Genetics And Molecular Biology: A Literature Review Of Forensic Dentistry Application

Forensic expertise methodology normally used in different criminal investigation and forensic medicine field such as blood type, anthropologic analysis and forensic, dentistry (dental records, X-rays, bite marks, among others) solved and will continue solving many crimes. Those methods will continue estimating age of several people. Nevertheless, since the development of genetics and molecular bioloy there were an increase in number and quality of solved case. The present work points out the importance to associate certain forensic biology areas to traditional investigation methods in human identification, especially with forensic dentistry. It also show that in some situations, teeth are an important source to genetic analysis and molecular studies. 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Uso Do 1-mcp E Atmosfera Modificada Na Pós-colheita De Atemoia 'gefner'

The scarcity of technologies related to the post-harvest physiology of this species is one of the barriers to commercialization of atemoya over long distances, aggravated by perishability presented by them. Thus, the objective of this study was to prolong the shelf life of atemoya fruits using 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and modified atmosphere by low-density polyethylene (LDP), associated with refrigeration. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in a split-plot, with plots in the four doses of 1-MCP (0, 200, 400 and 600 ?L L-1), and in the 5 subplots evaluation periods after harvest in the range of 5 days, with four replicate. Atemoyas were harvested at physiological maturity then treated with doses of 1-MCP for 8 h at room temperature. Soon after, the fruits were placed in polystyrene trays. Some remained unpacked and others were packed with a plastic film of LDP 16 μm. The use of modified atmosphere and 1-MCP alone or combined, were effective in delaying the ripening of fruits, allowing the preservation of its chemistry quality. In the fruits treated with 1-MCP was no delay in the accumulation of soluble solids and starch degradation.112677

Identification of Schistosoma mansoni microRNAs

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a class of single-stranded RNAs which play a crucial role in regulating development and controlling gene expression by targeting mRNAs and triggering either translation repression or messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation. miRNAs are widespread in eukaryotes and to date over 14,000 miRNAs have been identified by computational and experimental approaches. Several miRNAs are highly conserved across species. In Schistosoma, the full set of miRNAs and their expression patterns during development remain poorly understood. Here we report on the development and implementation of a homology-based detection strategy to search for miRNA genes in Schistosoma mansoni. In addition, we report results on the experimental detection of miRNAs by means of cDNA cloning and sequencing of size-fractionated RNA samples. Results: Homology search using the high-throughput pipeline was performed with all known miRNAs in miRBase. A total of 6,211 mature miRNAs were used as reference sequences and 110 unique S. mansoni sequences were returned by BLASTn analysis. The existing mature miRNAs that produced these hits are reported, as well as the locations of the homologous sequences in the S. mansoni genome. All BLAST hits aligned with at least 95% of the miRNA sequence, resulting in alignment lengths of 19-24 nt. Following several filtering steps, 15 potential miRNA candidates were identified using this approach. By sequencing small RNA cDNA libraries from adult worm pairs, we identified 211 novel miRNA candidates in the S. mansoni genome. Northern blot analysis was used to detect the expression of the 30 most frequent sequenced miRNAs and to compare the expression level of these miRNAs between the lung stage schistosomula and adult worm stages. Expression of 11 novel miRNAs was confirmed by northern blot analysis and some presented a stage-regulated expression pattern. Three miRNAs previously identified from S. japonicum were also present in S. mansoni. Conclusion: Evidence for the presence of miRNAs in S. mansoni is presented. The number of miRNAs detected by homology-based computational methods in S. mansoni is limited due to the lack of close relatives in the miRNA repository. In spite of this, the computational approach described here can likely be applied to the identification of pre-miRNA hairpins in other organisms. Construction and analysis of a small RNA library led to the experimental identification of 14 novel miRNAs from S. mansoni through a combination of molecular cloning, DNA sequencing and expression studies. Our results significantly expand the set of known miRNAs in multicellular parasites and provide a basis for understanding the structural and functional evolution of miRNAs in these metazoan parasites

Biological properties of natural dyes

El propósito del presente trabajo es evaluar el aumento en el uso de colorantes naturales en la industria alimentaria y la posibilidad de desarrollar nuevos medicamentos gracias a sus diversas propiedades biológicas. La presente revisión aborda las principales actividades biológicas observadas en los carotenoides y las antocianinas y pone énfasis en el amplio uso del extracto de achiote o bija (Bixa orellana L.) y de la curcumina (Curcuma longa) en estas actividades.The aim of the present work is to evaluate the increase uses of natural colorants in the nourishing industry and in the promising of new medicines due its several biological properties. In this review the main biological activities observed in the carotenóids and the anthocyianins are boarded, with emphasis in the wide use of the urucum‘s extract from Bixa orellana L.) and of curcumin from Curcuma longa in these activities