Reflections on regional economic resilience : the post-disaster scenario in Mariana (MG).

Em 2015, o rompimento da barragem de rejeitos de Fundão, da mineradora Samarco fez do município de Mariana (MG) o epicentro de uma catástrofe que atingiu várias esferas: econômica, social, ambiental e humana. Este artigo se debruça sobre a literatura de Resiliência Econômica Regional para analisar a capacidade de resiliência econômica de Mariana e dos 34 municípios mineiros também impactados pela tragédia. A hipótese principal é que as características estruturais de localidades dependentes de um setor-chave restringem a sua capacidade de resistir e se recuperar-se economicamente dos choques adversos. Para a análise empírica dos efeitos do rompimento da barragem sobre os municípios afetados, foi utilizado o indicador de resistência econômica proposto por Martin et al. (2016) e o método shift-share para identificar os principais fatores responsáveis pela redução do emprego nestas localidades. Os resultados mostraram que a especialização produtiva e, ainda, o baixo dinamismo dos demais setores são fatores que comprometem a capacidade de recuperação pós-choque. Este trabalho se justifica por contribuir para a definição de políticas de apoio ao desenvolvimento local e indução à diversificação produtiva. As proposições feitas neste artigo apontam para a necessidade de ampliação da capacidade das famílias e empresas diversificarem suas fontes de renda, investirem nas relações sociais, manterem reservas de capital de diferentes tipos e desenvolverem competências de aprendizagem e de adaptação. E para o caso de Mariana, a vantagem competitiva no setor de turismo, a agricultura familiar e uma maior interação entre universidades e empresas podem gerar estratégias na indução da diversificação econômica.In 2015, the rupture of the mining waste dam of the Samarco company made the municipality of Mariana (MG) the epicenter of a catastrophe that reached several spheres: economic, social, environmental and human. This article focuses on the literature on Regional Economic Resilience in order to analyze the economic resilience capacity of Mariana and the 34 municipalities also impacted by the tragedy. The main hypothesis is that the structural characteristics of localities that depend on a main-sector restrict their ability to resist and recover economically from adverse shocks. For the empirical analysis, the economic resistance indicator proposed by Martin et al. (2016) and the shift-share method was used in order to identify the main factors responsible for the reduction of employment in these localities. The results showed that the productive specialization and the low dynamism of the other sectors are factors that compromise the capacity of recovery after the shocks. Even this work is justified for contributing to the definition of policies to support local development and induction of productive diversification. The proposals made in this article point to the need to expand the capacity of families and companies to diversify their sources of income, invest in social relations, maintain capital reserves of different types and develop learning and adaptation skills. In the case of Mariana, the competitive advantage in the tourism sector, family farming and more interaction between universities and companies can generate strategies in the induction of economic diversification

Reflexões Sobre Resiliência Econômica Regional: o cenário pós-desastre de Mariana (MG)

