Uji Potensi Minyak Atsiri Daun Zodia (Evodia Suaveolens Scheff) Sebagai Insektisida Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti L Dengan Metode Elektrik

Aedes aegypti L merupakan nyamuk penyebab penyakit demam berdarah yang biasanya dibasmi dengan menggunakan insektisida. Zodia (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) adalah tanaman khas dari Papua yang biasa digunakan masyarakat secara tradisional untuk mengusir nyamuk. Kandungan yang terdapat di dalam daun zodia adalah linalool dan pinene yang telah diuji secara ilmiah yang mampu membunuh nyamuk. Minyak atsiri dari daun zodia akan dibuat sebagai insektisida dalam bentuk mat dengan metode elektrik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat mat obat nyamuk dari daun zodia (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) dengan metode elektrik dan menguji potensi minyak atsiri dari daun zodia (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) sebagai insektisida nyamuk Aedes aegypti L. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil perolehan minyak atsiri dari proses distilasi uap 3,2 ml/kg. Proses karakterisasi linalool dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) positif didapatkan dengan warna biru setelah disemprotkan asam sulfat 10% dan nilai Rf 0,33. Uji potensi insektisida minyak atsiri dilakukan dengan menggunakan kontrol positif (d-aletrin 0,01 lg/l), kontrol negatif (air suling) dan sampel minyak daun zodia. Minyak atsiri dari daun zodia dapat digunakan dalam bentuk mat dengan metode elektrik dan memiliki aktifitas membunuh nyamuk Aedes aegypti L dengan interval waktu sekitar 20 - 30 menit

Evaluasi Stabilitas Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina Delile) dengan Basis Vanishing Cream (VC)

Daun afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids that can be used for pharmacology activity: annihilate the parasites that causing schistosomiasis, malaria leishmaniasis, antiamoeba, antitumor and antimicrobials. The purposes of this research were to screen the phytochemistry of african leaf, formulate and test the stability of vanishing cream (VC) base. The methods used were sample collection, extract preparation, formulation, and stability evaluation. The results showed that extract afrika leaves had alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. Extract of daun afrika can be made to good VC base formula including organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, spreading test, sticky test, and VC safety test by distributing questionnaires. The cream was stabil for 21 days at room temperature. Observation of physical properties good performed every week to organoleptis, pH, adhesion, and spreading power.  Key words: stability, V. amygdalina, kill parasites, Vanishing Crea

Uji Efek Stimulansia Ekstrak Etil Asetat Kulit Kayu Akway (Drymis piperita) Asal Papua Pada Tikus (Ratus norvegicus) Jantan

Drymis sp. stem bark from Papua widely utilized by local people especially in Sougb Tribe from Sururey Distric Pegunungan Arfak West Papua, one of them is used to increase the stamina of the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the tonic effect of Drymis sp. stem bark of Ratus norvegicus. Ratatory exhaustion method was used to the tonic effect. Selected rats (30) were divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 5 rats. Tested extract was administrated oraly one dose to the rats. Group I, II and III was given the ethil acetat fraction of Drymis sp. stem bark 10mg/kg body weight, 30mg/kg body weight and 50mg/kg body weight consecutively. Group IV was given CMC-Na 0,5% (as negative control). Goup V was given caffein 15 mg/kg body weight (as positive control) and Group VI as a control. The total swimming period until exhaustion was measured and use as index of swimming capacity. Research result show that the highest dose 50 mg/body weight of the tested fraction the longer swimming time and with better stamina. The result of One Way ANOVA test showed that there was a significant difference between treatment group, followed by tukey test, tukey result obtained the ethil acetat fraction and negative control (CMC Na) showed that there was significant difference, and there is no real difference between between treatment group and positive control.   Key words: Drymis sp, Papua, tonic effect, rats. 

