Design methodologies for automotive steel wheels

L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

A model for pion collinear parton distribution function and form factor

We developed a model for the pion light-front wave function (LFWF) that incorporates valence, sea and gluon degrees of freedom. Using the LFWF overlap representation, we derived parametrizations for the pion parton distribution functions and the electromagnetic form factor. These parametrizations depend on two distinct sets of parameters, enabling separate fits of the longitudinal- and transverse-momentum dependencies of the LFWF. The pion PDFs are extracted from available Drell-Yan and photon-production data using the xFitter framework and are found well compatible with existing extractions. Furthermore, the fit of the electromagnetic form factor of the pion to all the available experimental data works quite successfully.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures. Contribution presented at DIS202

La restauration de films : une histoire (post-)moderne

Le domaine de la préservation des films se situe aujourd’hui au cœur d’une problématique visant à comprendre et à maîtriser la transition en cours. La restauration de films ne s’est en effet rapprochée que récemment des pratiques de conservation. Dans les années 1980, on s’est ainsi efforcé d’analyser les changements intervenus au niveau du médium lui-même, mais aussi au niveau culturel et symbolique, et les années 1990 ont constitué l’apogée de la réflexion théorique et méthodologique sur la restauration cinématographique. La transition vers le numérique, en revanche, n’a pas provoqué d’évolution significative de la réflexion, mais elle a détourné l’attention vers d’autres aspects de la question. On s’est alors moins intéressé aux méthodologies de restauration qu’aux stratégies de gestion, de diffusion et de présentation. On a aujourd’hui la confirmation que le film constitue une entité ambiguë et ambivalente : d’un côté, il est un bien culturel ; de l’autre, il s’impose comme un élément central des services et des produits offerts par les archives en leur qualité d’entreprises culturelles. De la restauration au sens « noble » du terme, on a abouti, d’un côté, à une approche centrée sur les produits ou assets, et à une gestion de type économique, de l’autre côté, à une approche qui favorise la muséification et soulève des problèmes de conservation. Les relations paradoxales et dialectiques entre la conservation et l’exposition, entre un accès actif ou passif, ne s’épuisent, ne se résolvent et ne se recomposent jamais définitivement ; elles apparaissent au contraire plus que jamais comme le moteur même du système.Film preservation is now central to a debate that seeks to understand the transition taking place. Film restoration, in fact, only recently converged with conservation practices. In the 1980s, it became a sector in which researchers sought to analyse the changes that had occurred in media arts, culture and symbolism, whereas in the 1990s theoretical and methodological reflection on film restoration reached its apogee. The transition to digitization has not shifted the emphasis in this way of thinking significantly, but it has diverted attention to other aspects of the question. The focus of interest is less on restoration methodologies than management, distribution and display strategies.Film today constitutes an ambiguous, ambivalent entity: on the one hand, it is a cultural asset; on the other, it is proving to be central feature of the services and products proposed by film archives in their role as cultural enterprises. Film restoration began as a “noble” undertaking, yet today it is twofold: not only do assets and products hold sway, in line with economic management principles, but museum trends, in line with conservation objectives, are also uppermost. The aporiae and dialectics of conservation and exhibition practices, of active and passive accessibility, are never completely exhausted, resolved or reformulated; on the contrary, they increasingly appear to act as the vital driving force behind the system

Análise multicritério aplicada à tomada de decisão de investimento em geração elétrica no ambiente de contratação regulado

