Design of an optimized fully submerged point absorber in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Joinville. Engenharia Naval.A energia das ondas oceânicas tem uma capacidade significativa para contribuir para o futuro da geração de energia, do qual o sul do Brasil possui uma valiosa quantidade de recursos de ondas. Baseado nisto, este trabalho inicia com a avaliação dos recursos das ondas no estado de Santa Catarina. Posteriormente, otimiza a extração de energia de um Absorvedor pontual otimizado totalmente submerso, através da seleção da melhor configuração de tomada de força. A metodologia adotada neste trabalho, modela a física do Absorverdor pontual no domínio do Espectro, que é relativamente novo no campo de energia das ondas, e compara com as simulações no domínio do tempo disponíveis na literatura. Vários estudos de sensibilidade são realizados em ondas regulares e, posteriormente, em ondas irregulares para investigar o desempenho do conversor de energia da onda e selecionar o melhor projeto. O resultado final indica que um mecanismo de tomada de força fixo com uma rigidez de 67,5 kN/m e amortecimento de 67,8 kN.s/m fornece 18,7 kW de potência por Absorvedor pontual, resultando em uma solução adequada para a extração de energia em Imbituba, Santa Catarina.Ocean wave energy has a significant capacity to contribute to the future of power generation, of which the south of Brazil possesses a valuable amount of wave resources. In this regards, this work initiates with the assessment of the wave resources in the state of Santa Catarina. Subsequently, it optimizes the power extraction of an optimized fully submerged Point Absorber, through the selection of the best power take-off configuration. The methodology adopted in this work, model the physics of Point Absorber in the Spectrum domain, which is relatively new in the wave energy field, and compares the model with time domain simulations available in the literature. Several sensitivity studies are conducted in regular waves, and posteriorly in irregular waves to investigate the wave energy converter performance and select the best design. The final result indicates that a fixed Power Take-off mechanism with a stiffness of 67.5 kN/m and damper of 67.8 kN.s/m provides 18.7kW of power per Point Absorber, resulting in a reasonable solution for the power extraction in Imbituba, Santa Catarina

Identificación de áreas desertificadas y preservadas en una unidad de conservación en el Estado de Paraíba - Brasil

The objective of this study is to identify and analyse the main characteristics of areas potentially degraded by desertification and of preserved areas using the Soil Surface Moisture Index (SSMI), alongside the Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The study is based on a set of points obtained in the field and from the RGB false colour image for the Environmental Protection Areas (EPA) of the Cariri, in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, using a space-time cross-section covering both rainy and dry periods. The results showed that at all points in Desertified Areas, the main characteristics were a low SSMI, high LST and low NDVI in both periods. The Preserved Areas, on the other hand, presented a high SSMI, moderate LST and high NDVI in the rainy period, with the same characteristics repeated in the dry period for SSMI and NDVI, but with a low LST. Timely identification of these characteristics, both in areas degraded by desertification and in better preserved areas, can provide useful information for future decisions relating to the physical and territorial management of the Conservation Unit.El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y analizar las principales características de áreas potencialmente degradadas por desertificación y de áreas preservadas. Para ello se utilizaron el Índice de Humedad Superficial del Suelo (IHSS), junto con la Temperatura de la Superficie de la Tierra (TS) y el Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (IVDN). El estudio está basado en un conjunto de puntos obtenidos en el campo y en la composición de la imagen de falso color RGB para el Área de Protección Ambiental (APA) del Carirí, en la región semiárida de Paraíba, utilizando un corte espacio-temporal que abarca la estación lluviosa y seca. Los resultados mostraron que en todos los puntos de las Áreas Desertificadas las principales características fueron el IHSS bajo, TS alto y IVDN bajo en ambos períodos. Las Áreas Preservadas, por su parte, presentaron IHSS alto, TS moderado e IVDN alto en la época de lluvias, con las mismas características repetidas en el periodo seco para IHSS y IVDN, pero con TS bajo. La identificación puntual de estas características, tanto en áreas degradadas por desertificación como en las más conservadas, puede aportar información útil para la toma de decisiones futuras relacionadas con la gestión territorial y física de la Unidad de Conservación

Interactions between firms and universities in an immature system of innovation: a survey of industrial R&D-performers firms in Minas Gerais, Brazil