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Dendrobium from Papua Against Eschericia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Orchid found as one of medicinal plant in some areas, especially Dendrobium. Some species were investigated its bioactive compound, and antibacterial activity, but the information about antibacterial activity of Papuan Dendrobium species is still limited. The aims of this research were to determine the phytochemical constituents and the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract and fraction of Dendrobium species from Papua against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. There were three species of Dendrobium namely: D. spectabile, D. violaceoflavens, and D. antennatum used in this study. Dried simplisia was macerated using ethanol, then tested for the phytochemical content. Total ethanolic extract was fractionated with three different solvents, ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane. Disc diffusion assay was used to examine the antibacterial activities of the total extract and the fractions. Total extract were positive for flavonoid, alkaloid and tanin, except D. spectabile stem extract only alkaloid and tannin.  No saponin was found in the plants. The ethyl acetate fraction of leaves of D. spectabile showed the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus with diameter of inhibition zone 20.54 + 1.47 mm (strong category). Other plant extract and fraction tested had  moderate antibacterial activities against both E.coli and S aureus  with diameter zone  6-9 mm. The present work indicates that the ethyl acetate fraction of D. spectabile leaves is potential to be developed in antibacterial drug design research.  Key words: antibacterial activity; Papua; Dendrobium; E. coli; S. aureus.

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MATERI PRESENTASI DAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI CANVA KEPADA GURU DI KOTA MEDAN DAN JAYAPURA SECARA ONLINE

Abstrak: Pandemi Covid 19 membawa perubahan baru dalam lini kehidupan manusia saat ini termasuk dalam lini pendidikan. Belajar daring (dalam jaringan/online/e-learning) adalah hal baru dalam dunia pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini, sehingga perubahan ini menuntut para pendidik, khususnya guru agar mampu menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengajaran seperti membuat presentase dan video pengajaran yang menarik. Oleh karena itu, untuk menjawab kebutuhan tersebut maka kami membuat pelatihan membuat materi dan video presentase yang menarik bagi para guru di Kota Medan-Jayapura secara online. Tujuan dari pelatihan ini adalah agar para guru dapat membuat presentase dan video menarik untuk keperluan pengajaran kepada murid-murid di sekolah. Pelatihan ini dilakukan selama 10 hari secara online dengan menggunakan aplikasi Telegram, dimana pelatih memberikan materi yang diupload ke aplikasi telegram dan memberikan tugas kepada semua peserta. Aplikasi yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini adalah Canva yang merupakan aplikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk mendesain beberapa hal dengan mudah. Jumlah peserta yang mendaftarkan diri pada pelatihan adalah 43 peserta namun pada akhir pelatihan hanya 19 orang yang dapat menyelesaikan pelatihan dengan baik dan mendapatkan sertifikat dari kegiatan pelatihan ini. Hasil dari pelatihan ini adalah guru-guru sudah mampu membuat materi dan video presentase yang menarik dengan menggunakan aplikasi Canva yang akan sangat berguna dalam proses belajar mengajar khususnya selama masa belajar mengajar secara daring. Kata Kunci: Aplikasi Canva, pembelajaran online, guru Medan dan Jayapura. TRAINING FOR MAKING PRESENTATION MATERIALS AND LEARNING VIDEOSUSING THE CANVA APPLICATION TO TEACHERS IN CITY OF MEDAN AND JAYAPURA BY ONLINE Abstract: Covid-19 pandemic brought the human life changes in education sector. Daring teaching method is a new thing in teaching and learning process in Indonesia at this moment, so that educators especially teachers should be able to adapt to the needs of teaching such as making a presenting of an interactive teaching and learning media, one of them is an interesting video. Based on the needs of teaching, we made a training of making materials and an interesting presenting video for teachers in Medan – Jayapura by online. The aim of this training is to facilitate teachers in making an interesting presenting video for their students. This training was conducted for 10 days through online using telegram media, materials and tasks were uploaded in it. Application used in this training was Canva to design something easily. The participants at the beginning were 43 people, but at last there were only 19 finishing the products. The result of this training was the teachers could make materials and an interesting presenting video using Canva application. The products are very useful for online teaching and learning process. Key words: Canva Application, Online Teaching Method, Medan and Jayapura Teachers

Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Dendobium lasianthera J.J.Sm. from Papua

