Viabilidade do Mercado de Tilápias Através do Comportamento do Consumidor Final do Município de Barreiras, Oeste da Bahia

Este estudo contempla, dentro do contexto do agronegócio, a problemática do último elo da Cadeia de Produção Agroindustrial da Tilápia na cidade de Barreiras: o consumidor final, analisando-se o seu comportamento através do diagnóstico do perfil por intermédio da pesquisa mercadológica. A amostra foi definida com base em amostragem não-probabilística intencional onde se obtém os sujeitos-tipos, ou seja, compradores de carnes que irão caracterizar todo o universo da população local. Diante dos resultados obtidos, o mercado de tilápia na cidade de Barreiras apresenta viabilidade constatada desde que haja uma utilização adequada de ações mercadológicas que visem prioritariamente a estruturação da cadeia produtiva local enfatizando a obtenção de um produto final com as características preteridas pelo consumidor disposto a adquirir o produto com os atributos desejáveis diagnosticados nesse estudo

Nutritional value, fermentation losses and aerobic stability of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) silage treated with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes

The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritional value, fermentation losses, and aerobic stability of elephant grass silage (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) treated with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replicates (experimental silos) and five levels of fibrolytic enzymes (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0%). For this, the elephant grass was ensiled at 70 days of age in plastic buckets with 20L capacity. Silos were opened 60 days after sealing. Analyses were made for chemical composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), effluent losses (EL), gas losses (GL) and dry matter recovery (DMR), as well as the aerobic stability of the silage. Data were analyzed with PROC REG of SAS® University, at 5% probability. There was an increase in IVDMD content (p < 0.0001) and reduction in NDF and ADF contents (p < 0.0001) according to enzyme levels. These results were related to the increase in the degradation of fiber fractions. There were higher EL (p = 0.0062) as a function of enzyme levels and aerobic deterioration after silo opening, at all levels tested. Thus, it can be concluded that the exogenous fibrolytic enzymes change the chemical composition of elephant grass silage, and increase its digestibility and nutritional value. Moreover, when used alone as an additive, fibrolytic enzymes are not able to recover all dry matter of this silage (with effluent and gas losses), and are not able to maintain aerobic stability in the first hours after opening the silos

NITROGEN DOSES FOR COMMON BEANS CROP IN THE CERRADO REGION IN THE STATE OF BAHIA

Common beans crop is very demanding in nutrients, where nitrogen is the most required by the crop. The nitrogen fertilization recommendations for the Cerrado in Western Bahia are based on recommendations elaborated for the Cerrado conditions in the Brazilian Central-West region, and such recommendations may not be adequate, as the Cerrado in the state of Bahia is predominantly characterized by sandy soils and little rainfall than the others areas of this biome, showing peculiar characteristics regarding the behavior of nitrogen in the soil. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen doses on the morphological characteristics, yield and quality of beans in the common beans crop in the Cerrado in the State of Bahia. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Barreiras, State of Bahia (BA), in a randomized block design, consisting of five nitrogen doses (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1) and four replications. The morphological attributes, grain yield and dry biomass and the physical and chemical quality of the grains were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the test of Tukey at 5% and regression analysis was performed to assess the effects of N doses on the variables. Regarding morphology, the highest nitrogen doses had a positive influence on stem diameter and number of leaves. The maximum efficiency dose was 63 kg ha-1 with productivity of 2,889.6 kg ha-1 of grains, while the maximum dose of 240 kg ha-1 increased the protein content in grains by 46% in relation to the absence of nitrogen fertilization.Common beans crop is very demanding in nutrients, where nitrogen is the most required by the crop. The nitrogen fertilization recommendations for the Cerrado in Western Bahia are based on recommendations elaborated for the Cerrado conditions in the Brazilian Central-West region, and such recommendations may not be adequate, as the Cerrado in the state of Bahia is predominantly characterized by sandy soils and little rainfall than the other areas of this biome, showing peculiar characteristics regarding the behavior of nitrogen in the soil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen doses on the morphological characteristics, yield and quality of beans in the common beans crop in the Cerrado in the State of Bahia. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Barreiras, State of Bahia (BA), in a randomized block design, consisting of five nitrogen doses (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1) and four replications. The morphological attributes, grain yield and dry biomass and the physical and chemical quality of the grains were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the test of Tukey at 5% and regression analysis was performed to assess the effects of N doses on the variables. Regarding morphology, the highest nitrogen doses had a positive influence on stem diameter and number of leaves. The maximum efficiency dose was 63 kg ha-1 with productivity of 2,889.6 kg ha-1 of grains, while the maximum dose of 240 kg ha-1 increased the protein content in grains by 46% in relation to the absence of nitrogen fertilization