In 2005, the rupture of the mining waste dam of the Samarco company made the municipality of Mariana (MG) the epicenter of a catastrophe that reached several spheres: economic, social, environmental and human. This article focuses on the literature on Regional Economic Resilience in order to analyze the economic resilience capacity of Mariana and the 34 municipalities also impacted by the tragedy. The main hypothesis is that the structural characteristics of localities that depend on a main-sector restrict their ability to resist and recover economically from adverse shocks. For the empirical analysis, the economic resistance indicator proposed by Martin et al. (2016) and the shift-share method was used in order to identify the main factors responsible for the reduction of employment in these localities. The results showed that the productive specialization and the low dynamism of the other sectors are factors that compromise the capacity of recovery after the shocks. Even this work is justified for contributing to the definition of policies to support local development and induction of productive diversification. The proposals made in this article point to the need to expand the capacity of families and companies to diversify their sources of income, invest in social relations, maintain capital reserves of different types and develop learning and adaptation skills. In the case of Mariana, the competitive advantage in the tourism sector, family farming and more interaction between universities and companies can generate strategies in the induction of economic diversification.En 2015, la ruptura de la represa de desechos de minería de la empresa Samarco hizo del municipio de Mariana (MG) el epicentro de una catástrofe que alcanzó varias esferas: económica, social, ambiental y humana. Este artículo se centra en la literatura de Resiliencia Económica Regional para analizar la capacidad de resiliencia económica de Mariana y de los 34 municipios mineros también impactados por la tragedia. La hipótesis principal es que las características estructurales de localidades dependientes de un sector clave restringen su capacidad de resistir y recuperarse económicamente de los choques adversos. Para el análisis empírico se utilizó el indicador de resistencia económica propuesto por Martin et al. (2016) y el método shift-share para identificar los principales factores responsables de la reducción del empleo en estas localidades. Los resultados mostraron que la especialización productiva y el bajo dinamismo de los demás sectores son factores que comprometen la capacidad de recuperación después de los choques. Este trabajo se justifica por contribuir a la definición de políticas de apoyo al desarrollo local e inducción a la diversificación productiva. Las proposiciones hechas en este artículo apuntan a la necesidad de ampliar la capacidad de las familias y empresas de diversificar sus fuentes de renta, invertir en las relaciones sociales, mantener reservas de capital de diferentes tipos y desarrollar competencias de aprendizaje y de adaptación. Para el caso de Mariana, la ventaja competitiva en el sector del turismo, la agricultura familiar y más interacción entre universidades y empresas pueden generar estrategias en la inducción de la diversificación económica.Em 2015, o rompimento da barragem de rejeitos de Fundão, da mineradora Samarco fez do município de Mariana (MG) o epicentro de uma catástrofe que atingiu várias esferas: econômica, social, ambiental e humana. Este artigo se debruça sobre a literatura de Resiliência Econômica Regional para analisar a capacidade de resiliência econômica de Mariana e dos 34 municípios mineiros também impactados pela tragédia. A hipótese principal é que as características estruturais de localidades dependentes de um setor-chave restringem a sua capacidade de resistir e se recuperar-se economicamente dos choques adversos. Para a análise empírica dos efeitos do rompimento da barragem sobre os municípios afetados, foi utilizado o indicador de resistência econômica proposto por Martin et al. (2016) e o método shift-share para identificar os principais fatores responsáveis pela redução do emprego nestas localidades. Os resultados mostraram que a especialização produtiva e, ainda, o baixo dinamismo dos demais setores são fatores que comprometem a capacidade de recuperação pós-choque. Este trabalho se justifica por contribuir para a definição de políticas de apoio ao desenvolvimento local e indução à diversificação produtiva. As proposições feitas neste artigo apontam para a necessidade de ampliação da capacidade das famílias e empresas diversificarem suas fontes de renda, investirem nas relações sociais, manterem reservas de capital de diferentes tipos e desenvolverem competências de aprendizagem e de adaptação. E para o caso de Mariana, a vantagem competitiva no setor de turismo, a agricultura familiar e uma maior interação entre universidades e empresas podem gerar estratégias na indução da diversificação econômica

Study of leaching of carbofuran in different profiles of red latosol column

This research aimed to evaluate the leaching of carbofuran along the profile of red latosol columns. For the study, 4 columns filled with soil were used and 150 mg L-1 of the commercial product Furadan® was applied. The simulation of three levels of precipitation (20, 60, 100 mm) of rainfall and three depth ranges (0-5, 25-30, 45-50 cm) for a period of 24h was evaluated. The extraction of Furadan® was carried out by means of the Solid-Liquid Extraction with Low Temperature Partitioning (SLE-LTP), being determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-UV). In the simulation of 20 and 60 mm rain volumes, Furadan® leaching occurred only in superficial soil layers (0-5 cm). However, at 100 mm of rain, the product was leached to the middle layer of the soil (25-30 cm). In this way, it was verified that the leaching capacity of Furadan® was greater when simulating 100 mm of precipitation. New studies, with other types of soil and greater temporal observation, are recommended for the potential of incorporation of this pesticide into the soil profile

Reproducibilidad y validez del cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria ELSA-Brasil

