Psicología y lesión deportiva: estado actual

En este estudio se realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre el estado actual de la psicología del deporte en la prevención y rehabilitación de lesiones deportivas. Tras analizar una serie de artículos y revisiones se observa una cierta dispersión metodológica en el abordaje del tema. Vemos que existen todavía pocas publicaciones que recojan las intervenciones psicológicas en la prevención y tratamiento de lesiones deportivas. Propondremos líneas de futuro para seguir avanzando en este campo

Psicologia i lesió esportiva: estat actual

En aquest estudi es realitza una revisió bibliogràfica sobre l’estat actual de la psicologia de l’esport en la prevenció i rehabilitació de lesions esportives. Després d’analitzar una sèrie d’articles i revisions s’observa una certa dispersió metodològica en l’abordatge del tema. Veiem que hi ha encara poques publicacions que recullin les intervencions psicològiques en la prevenció i tractament de lesions esportives. Proposarem línies de futur per continuar avançant en aquest camp

Corrección del estrés emocional a través del Mindfulness: aplicaciones en la lesión deportiva

En el deporte la lesión deportiva constituye un problema grave, por su elevada prevalencia y sus consecuencias físicas, emocionales y sociales que representa. El campo de la psicología del deporte ha estudiado ampliamente las variables psico-emocionales que intervienen en la lesión deportiva, para poder avanzar en su mejor prevención y tratamiento. En este trabajo se busca un nuevo enfoque, utilizando el concepto mindfulness o conciencia plena. Así, en la primera parte de este trabajo se presenta una revisión teórica sobre el mindfulness, la evolución de la psicología del deporte en el afrontamiento de la lesión deportiva, y la posible potencialidad de este nuevo concepto para la prevención y tratamiento de las lesiones. Por último, se presenta un estudio de caso único sobre la aplicación de un protocolo de conciencia plena en un deportista lesionado. Los resultados positivos de esta intervención y la creciente utilización del mindfulness en el campo de la psicología del deporte abren las puertas a nuevas e interesantes líneas de futuro que se presentarán en esta tesis para poder tratar de una forma más completa a los deportistas lesionados y poder realizar un trabajo de prevención, mejorando su bienestar y sostenibilidad en su práctica deportivaEn el mon del esport la lesió esportiva és un problema de gran importància per la seva gran prevalença i les seves conseqüències físiques, emocionals i socials. El camp de la psicologia de l’esport ha estudiat de forma àmplia les variables psico-emocionals que intervenen en la lesió esportiva, per tal de poder avançar en la seva millor prevenció i tractament. En aquest treball es busca un nou enfocament, utilitzant el concepte mindfulness o consciència plena. D’aquesta manera, en la primera part es presenta una revisió teòrica sobre el mindfulness, l’evolució de la psicologia de l’esport en el afrontament de la lesió esportiva, y la possible potencialitat d’aquest nou concepte per a la prevenció i tractament de les lesions. Per últim, es presenta un estudi de cas únic sobre l’aplicació d’un protocol de consciència plena en un esportista lesionat. Els resultats positius d’aquest treball i el creixent ús del mindfulness en el camp de la psicologia de l’esport obren les portes a noves i interessants línies de futur per tal de poder tractar de forma més completa als esportistes amb lesions i poder realitzar un treball de prevenció, millorant el seu benestar i sostenibilitat en la seva pràctica esportiva.Sport injury has become a serious problem, because of its prevalence and its physic, emotional and social consequences. The sport psychology has studied widely the psycho-emotional variables that participate in sport injury, in order to a better prevention and treatment. In this study a new approach is searched, by using the concept of mindfulness. In the first part of this thesis we present a theorical review about mindfulness, sport psychology’s evolution in the work with sport psychology and the possible potential of this new concept in sport injuries’ prevention and treatment. Finally, a single case study about a mindfulness-based intervention in an injured sportist is presented. The positive results of this intervention and the growing use of mindfulness in the sport psychology present new and interesting research lines that will be presented in this thesis to treat in a better and complete way to injured sportists and be able to do a work of prevention, improving their quality of life and susteinability in their sport practice