Estabelecimento inicial de plântulas de Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão em diferentes substrato

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o crescimento inicial de plântulas de M. urundeuva estabelecidas em diferentes substratos. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Sementes e no Viveiro de Mudas da Universidade Estadual da Bahia (UNEB), Barreiras, BA. As sementes foram coletadas de árvores daquela universidade. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos T1: solo; T2: areia; T3: solo + areia + esterco; T4: casca de madeira; T5: bagaço de cana-de-açúcar + esterco; e T6: bagaço de cana-de-açúcar + esterco + cinzas. A semeadura foi realizada em bandejas plásticas, com diferentes substratos, utilizando-se 20 sementes, colocadas a uma profundidade de 1,0 cm. Foram avaliados o índice de velocidade de emergência (%), a altura da parte aérea e da radícula, o comprimento das plântulas e das folhas, o número de folhas e as massas verde e seca da parte aérea e da radícula. Plântulas estabelecidas utilizando casca de madeira como substratos obtiveram melhores resultados quanto ao número e comprimento das folhas, altura da parte aérea e massa verde e seca da parte aérea. Em contraste, os percentuais de índice de velocidade de emergência obtiveram os piores resultados em plântulas estabelecidas em substratos com casca de madeira. Os resultados de radículas não diferiram entre as plântulas estabelecidas com os diferentes substratos. Os substratos contendo composto de casca de madeira ou bagaço de cana + esterco forneceram as melhores condições para o crescimento inicial de plântulas de M. urundeuva

Viabilidade do Mercado de Tilápias Através do Comportamento do Consumidor Final do Município de Barreiras, Oeste da Bahia

Este estudo contempla, dentro do contexto do agronegócio, a problemática do último elo da Cadeia de Produção Agroindustrial da Tilápia na cidade de Barreiras: o consumidor final, analisando-se o seu comportamento através do diagnóstico do perfil por intermédio da pesquisa mercadológica. A amostra foi definida com base em amostragem não-probabilística intencional onde se obtém os sujeitos-tipos, ou seja, compradores de carnes que irão caracterizar todo o universo da população local. Diante dos resultados obtidos, o mercado de tilápia na cidade de Barreiras apresenta viabilidade constatada desde que haja uma utilização adequada de ações mercadológicas que visem prioritariamente a estruturação da cadeia produtiva local enfatizando a obtenção de um produto final com as características preteridas pelo consumidor disposto a adquirir o produto com os atributos desejáveis diagnosticados nesse estudo.</p

Chemical constituents from Bakeridesia pickelii Monteiro (Malvaceae) and the relaxant activity of kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-(6"-E-p -coumaroyl) glucopyranoside on guinea-pig ileum

The phytochemical investigation of Bakeridesia pickelii Monteiro led to the isolation of seven compounds: beta-sitosterol, a mixture of sitosteryl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and stigmasteryl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (isoquercitrin) and kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-(6"-E-p -coumaroyl) glucopyranoside (tiliroside), which was isolated as the major component. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data such as IR, ¹H and 13C NMR, including two-dimensional techniques. Tiliroside relaxed the guinea-pig ileum pre-contracted with KCl 40 mM (EC50 = 9.5 &plusmn; 1.0 x 10-5 M), acetylcholine 10-6 M (EC50 = 2.3 &plusmn; 0.9 x 10-5 M) or histamine 10-6 M (EC50 = 4.1 &plusmn; 1.0 x 10-5 M) in a concentration-dependent manner