Energetics of the N-O bonds in 2-hydroxyphenazine-di-N-oxide

The standard enthalpy of formation and the enthalpy of sublimation of crystalline 2-hydroxyphenazine-diN-oxide, at T = 298.15 K, were determined from isoperibol static bomb combustion calorimetry and from Knudsen effusion experiments, as -76.7 +/- 4.2 kJ center dot mol(-1) and 197 5 kJ center dot mol(-1), respectively. The sum of these two quantities gives the standard enthalpy of formation in the gas-phase for this compound, Delta(f)H(m)degrees(g) = 120 6 KJ center dot mol(-1). This value was combined with the gas-phase standard enthalpy of formation for 2-hydroxyphenazine retrieved from a group estimative method yielding the mean (N-O) bond dissociation enthalpy, in the gas-phase, for 2-hydroxyphenazine-di-N-oxide. The result obtained with this strategy is = 263 +/- 4 KJ center dot mol(-1), which is in excellent agreement with the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,2p)// B3LYP/6-31G(d) computed value, 265 KJ center dot mol(-1)

A Brazilian regional basic diet-induced chronic malnutrition drives liver inflammation with higher ApoA-I activity in C57BL6J mice

Malnutrition is still considered endemic in many developing countries. Malnutrition-enteric infections may cause lasting deleterious effects on lipid metabolism, especially in children living in poor settings. The regional basic diet (RBD), produced to mimic the Brazilian northeastern dietary characteristics (rich in carbohydrate and low in protein) has been used in experimental malnutrition models, but few studies have explored the effect of chronic RBD on liver function, a central organ involved in cholesterol metabolism. This study aimed to investigate whether RBD leads to liver inflammatory changes and altered reverse cholesterol metabolism in C57BL6/J mice compared to the control group, receiving a standard chow diet. To evaluate liver inflammation, ionized calcium-binding adapter protein-1 (IBA-1) positive cell counting, interleukin (IL)-1b immunohistochemistry, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and IL-10 transcription levels were analyzed. In addition, we assessed reverse cholesterol transport by measuring liver apolipoprotein (Apo)E, ApoA-I, and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) by RT-PCR. Furthermore, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was measured to assess liver function. RBD markedly impaired body weight gain compared with the control group (Po0.05). Higher hepatic TNF-a (Po0.001) and IL-10 (Po0.01) mRNA levels were found in RBD-challenged mice, although without detectable non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Marked IBA-1 immunolabeling and increased number of positive-IBA-1 cells (presumably Kupffer cells) were found in the undernourished group. No statistical difference in serum ALT was found. There was also a significant increase in ApoA-I mRNA expression in the undernourished group, but not ApoE and LCAT, compared with the control. Altogether our findings suggested that chronic RBD-induced malnutrition leads to liver inflammation with increased ApoA-I activity

Caracterização dos idosos usuários de medicação residentes em instituição de longa permanência

Os objetivos deste estudo foram caracterizar os idosos residentes em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência quanto ao uso de medicamentos e verificar a existência de polifarmácia. Trata-se de estudo descritivo e quantitativo, realizado por meio de dados de um banco originado da pesquisa Perfil de idosos residentes numa Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPIs): proposta de ação de enfermagem/saúde. Foram selecionados 39 idosos que faziam uso de medicação. Os achados evidenciaram predominância de mulheres, com idade entre 80 e 89 anos, que sabem ler e são viúvas. As doenças do aparelho circulatório foram as mais frequentes. Os idosos usavam em média 3,7 medicamentos e 30,8% deles utilizavam polifarmácia. Os medicamentos mais usados foram para as intercorrências do sistema cardiovascular. Verificou-se a presença de medicamentos considerados impróprios para idosos. Espera-se sensibilizar os profissionais de saúde a promoverem o uso racional e cuidadoso de medicamentos para os idosos institucionalizados

Problematizing the multidisciplinary residency in oncology: a practical teaching protocol from the perspective of nurse residents

Objective: To investigate practical teaching of nurse residents in a multidisciplinary residency in oncology. Method: A qualitative descriptive study grounded in the problematization methodology and its steps, represented by the Maguerez Arch. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Potentiating and limiting elements of the residency guided the design of a practical teaching protocol from the perspective of residents, structured in three stages: Welcoming and ambience; Nursing care for problem situations; and, Evaluation process. Conclusion: Systematization of practical teaching promoted the autonomy of individuals and the approximation of teaching to reality, making residency less strenuous, stressful and distressing

Synthetic Peptides Mimic gp75 from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in the Diagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic granulomatous disease, endemic in Latin America, caused by the thermal dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Although some fungal antigens have already been characterized and used for serological diagnosis, cross-reactions have been frequently observed. Thus, the examination of fungal forms in clinical specimens or isolation of P. brasiliensis by culture is still the most frequent method for the diagnosis of this mycosis. In this study, a random peptide phage display library was used to select mimotopes of P. brasiliensis, which were employed as antigens in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protective monoclonal antibody against experimental PCM (anti-gp75) was used as molecular target to screen a phage display library. That approach led to a synthetic peptide named P2, which was synthesized and tested against PCM patients’ sera to check whether it was recognized. There was significant recognition of P2 by sera of untreated PCM patients when compared with normal human sera. Sera from treated PCM group, patients with other mycosis or co-infected with HIV had much lower recognition of P2 than untreated patient group. The test showed a sensitivity of 100 and 94.59% of specificity in relation to human sera control. These data indicate a potential use of P2 as diagnostic tool in PCM. Its application for serological diagnosis of PCM may contribute to the development and standardization of simpler, faster and highly reproducible immunodiagnostic tests at low cost