This paper presents preliminary results from a survey of R&D-performer industrial firms located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The inspiration for this research comes from the Yale Survey (Klevorick et all, 1995) and from the Carnegie Mellon Survey (Cohen et all, 2002), for these Surveys are groundwork for the study of interactions between universities and firms. The objective of this Minas Gerais Survey (MG Survey, henceforth) is the investigation of specific characteristics of the interaction between universities and firms in an 'immature national system of innovation'. The first section summarizes the theoretical questions putted forward by this investigation, specially the role of universities in immature NSIs. The second section investigates the Brazilian NSI using data from the IBGE’s PINTEC, focusing the R&D performer firms in Brazil and the importance of universities and public research institutes as source of knowledge for industrial innovation. This second section presents data that highlight the position of Minas Gerais in the Brazilian NSI and helps to define the MG Survey research universe. The third section summarizes the issues involved in the adaptation of the Yale and the Carnegie Mellon questionnaires to the Brazilian reality and in the identification of the R&D-performer firms in Minas Gerais. The fourth section presents the MG Survey results. The fifth section concludes the paper.systems of innovations, interactions between science and technologies

Pontes entre famílias e acolhidos: reintegração familiar e adoção de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência

The study aimed to describe the perception of caregivers and the role of professionals in the process of family reintegration and adoption of children and adolescents with disabilities in a host institution in Belém/PA. Ten family members of five children and three professionals from the technical team participated. The data were collected during the execution of the Pontes Project, by means of recording in a field diary, and the analysis was carried out with the content analysis technique using the software Iramuteq (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires). The main findings showed the importance of the families being monitored by the technical team for the process of family reintegration and adoption.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la percepción de los cuidadores y el rol de los profesionales en el proceso de reinserción familiar y adopción de niños, niñas y adolescentes con discapacidad en una institución de acogida. La investigación se llevó a cabo en una institución que acoge a niños y adolescentes con discapacidad en la ciudad de Belém/PA. Participaron diez familiares de cinco acogidos y tres profesionales del equipo técnico. Los datos fueron recogidos durante la ejecución del Proyecto Pontes, mediante el registro en un diario de campo, y el análisis se realizó mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido y utilizando el software Iramuteq (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires). Los principales hallazgos mostraron la importancia del seguimiento de las familias por parte del equipo, como fundamental para el proceso de reintegración y adopción familiar.O estudo teve como objetivo descrever a percepção de cuidadores e o papel de profissionais no processo de reintegração familiar e adoção de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência em uma instituição de acolhimento de Belém/PA. Participaram dez familiares de cinco acolhidos e três profissionais da equipe técnica. Os dados foram coletados durante a execução do Projeto Pontes, por meio de registro em diário de campo, e a análise foi realizada por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo mediante a aplicação do software IRaMuTeQ (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires). Os principais achados demonstraram a importância do acompanhamento das famílias por parte da equipe técnica para o processo de reintegração familiar e adoção

Spots of interaction: an investigation on the relationship between firms and universities in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Spots of interaction summarize the nature of partial connections (between science and technology) operating in the Brazilian system of innovation. A pilot study in Minas Gerais, Brazil, uses two new research tools (for immature NSIs) and presents a database with research groups located in universities and a database built upon an adapted version of the pioneering Yale and Carnegie Mellon Surveys. These complementary databases identify spots of interaction, indicating how economic sectors use specific science and engineering fields. This investigation identifies a dual role of universities in immature NSIs, as substitutes and/or complements firms R&D.systems of innovation, underdevelopment, interactions between science and technology, surveys, universities

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE TIME IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PARTICLEBOARDS

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of three different temperatures and pressing times, near of industrial conditions, on the properties of experimental panels produced in the laboratory. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of three different temperatures and pressing times, near of industrial conditions, on the properties of experimental panels produced in the laboratory. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of three different temperatures and pressing times, near of industrial conditions, on the properties of experimental panels produced in the laboratory. The increase in the pressing time did not significantly affect the physical properties of the panels but improved their mechanical properties. The increase in the pressing temperature reduced the mechanical properties of the panels

Health education and self-care actions as determinants for cancer prevention and control

Objective: identifying the scientific literature on health education and self-care actions such as prevention and cancer control strategy. Method: an integrative review of the literature using the Lilacs and Scielo data for the period 2003 to 2013. Results: after analyzing the 22 articles selected, four thematic categories emerged: health education as a means of cancer prevention, self-care practices in cancer prevention, education campaigns about cancer and knowledge of cancer prevention. Conclusion: the number of new cases of cancer increased significantly due to the longer life expectancy of the population and also due to the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in their formation, making it important to the action of the nurse as an educator in the prevention and control of disease through guidelines about self-care actions

Combining functional traits and phylogeny to disentangling Amazonian butterfly assemblages on anthropogenic gradients

