Price information is also a very important factor for consumers in purchasing decisions. The promotional aspect that most influences consumer purchasing decisions is ease of ordering and complaint service. In the location aspect, WhatsApp is the most preferred medium for consumers to purchase vegetables online. Key words:  costumer preference, place, price, product, promotionINTISARIDay Day Fresh (DDF) adalah perusahaan penyediaan sayur dan buah online yang melayani konsumen bisnis (B2B) dan konsumen rumah tangga (B2C). Pertumbuhan penjualan Day Day Fresh pada konsumen bisnis (B2B) mengalami peningkatan, namun penjualan pada konsumen rumah tangga (B2C) masih sedikit dan stagnan karena sulitnya memasuki segmen pasar rumahan. Sehingga penting untuk diketahui preferensi konsumen layanan sayur online untuk meningkatkan penjualan konsumen rumahan Day Day Fresh agar produk yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan keinginan konsumen.  Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Medan pada Agustus hingga Oktober 2022. Jenis penelitian adalah marketing research. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan diberikan secara online dengan bantuan aplikasi whatsapp, instagram, facebook dan telegram. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan responden sebanyak 300 orang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode analisis deskriptif menggunakan Microsoft Excel.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi produk merupakan faktor yang sangat penting bagi konsumen sayuran dalam melakukan pembelian, dimana aspek kesegaran paling penting dalam kualitas produk. Informasi harga juga menjadi faktor yang sangat penting bagi konsumen dalam memutuskan pembelian. Aspek promosi yang paling mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian bagi konsumen adalah kemudahan dalam pemesanan dan layanan komplain. Pada aspek tempat, whatsapp menjadi media yang paling disukai konsumen untuk melakukan pembelian sayur online. Key words: harga, preferensi konsumen, produk, promosi, tempa