No Brasil, parte da energia elétrica produzida é negociada no ambiente de contratação regulado, por meio de processo licitatório na modalidade de leilão, o que garante o fornecimento a longo prazo e a segurança energética do país. A decisão de em qual fonte de geração investir nesse ambiente é complexa e envolve critérios qualitativos e quantitativos. O processo analítico hierárquico - AHP é um método que auxilia na tomada de decisão em problemas complexos com critérios conflitantes e subjetivos. Neste trabalho as alternativas de fontes de geração de energia elétrica negociadas em leilões são organizadas em uma estrutura hierárquica. A estrutura é formada por quatro critérios: preço de venda da energia, despesas de capital - CAPEX, despesas de operação - OPEX e vulnerabilidade ambiental; aplicados as seis alternativas: geração hidrelétrica, eólica, fotovoltaica, termelétrica a biomassa (bagaço de cana), termelétrica a gás natural e termelétrica a carvão. A estrutura é ponderada por especialistas de mercado, de órgãos governamentais e por pesquisadores da área. As informações coletadas por meio do instrumento de pesquisa são compiladas na matriz de decisão que relaciona os pesos de cada critério e o desempenho de cada alternativa. A matriz de decisão fornece o vetor de decisão com o grau de importância de cada alternativa analisada. O resultado obtido indica que a fonte de geração fotovoltaica tem importância de 18,03% da atratividade para investimento, seguida da térmica a gás natural com 16,18%. As fontes de geração térmica a biomassa, eólica e hidrelétrica obtiveram importância de 15,41%, 14,56% e 14,05%, respectivamente. Por fim, a térmica a carvão com 13,63%. Com a análise de conteúdo foi possível identificar fatores que impactam a decisão do investimento em determinada fonte de energia. As variáveis emergentes da análise de conteúdo foram agrupadas nas dimensões regulatória, econômica, ambiental e técnica.In Brazil, part of the electric energy produced is traded in the Regulated Contracting Environment - ACR, through a bidding process in the auction mode of sale of energy, which guarantees the long-term supply and energy security of the country. The choice of the production source to invest in this environment is complex and implies quality and quantity criteria. The Hierarchical Analytical Process - AHP is a multi-criteria decision-making method based on pair-wise comparisons that helps make decisions on complex problems involving conflicting and subjective criteria. In this work, the alternatives sources of electricity generation negotiated by auction are organized in a hierarchical structure. A hierarchical structure was structured, grouping four criteria: energy selling price, capital expenditure - CAPEX, operational expenditure - OPEX and environmental vulnerability and for six alternatives: hydroelectric power plant, wind power, photovoltaic power, biomass power (sugarcane bagasse), natural gas thermoelectric plant and coal-fired power plant. The structure is judgments by market specialists, government agencies and researchers in the area. The information collected through the research instrument is compiled in the decision matrix that lists the weights of each criterion and the performance of each alternative. The decision matrix provides the decision vector with the weights of importance of each alternative analyzed. The result obtained indicates that the source of photovoltaic power has importance of 18.03% of the attractiveness for investment, followed by the natural gas thermoelectric plant with 16.18%. The sources of thermal generation using biomass power, wind power and hydroelectric had importance of 15.41%, 14.56%, and 14.05%, respectively. Finally, the coal-fired power plant with 13.63%. The content analysis made it possible to identify factors that impact the decision to invest in an energy source. The variables emerging from the content analysis were grouped in the regulatory, economic, environmental, and technical dimensions

Experimental Detection of Nonlinear Dynamics Using a Laser Profilometer

This paper investigates a cantilever beam nonlinear dynamic behaviour, on which the nonlinearity is introduced with permanent magnet interactions or with a non-holonomic contact. The experimental time domain responses obtained from non-zero initial conditions are measured using a laser profilometer, conventionally adopted for product shape detections in online industrial applications. The Fourier transform, Continuous Wavelet transform, and Hilbert transform are used to investigate nonlinear phenomena in the frequency content, highlighting advantages and drawbacks of the three methods in catching instantaneous phenomena. Then, a Multi-Phi approach is proposed to describe the time evolution of nonlinear systems by means of a discrete number of linearised systems. Therefore, two linearised models have been developed and tuned to describe the dynamic behaviour of different Euler–Bernoulli cantilever beam configurations. The experimental data of nonlinear systems are compared with the corresponding ones of the linear system to evaluate the effects of introduced nonlinearities on the overall dynamic properties

Use of aromatase inhibitors to treat endometriosis-related pain symptoms: a systematic review