Environmental gradients consist of sequential changes in the physical and structural characteristics of a region. These allow us to follow species responses and tolerances under different habitat conditions. Among them, forest fragmentation and succession comprise the most common examples of forest gradients, where organismal responses require distinct morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations. However, environmental changes can impose ecological and evolutionary constraints that act on species traits, as well as on local species assemblies through their phylogenetic history. In this study, we evaluated the differences in species distribution and composition on fruit-feeding butterfly assemblages along forest fragmentation and succession gradients. We combine functional and phylogenetic methods for determining butterfly assemblages, and inferred species resistance and resilience according to habitat changes in tropical forests. We used a database of 471 fruit-feeding butterflies of 60 species sampled from different environments in the central Amazon rainforest. A total of 13 functional traits were measured, and a phylogenetic tree was obtained for the sampled species. The trait–environment relationship was analyzed along both forest fragmentation and succession gradients, controlling for phylogenetic signal on species distribution and functional composition when necessary. Several traits presented phylogenetic signal, and phylogeny was also driving butterfly species distribution along the successional gradient. After controlling for phylogeny, individual characteristics related to flight speed (thoracic weight) and antipredatory strategies (camouflage) increased in early-successional forests, with large butterflies (body length) prevailing in primary forests. No clear functional and phylogenetic pattern was identified for the fragmentation gradient. Our results are consistent with the idea that butterflies may be employing distinct functional strategies to attenuate habitat change effects. Larger butterflies, with lower dispersal ability, are preferentially susceptible to local extinctions in the early-successional environments, mainly when forested habitat and its resources become spatially restricted. In addition, several anti-predatory strategies related to conspicuous colors may be losing their functionality in open areas, where not being distinctive against the background becomes the primary defense against predation

Resistência de Aedes aegypti ao temefós e desvantagens adaptativas

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the resistance of Aedes aegypti to temephos Fersol 1G (temephos 1% w/w) associated with the adaptive disadvantage of insect populations in the absence of selection pressure. METHODS A diagnostic dose of 0.28 mg a.i./L and doses between 0.28 mg a.i./L and 1.40 mg a.i./L were used. Vector populations collected between 2007 and 2008 in the city of Campina Grande, state of Paraíba, were evaluated. To evaluate competition in the absence of selection pressure, insect populations with initial frequencies of 20.0%, 40.0%, 60.0%, and 80.0% resistant individuals were produced and subjected to the diagnostic dose for two months. Evaluation of the development of aquatic and adult stages allowed comparison of the life cycles in susceptible and resistant populations and construction of fertility life tables. RESULTS No mortality was observed in Ae. aegypti populations subjected to the diagnostic dose of 0.28 mg a.i./L. The decreased mortality observed in populations containing 20.0%, 40.0%, 60.0%, and 80.0% resistant insects indicates that temephos resistance is unstable in the absence of selection pressure. A comparison of the life cycles indicated differences in the duration and viability of the larval phase, but no differences were observed in embryo development, sex ratio, adult longevity, and number of eggs per female. CONCLUSIONS The fertility life table results indicated that some populations had reproductive disadvantages compared with the susceptible population in the absence of selection pressure, indicating the presence of a fitness cost in populations resistant to temephos.OBJETIVO Avaliar a resistência de Aedes aegypti ao temefós Fersol 1G (temefós 1% p/p) quanto à desvantagem adaptativa ao inseto, na ausência de pressão de seleção. MÉTODOS Foi aplicada a dose diagnóstica de 0,28 mg i.a/L e concentrações entre 0,28 mg i.a/L e 1,4 mg i.a/L. Foram avaliadas amostras do vetor coletadas no município de Campina Grande entre 2007 e 2008, no estado da Paraíba. Para avaliar a competição na ausência de pressão de seleção, foram constituídos grupos de insetos com frequências iniciais de 20,0%, 40,0%, 60,0% e 80,0% de insetos resistentes, submetendo-os a dose diagnóstica por dois meses. Os ciclos de vida das populações suscetível e resistentes foram comparados avaliando-se as fases de desenvolvimento aquática e adulta, construindo-se tabelas de vida de fertilidade. RESULTADOS Não foram verificadas mortalidades nas populações de Ae. aegypti quando submetidas à dose diagnóstica de 0,28 mg i.a./L. A diminuição da mortalidade nas populações com 20,0%, 40,0%, 60,0% e 80,0% de indivíduos resistentes indica que a resistência ao temefós é instável na ausência de pressão de seleção. A comparação do ciclo de vida mostrou diferenças na duração da fase e viabilidade larval, mas não quanto ao desenvolvimento embrionário, razão sexual, longevidade dos adultos e número de ovos/fêmea. CONCLUSÕES Pelos parâmetros da tabela de vida de fertilidade constatou-se que algumas populações apresentaram desvantagens reprodutivas em relação à população suscetível na ausência de pressão de seleção, havendo custo adaptativo resultante da resistência ao temefós