Partition of the P excreted in the faeces and urine of growing pigs, fed with diets containing different levels of Phytase enzyme

This study had as purpose to evaluate the partition of P excreted in the faeces and urine of growing pigs fed with diets containing different levels of inclusion of phytase enzyme, through the use of radioisotope P-32.). Twenty pigs crossbred barrows were evaluated in a randomized block design experiment, with five treatments, 0; 250; 500; 750 and 1000PUkg diet, and four replicates. The animals were kept in metabolic cages for a 10-day adaptation period and seven days for total collection of feces and urine. Blood samples were taken for five days. On the first day of the collection period each animal was injected intravenously with 7.4MBq 32P phytase. The use of Phytase in diets for pigs provides reduction of P total and soluble excreted in the feces. On diets for growing pigs containing corn and soybean meal, you can reduce by 50% of the supplementation of the dicalcium phosphates, adding 500UF/kg diet, without causing damage to animal physiological system.Este estudo teve como propósito avaliar a partição do P excretados nas fezes e urina de suínos em fase de crescimento, alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de inclusão de enzima fitase, através do uso do radioisótopo P-32. Foram utilizados 20 suínos, machos castrados, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos - 0; 250; 500; 750 e 1000UF/kg da ração - e quatro repetições. Os animais foram alojados em gaiolas metabólicas por 17 dias, sendo dez dias para adaptação e sete dias para coleta de fezes e urina. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas por cinco dias. No primeiro dia da fase experimental, cada animal recebeu por via endovenosa uma solução radioativa com 7,4MBq de 32P. O uso de fitase em dietas para suínos proporciona redução do P total e solúvel excretados nas fezes. Pode-se reduzir em 50% a suplementação de P por fosfato bicálcico nas dietas para suínos em crescimento, adicionando 500UF/kg de dieta, sem provocar prejuízos ao sistema fisiológicos dos animais.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteUniversidade Federal de LavrasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaUNIFESP, Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaSciEL

Cashew bagasse bran in qualitative feed restriction for finishing pigs

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos do farelo do bagaço de caju (FBC) como ingrediente de rações em programas de restrição alimentar sobre as características da carcaça, qualidade da carne, peso dos órgãos e morfometria intestinal de suínos machos castrados e fêmeas. Foram utilizados vinte e quatro suínos mestiços (machos castrados e fêmeas) com peso médio inicial de 57,93 ± 3,67 kg/PV. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados em um esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo três níveis (0%, 15% e 30% de FBC), dois sexos e quatro repetições. Totalizando 24 parcelas. Os tratamentos foram compostos por uma dieta basal (DB), contendo milho, farelo de soja e núcleo comercial para suínos em terminação, sendo suplementada com diferentes níveis de FBC. No final do período experimental os animais foram abatidos para a avaliação da carcaça, qualidade da carne, Peso Absoluto (PA) e Peso Relativo (PR) dos órgãos e estudo morfométrico de fragmento do intestino delgado. A inclusão de FBC nas dietas não afetou a qualidade das carcaças das fêmeas, mas interferiu positivamente nas carcaças dos machos castrados, aumentando o rendimento de carne na carcaça resfriada e reduzindo a espessura de toucinho, sem afetar o perfil dos ácidos graxos. Observou-se aumento do peso dos órgãos e volume parcial da mucosa absortiva (Vv) das fêmeas. Quando se comparou os resultados entre sexo, os machos apresentaram maior peso do fígado e densidade de superfície da mucosa absortiva (Sv). Neste contexto, o FBC apresentou-se como um ingrediente a ser utilizado em programas de restrição alimentar qualitativa para suínos na fase de terminação.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of cashew bagasse bran (CBB) as food ingredient in qualitative feed restriction programs on the carcass traits, meat quality, organs weight and intestinal morphometry of barrows and gilts. Twenty – four crossbred pigs were used (12 barrows and 12 gilts) with an average initial body weight of 57.93 ± 3.67 kg/LW. The experimental designs was in randomized blocks 3x2 factorial arrangement with three level (0%, 15% e 30% CBB), two genders (barrows and gilts) and four repetition. A total of twenty-four instalments. The treatments were composed of basal diet (BD) formulated with corn, soybean meal and commercial base mix for finishing pigs, being containing different levels of CBB. At the end of the trial period the animals were slaughtered for the evaluation of the meat quality, traits carcass, Absolute Weight (AW) and Relative Weight (RW) of the organs and morphometric study of small intestine fragment. The inclusion of (CBB) in the diets did not affect the traits carcass of gilts, but interfered in the traits carcass of the barrow positively, increasing the yield of meat into cold carcass and reducing the thickness of subcutaneous fat, without affecting the fatty acid profile. However, we observed increased weight of organs and partial volume of absortiva mucosa of gilts. In the comparison between sex was observed a greater liver weight (AW) and (RW), and surface density of absortiva mucosa of barrow. The use of CBB was considered as ingredient to be used in programs of qualitative feed restriction for finishing pigs

Restrição alimentar qualitativa para suínos em fase de terminação sobre a qualidade da carne e perfil de ácidos graxos