This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) in treating pain symptoms caused by endometriosis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all the published studies evaluating the efficacy of type II nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole and letrozole) in treating endometriosis-related pain symptoms. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and SCOPUS databases and the Cochrane System Reviews were searched up to October 2010. This review comprises of the results of 10 publications fitting the inclusion criteria; these studies included a total of 251 women. Five studies were prospective non-comparative, four were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one was a prospective patient preference trial. Seven studies examined the efficacy of AIs in improving endometriosis-related pain symptoms, whilst three RCTs investigated the use of AIs as post-operative therapy in preventing the recurrence of pain symptoms after surgery for endometriosis. All the observational studies demonstrated that AIs combined with either progestogens or oral contraceptive pill reduce the severity of pain symptoms and improve quality of life. One patient preference study demonstrated that letrozole combined with norethisterone acetate is more effective in reducing pain and deep dyspareunia than norethisterone acetate alone. However, letrozole causes a higher incidence of adverse effects and does not improve patients' satisfaction or influence recurrence of symptoms after discontinuation of treatment. A RCT showed that combining letrozole with norethisterone acetate causes a lower incidence of adverse effects and lower discontinuation rate than combining letrozole with triptorelin. Two RCTs demonstrated that, after surgical treatment of endometriosis, the administration of AIs combined with gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue for 6 months reduces the risk of endometriosis recurrence when compared with gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue alone. In conclusion, AIs effectively reduce the severity of endometriosis-related pain symptoms. Since endometriosis is a chronic disease, future investigations should clarify whether the long-term administration of AIs is superior to currently available endocrine therapies in terms of improvement of pain, adverse effects and patient satisfaction

Letrozole and norethisterone acetate versus letrozole and triptorelin in the treatment of endometriosis related pain symptoms: a randomized controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>When aromatase inhibitors are used to treat premenopausal women with endometriosis, additional drugs should be used to effectively down-regulate gonadal estrogen biosynthesis. This randomized prospective open-label study compared the efficacy in treating pain symptoms and the tolerability of letrozole combined with either norethisterone acetate or triptorelin.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Women with pain symptoms caused by rectovaginal endometriosis were treated with letrozole (2.5 mg/day) and were randomized to also receive either oral norethisterone acetate (2.5 mg/day; group N) or intramuscular injection of triptorelin (11.25 mg every 3 months; group T). The scheduled length of treatment was 6 months. A visual analogue scale and a multidimensional categorical rating scale were used to assess the severity of pain symptoms. The volume of the endometriotic nodules was estimated by ultrasonography using virtual organ computer-aided analysis. Adverse effects of treatment were recorded.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 35 women were randomized between the two treatment protocols. Significantly more patients in group N rated their treatment as satisfactory or very satisfactory (64.7%) as compared to group T (22.2%; p = 0.028). The intensity of both non-menstrual pelvic pain and deep dyspareunia significantly decreased during treatment in both study groups, though no statistically meaningful difference between the two groups was apparent. Reduction in the volume of endometriotic nodules was significantly greater in group T than in group N. Interruption of treatment due to adverse effects significantly differed between the groups, with 8 women in group T (44.4%) and 1 woman in group N (5.9%) interrupting treatment (p = 0.018). Similarly, 14 women included in group T (77.8%) and 6 women included in group N (35.3%) experienced adverse effects of treatment (p = 0.018). During treatment, mineral bone density significantly decreased in group T but not in group N.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Aromatase inhibitors reduce the intensity of endometriosis-related pain symptoms. Combining letrozole with oral norethisterone acetate was associated with a lower incidence of adverse effects and a lower discontinuation rate than combining letrozole with triptorelin.</p

USO E BENEFÍCIOS DAS METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS EM UMA DISCIPLINA DE ENGENHARIA DE PRODUÇÃO

As metodologias ativas possuem como premissa tornar o aluno protagonista do seu processo de aprendizado. Essa abordagem é capaz de melhorar o desempenho dos alunos, seja em sala de aula, seja resolvendo problemas reais. Nesse trabalho, buscou-se avaliar o uso e os benefícios das metodologias ativas em uma disciplina de Engenharia de Produção em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior. As percepções do professor e dos alunos, coletadas por meio de entrevistas, estão de acordo com os benefícios mapeados do uso de metodologias ativas encontrados na literatura. Mais da metade da disciplina analisada é ministrada a partir de metodologias ativas, porém de forma superficial