Background: To investigate the association between diet and health effects in population surveys, it is necessary to have precise tools that allow estimating the habitual consumption of the population. Introduction: To investigate the association between diet and health effects in population surveys, it is necessary to have precise tools that allow estimating the habitual consumption of the population. Aim: To evaluate the reproducibility and validity of the ELSA-Brasil food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess macro and micronutrients intake. Material and methods: We collected dietary information of 281 participants which completed two ELSA-Brasil food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) over a year period and three records. To assess the reproducibility of the FFQ, we compared the macro and micronutrients intake from the two FFQ while to assess the validity, we compared the intakes of FFQ with the mean of three records. The intraclass correlation test (ICC) and agreement percentages of nutrient intake were calculated after categorization by tertiles. Results: ICC coefficients for reproducibility ranged from 0.51 (polyunsaturated fat) to 0.70 (magnesium) while the ICC coefficients for validity ranged from 0.14 to 0.61 for omega 3 and magnesium, respectively. The exact concordances between methods ranged from 37% for omega 3 to 50.2% for magnesium (mean = 44.6%). An average disagreement of 13.4% was found. Conclusions: This study suggests that the ELSA-Brasil FFQ is suitable tool to assess dietary intake with a satisfactory reproducibility and relative validity.  Introducción: Para investigar la asociación entre dieta y efectos en salud en encuestas poblacionales, es necesario disponer de herramientas precisas que permitan estimar el consumo habitual de la población. Objetivo: Evaluar la reproducibilidad y validez del cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria del ELSA-Brasil para evaluar la ingesta de macro y micronutrientes. Material y métodos: Recopilamos información dietética de 281 participantes que completaron dos cuestionarios de frecuencia alimentaria (FFQ) de ELSA-Brasil durante un período de un año y tres registros. Para evaluar la reproducibilidad del FFQ, comparamos la ingesta de macro y micronutrientes de los dos FFQ mientras que, para evaluar la validez, comparamos las ingestas de FFQ con la media de tres registros. La prueba de correlación intraclase (ICC) y los porcentajes de acuerdo de la ingesta de nutrientes se calcularon después de la categorización por tertiles. Resultados: En la evaluación de la reproducibilidad, los coeficientes ICC variaron de 0.51-0.70 para magnesio de grasas poliinsaturadas, respectivamente; en la evaluación de la validez, oscilaron entre 0,14 y 0,61 para omega 3 y magnesio, respectivamente. Las concordancias exactas entre los métodos oscilaron entre el 37% para omega 3 y el 50,2% para magnesio (media = 44,6%). Se encontró un desacuerdo promedio del 13,4%. Conclusiones: Este estudio sugiere que ELSA-Brasil FFQ es una herramienta adecuada para evaluar la ingesta dietética con una reproducibilidad satisfactoria y validez relativa

GESTÃO DE RISCO HOSPITALAR:: UM ENFOQUE NA QUALIDADE E SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE

O presente estudo se norteou pelo objetivo de identificar ferramentas disponíveis para auxiliar o gerenciamento de riscos na atenção à saúde. Trata-se de estudo do tipo revisão integrativa de literatura, a qual foi realizada a partir de material disponível nas bases de dados eletrônicas MEDLINE, PubMed e Banco de Teses da USP. O material se compôs de artigos científicos e tese, publicados entre os anos de 2003 e 2012. A literatura evidencia que a gestão de risco busca a identificação precoce de riscos potenciais, bem como pretende diminuir ou eliminar efeitos adversos decorrentes do atendimento em saúde, com a finalidade de garantir a qualidade na assistência e a segurança do paciente. Por conseguinte, o gestor de risco deve garantir que se realize a prevenção, detecção, registro e correção de deficiências. A maior parte dos instrumentos descritos se refere ao sistema de notificação de acidentes. Outros instrumentos recomendados foram a revisão de prontuários, a participação da equipe multiprofissional e a cooperação do paciente. Adicionalmente, ressaltou-se a integração entre múltiplos métodos