Dispositional Mindfulness and Injury Time Loss in Soccer

Soccer injuries have a low prevalence, albeit prompting detrimental effects for individuals and teams, particularly with prolonged convalescence periods. Age and injury severity appear as the most robust correlates with recovery duration. The role of dispositional mindfulness remains unknown, however, despite considerable evidence that highlights positive effects of mindfulness on injury rehabilitation. This study sought to examine whether dispositional mindfulness explained additional variability in injury time loss in an elite sample of soccer players (N = 207). A series of moderated regression analyses examined whether dispositional mindfulness interacted with either age or injury severity in explaining the length of recovery from an injury. The main findings suggest that dispositional mindfulness was unrelated with length of recovery. In contrast, age and injury severity related robustly with the length of lesion recovery, which was even longer for the older players with very severe injuries. The current findings constitute a novelty in the study of injuries in soccer and open new research lines to determine whether mindfulness interventions are likely to contribute to shorten objective rehabilitation length for a more sustainable approach to sports injury

Effects of Acute Psychological and Physiological Stress on Rock Climbers

The aim of this study was to assess the effects that psychological and physiological stressors have on indoor rock climbers, as well as to identify sex differences. Methods: 14 intermediate rock climbers participated in the study, 10 males and 4 females. Mean age was 31 ± 8 years for males and 21 ± 2 years for females. Day 1 consisted of test familiarization and baseline measurements. Day 2 included two test conditions, startle and fatigue, separated by 20 min. In the startle condition, participants had to lead climb a route, and a loud audio stimulus was presented near the top of the climb. In the fatigue condition, participants were required to climb as fast as they could until muscular failure. The competitive state anxiety inventory second review (CSAI-2R) questionnaire was used to assess somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety, and self-confidence. The four-square step test (FSST) was used to assess motor control, and cortisol levels were acquired via passive drool (PD). Results: Cortisol concentrations were highest in the pre-startle condition (1.72 μg/dL ± 0.66), and values decreased post-startle (1.67 μg/dL ± 0.74) and post-fatigue (1.42 μg/dL ± 0.72). However, cortisol concentrations increased post-startle in females (1.57 μg/dL ± 0.96). Somatic anxiety in males was significantly higher post-startle (16.36 ± 5.54) than pre-startle (14.23 ± 5.09). Females had significantly higher somatic anxiety post-startle (18.00 ± 8.76), and they had lower self-confidence levels (30.00 ± 5.89) than males. Conclusions: There are differences in the way that males and females prepare and respond to stressful situations. Furthermore, time of day may have had a significant impact on cortisol concentration

Age-related changes in STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphatase levels: Regulation by BDNF

Recent results indicate that STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphatase (STEP) levels are regulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), whose expression changes during postnatal development and aging. Here, we studied STEP ontogeny in mouse brain and changes in STEP with age with emphasis on the possible regulation by BDNF. We found that STEP expression increased during the first weeks of life, reaching adult levels by 2-3 weeks of age in the striatum and cortex, and by postnatal day (P) 7 in the hippocampus. STEP protein levels were unaffected in BDNF+/- mice, but were significantly reduced in the striatum and cortex, but not in the hippocampus, of BDNF-/- mice at P7 and P14. In adult wild-type mice there were no changes in cortical and hippocampal STEP61 levels with age. Conversely, striatal STEP levels were reduced from 12 months of age, correlating with higher ubiquitination and increased BDNF content and signaling. Lower STEP levels in older mice were paralleled by increased phosphorylation of its substrates. Since altered STEP levels are involved in cellular malfunctioning events, its reduction in the striatum with increasing age should encourage future studies of how this imbalance might participate in the aging process

Efficacy of the FIBROWALK Multicomponent Program Moved to a Virtual Setting for Patients with Fibromyalgia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Proof-of-Concept RCT Performed Alongside the State of Alarm in Spain

FIBROWALK is a multicomponent program including pain neuroscience education, therapeutic exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness training that has recently been found to be effective in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). This RCT started before the COVID-19 pandemic and was moved to a virtual format (i.e., online videos) when the lockdown was declared in Spain. This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a virtual FIBROWALK compared to Treatment-As-Usual (TAU) in patients with FM during the first state of alarm in Spain. A total of 151 patients with FM were randomized into two study arms: FIBROWALK plus TAU vs. TAU alone. The primary outcome was functional impairment. Secondary outcomes were kinesiophobia, anxiety and depressive symptomatology, and physical functioning. Differences between groups at post-treatment assessment were analyzed using Intention-To-Treat (ITT) and completer approaches. Baseline differences between clinical responders and non-responders were also explored. Statistically significant improvements with small-to-moderate effect sizes were observed in FIBROWALK+TAU vs. TAU regarding functional impairment and most secondary outcomes. In our study, the NNT was 5, which was, albeit modestly, indicative of an efficacious intervention. The results of this proof-of-concept RCT preliminarily support the efficacy of virtual FIBROWALK in patients with FM during the Spanish COVID-19 lockdown