The aims of the study are to evaluate bioactive compounds, antibacterial and cytotoxic potential of D. lasianthera. This orchid grows well all over New Guinea Island as an ornamental plant because of their beautiful flowers. Orchids also known rich of its phytochemical compounds which already used as a traditional medicine in many countries around the world. However, research in pharmacological fields is still limited. In this study, leaves and stem of D. lasianthera were powdered and extracted with ethanol followed by fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvent. Extract as well as fraction were tested for phytochemical screening and determined antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using Disc Diffusion Method. Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) was used to observe cytotoxic potential of leaves and stem extract and fraction at 10, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 ppm. The results showed that the leaves and stem extract contained tannin and alkaloids, separately. The ethanol extract of D. lasianthera showed 7.35 mm (leaves) and 7.43 mm (stem) inhibition zone against S. aureus Furthermore, the maximum inhibition zone of ethanol fraction of leaves and n-hexane fraction of stem were 8.42 mm and 8.10 mm separately. The LC50 of stem extract and fractions in these study were 699.3 ppm (ethanol extract), 602.1 ppm (ethyl acetate), 329.6 ppm (n-hexane fraction) and 676 ppm (ethanol fraction), whereas for leaves, only ethyl acetate fraction has toxict activity with an average LC50 833.2 ppm. Key words: D. lasianthera; phytochemical screening; antibacterial; cytotoxicity; Papua.

Uji Efektivitas Repellent Sediaan Lotion Kombinasi Minyak Atsiri Daun Zodia (Evodia Suaveolens Scheff) dan Minyak Atsiri Batang Serai (Cymbopogon Citratus) terhadap Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti L.

Zodia (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) are native Indonesian plants with repellant activity against mosquitoes and insects. The purpose of this research were to formulate and evaluate the repellant activity of zodia-serai lotion against Aedes aegypti and determine the protection power of three formulas of lotion. The method used in this research including steam distillation of essential oil from zodia leaves and lemongrass, formulation and evaluation of lotions, power protection test, and data analysis. The result of this research showed that lotion had acidic pH of 5, and they were stable without separation after stability evaluation with centrifugation. The most effective repellant activity of the lotion was exhibited at 0 hours with 100% of repellency. The best combination of essential oils of zodia (Evodia suaveolens Scheff) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as Aedes aegypti repellent was at ratio of 7:3

Uji Aktivitas Antifungi Anggur Laut (Caulerpa SP.) Asal Pulau Ambai Serui terhadap Fungi Candida Krusei dan Candida Albicans

Anggur laut (Caulerpa sp.) memiliki potensi sebagai bahan obat antifungi baru karena mengandung beberapa senyawa aktif seperti saponin dan flavonoid yang bekerja sebagai antifungi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji aktivitas antifungi ekstrak anggur laut (Caulerpa sp.) yang diekstraksi dengan 3 pelarut (dietil eter, etil asetat, dan etanol) terhadap fungi Candida krusei dan Candida albicans. Pengujian antifungi menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), 7 perlakuan, dan 3 kali pengulangan, dimana 7 perlakuan yang dimaksud adalah dengan menggunakan konsentrasi 100, 250, 500, 750, dan 1000 ppm, kontrol positif menggunakan flukonazol 5 μg dan kontrol negatif yaitu akuades steril. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga pelarut dari ekstrak dietil eter, etil asetat, dan etanol dari anggur laut mampu menghambat pertumbuhan fungi Candida krusei dan Candida albicans pada konsentrasi 100, 250, 500, 750, dan 1000 ppm. Hasil uji menunjukkan konsentrasi efektif untuk menghambat fungi Candida krusei pada ekstrak etanol dan Candida albicans adalah pada ekstrak etil asetat adalah 1000 ppm

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gatal (Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew)

Daun gatal (Laportea aestuans) is an indigenous plant of Papua hich has been widely used for pain relief as traditional medication in the local community. The leaves were just picked then treated to cure for painful body. This treatment are giving itchy sense as an indication that medication is working on the body as local people assumed. The aim of the study was to determine the activity of antibacteria of daun gatal against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. Samples of daun gatal were collected from Biak Numfor Papua. The methods are started with filtering of daun gatal using 100 mash and extracted with ethanol. Extract was made in 250, 500, 750, 1000 ppm, with chloramphenicol as a control positive, while the test of antibacterial activity was done by disc diffusion method. The results showed that daun gatal has antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and S. typhi. Daun gatal extract (L. aestuans) is effective in inhibiting the growth of bacterias with zone inhibition of 1000 ppm extracts which were 8.55 mm (E. coli), 9.02 mm (S. typhi), dan 9.37 mm (S. aureus). Key words: Antibacteria, E. coli, L. aestuans, S. aureus and S. typhi