Vascular dementia: neurological assessment and cardiovascular manifestations

Vascular dementia is a form of dementia caused by brain damage resulting from problems with blood flow to the brain. It is often associated with risk factors and cardiovascular manifestations, such as high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, stroke, atrial fibrillation, among others. These factors may contribute to the development and progression of vascular dementia, as well as increase the risk of complications and mortality. Objective: to evaluate the relationship between vascular dementia and neurological and cardiovascular changes, as well as to identify the main strategies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Methodology: followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist, which consists of a set of recommendations to guarantee the quality and transparency of systematic reviews. Searches were carried out in the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases, using the following descriptors: “vascular dementia”, “neurological assessment”, “cardiovascular manifestations”, “risk factors” and “treatment”. Only articles published in the last 10 years (from 2013 to 2023), in English or Portuguese, that addressed the topic of vascular dementia and its neurological and cardiovascular implications were included. Articles that were not original (reviews, editorials, letters to the editor, etc.), that did not present sufficient or reliable data, that had an inadequate methodology or that were not relevant to the objective of the review were excluded. Results: 17 studies were selected. The neurological evaluation of vascular dementia should include a detailed anamnesis, a complete physical examination, a cognitive and functional assessment, as well as complementary exams such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the skull. The cardiovascular assessment of vascular dementia must consider modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, clinical manifestations, and laboratory and imaging findings. Pharmacological interventions may include medications to improve cognitive function (such as cholinesterase inhibitors or NMDA receptor antagonists), to control cardiovascular risk factors (such as antihypertensives, hypoglycemic agents, or anticoagulants), or to prevent complications (such as anti-inflammatories). or antidepressants). Conclusion: Vascular dementia is a serious and prevalent disease that affects both the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system. Its prevention, diagnosis and treatment require an integrated and multidimensional approach, which considers the neurological and cardiovascular aspects involved. Carrying out more studies on this topic is essential to expand scientific knowledge and improve the quality of life of patients with vascular dementia.Vascular dementia is a form of dementia caused by brain damage resulting from problems with blood flow to the brain. It is often associated with risk factors and cardiovascular manifestations, such as high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, stroke, atrial fibrillation, among others. These factors may contribute to the development and progression of vascular dementia, as well as increase the risk of complications and mortality. Objective: to evaluate the relationship between vascular dementia and neurological and cardiovascular changes, as well as to identify the main strategies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Methodology: followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist, which consists of a set of recommendations to guarantee the quality and transparency of systematic reviews. Searches were carried out in the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases, using the following descriptors: “vascular dementia”, “neurological assessment”, “cardiovascular manifestations”, “risk factors” and “treatment”. Only articles published in the last 10 years (from 2013 to 2023), in English or Portuguese, that addressed the topic of vascular dementia and its neurological and cardiovascular implications were included. Articles that were not original (reviews, editorials, letters to the editor, etc.), that did not present sufficient or reliable data, that had an inadequate methodology or that were not relevant to the objective of the review were excluded. Results: 17 studies were selected. The neurological evaluation of vascular dementia should include a detailed anamnesis, a complete physical examination, a cognitive and functional assessment, as well as complementary exams such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the skull. The cardiovascular assessment of vascular dementia must consider modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, clinical manifestations, and laboratory and imaging findings. Pharmacological interventions may include medications to improve cognitive function (such as cholinesterase inhibitors or NMDA receptor antagonists), to control cardiovascular risk factors (such as antihypertensives, hypoglycemic agents, or anticoagulants), or to prevent complications (such as anti-inflammatories). or antidepressants). Conclusion: Vascular dementia is a serious and prevalent disease that affects both the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system. Its prevention, diagnosis and treatment require an integrated and multidimensional approach, which considers the neurological and cardiovascular aspects involved. Carrying out more studies on this topic is essential to expand scientific knowledge and improve the quality of life of patients with vascular dementia

Análise biomecânica do movimento de agachamento: estudo de caso/ Biomechanical analysis of squat movement: case study

 O agachamento apresenta alto valor funcional, por ser análogo aos movimentos cotidiano como sentar e levantar-se, e por haver uma diversidade de execuções tal qual às variações técnicas disponíveis que alteram o torque exercidos nesta atividade.  Dentre as inúmeras vertentes, foi escolhido como tema deste estudo o agachamento com flexão do joelho em 90°, de forma que a coxa fique paralela ao chão, denominado na literatura como meio agachamento. Trata-se de um estudo que analisa o movimento de agachamento livre de uma jovem do sexo feminino, 19 anos, ativa e sem problemas de saúde sob perspectiva biomecânica nas fases concêntrica, excêntrica e isométrica através da videogrametria realizada pelo programa Kinovea 8.26, destacando os ângulos e movimentos numa comparação com a literatura encontrada nos bancos de dados Scielo e Pubmed, no período de 2001 a 2017. As angulações pré-estabelecidas do agachamento são eficientes, no entanto ao comparar a literatura com a amostra, houve uma pequena variação nos números apresentados, onde a amostra ficou com número maior, contudo, quando se trata de um estudo que envolve seres humanos, as variáveis são evidentes e aceitáveis, desde que se respeite o limite físico, e anatômico de cada participante

Sifilis em pacientes sem HIV: revisão de literature / Syphilis in HIV-free patients: A review of the literature

Introdução: As manifestações clínicas dependem do estágio da doença. O T. pallidum pode iniciar a infecção onde quer que ocorra a inoculação. A sífilis é geralmente dividida em fases iniciais ou precoce e tardias. Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo é revisar sobre o manejo da sífilis em pacientes sem HIV, compreendendo epidemiologia, fisiopatologia, manifestações clinicas, diagnóstico e tratamento. Métodos: Os bancos de dados Pubmed, Diretrizes e UpToDate foram pesquisados eletronicamente utilizando os descritores doenças sexualmente transmissíveis; infecções por treponema; sífilis congênita e treponema pallidum nos idiomas inglês e português. Discussão e Conclusão: Pacientes com sinais e sintomas compatíveis com sífilis devem ser submetidos a testes sorológicos para confirmar o diagnóstico. No entanto, alguns pacientes podem ser tratados empiricamente com base nos achados clínicos (por exemplo, pacientes com suspeita de câncer e exposição conhecida). A penicilina G administrada por via parenteral é o tratamento de escolha para todos os estágios da sífilis

Molecular epidemiological investigation of Mayaro virus in febrile patients from Goiania City, 2017-2018.

Mayaro virus (MAYV) has historically been associated with sylvatic transmission; however, urban outbreaks have been reported in Brazil, including cases of co-detection with dengue virus (DENV). Therefore, we performed a molecular survey to investigate MAYV circulation and cocirculation with DENV within Goiania, a major city in Central-West Brazil. Among 375 subjects with arbovirus-like symptoms, 259 were positive for DENV and 26 for MAYV. Of these, 17 were coinfected with DENV-2, suggesting co-transmission of the viruses. The most common complaints at the time of inclusion were myalgia, headache, fever, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, and skin rash. No specific symptoms were associated with MAYV when either detected alone or co-detected with DENV, compared to that when DENV was detected alone. Most MAYV-infected subjects were women with no recent travel history to rural/sylvatic areas. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicated that the MAYV identified in this study is closely related with a lineage observed in Peru, belonging to genotype D. Our results corroborate the growing circulation of MAYV in urban environments in Brazil and reinforce the need to implement laboratory diagnosis in the Unified Health System, considering that the clinical manifestations of Mayaro fever are similar to those of other arboviruses, particularly dengue. Furthermore, most cases occurred in association with DENV-2. Further phylogenetic studies are needed to evaluate MAYV, which has not been widely examined

Regional economic resilience and mining in the State of Minas Gerais/Brazil : the barriers of productive specialisation to formal employment and tax management.

This article aims to analyse the vulnerability of mining municipalities in the State of Minas Gerais, especially as regards the fiscal and employment, affected by recent external disruptions. Indicators of resistance and recovery were calculated from employment data in order to measure the economic resilience of mining-dependent economies. Dynamic Panel Data estimation was performed to understand the relationship between the labour market and variables related to the commercialization of iron ore and the collection of CFEM from municipal ities. The results showed the low resilience of the municipalities analysed, which makes them more vulnerable to shocks or disruptions of different types, magnitudes, and scales