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of including cashew bagasse bran (CBB) as a food ingredient in qualitative feed restriction programs on the carcass traits and meat quality of barrows and gilts. Twenty–four crossbred pigs (12 barrows and 12 gilts) were used, with an average initial body weight of 57.93 ± 3.67 kg/LW. The experimental design was a randomized block 3x2 factorial arrangement with three levels (0%, 15% and 30% CBB), two sexes (barrows and gilts) and four repetitions. The treatments were composed of the basal diet (BD) formulated with corn, soybean meal and a commercial base mix for finishing pigs, to which different levels of CBB were added. At the end of the trial period, the animals were slaughtered for the evaluation of the meat quality and carcass traits. The inclusion of CBB in the diets did not affect the carcass traits of the gilts but affected the carcass traits of the barrow positively, increasing theyield of meat in the chilled carcass and reducing the thickness of subcutaneous fat. In the longissimus dorsi muscle and in the adipose tissue of the pigs, the myristic (C14:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), linolenic (C18:3) and arachidonic (C20:4) fatty acids were evaluated, and no effect was observed (P > 0.05) from the levels of CBB in the diets. In the comparisons between the sexes, a greater concentration of C20:4 fatty acid was observed in the carcass of the gilts. In this context, CBB was considered for use as a feed ingredient in programs of qualitative feed restriction for finishing pigs.Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos do farelo do bagaço de caju (CBB) como ingrediente de rações em programas de restrição alimentar sobre as características da carcaça e da qualidade da carne de suínos machos castrados e fêmeas. Foram utilizados vinte e quatro suínos mestiços (12 machos castra dos e 12 fêmeas) com peso médio inicial de 57,93 ± 3,67 kg/PV. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados em um esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo três níveis (0%, 15% e 30% de CBB), dois sexos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos por uma dieta basal (DB) formulada com milho, farelo de soja e núcleo comercial para suínos em terminação, contendo diferentes níveis de CBB. No final do período experimental os animais foram abatidos para a avaliação da carcaça e da qualidade de carne. A inclusão de CBB nas dietas não afetou a qualidade das carcaças das fêmeas, mas interferiu positivamente nas carcaças dos machos castrados, aumentando o rendimento de carne na carcaça resfriada e reduzindo a espessura de toucinho. Foram identificados no músculo Longissimus dorsi e no tecido adiposo das fêmeas e machos castrados os ácidos graxos Mirístico, C14:0; Palmitoléico, C16:1; Oléico, C18:1; Linoléico, C18:2; Linolênico C18:3 e Aracdônico C20:4, mas, não foram afetados (P > 0,05) pelos níveis de CBB nas dietas. Quando se comparou os resultados entre sexo, observou-se maior concentração do ácido graxo araquidônico na carcaça das fêmeas. Neste contexto, o CBB apresentou-se como ingrediente a ser utilizado em programas de restrição alimentar qualitativa para suínos na fase de terminação

Meat properties and fatty acid profile of swine fed cashew bagasse bran in qualitative food restriction program

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of qualitative dietary restriction diet on carcass characteristics, meat quality, fatty acid profile, and performance of finishing pigs fed diets containing cashew bagasse bran. Forty pigs (20 females and 20 males) with initial weight of 60.00±5.24 kg of body weight (BW) were used. The diets were formulated with corn, soybean meal, cashew bagasse bran, vegetable oil, and mineral and vitamin mixture for finishing pigs. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments and four replicates, with two animals per experimental unit, one of each sex. Parameters related to performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acids profiles were used. The treatments used in the experiment did not affect feed intake and daily weight gain; however, in relation to feed conversion, a linear effect was observed with the increase of cashew bagasse bran levels in the diet. The same effects were also observed in carcass yield, backfat thickness, and fat area. The meat:fat ratio increased linearly with the increase of fiber in the diet. The level of 22.5% of cashew bagasse bran in finishing pig diets is recommended

Finishing swine fed cashew bagasse bran

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the digestibility of cashew bagasse bran as well as the performance of swine fed diets with different levels of inclusion of this by-product and their economic viability. In the digestibility trial, ten crossbred barrows weighing 60±6.86 kg were housed in metabolic cages. Five received standard feed and five received test feed with 300 g kg−1 cashew bagasse bran included. For the performance and economic viability study, forty crossbred pigs weighing 60±5.24 kg were allotted in a randomized block design with five treatments (0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 g kg−1 inclusion of cashew bagasse bran) and four replications. Daily feed intake, daily gain, feed conversion, partial gross income with and without allowance index, and partial net income with and without allowance index were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression analysis. The treatment with 75 g kg−1 cashew bagasse bran provided the best results. Cashew bagasse bran can be included in the diet of finishing pigs up to the level of 300 g kg−1 without adversely affecting animal performance

Meat properties and fatty acid profile of swine fed cashew bagasse bran in qualitative food restriction program

<div><p>ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of qualitative dietary restriction diet on carcass characteristics, meat quality, fatty acid profile, and performance of finishing pigs fed diets containing cashew bagasse bran. Forty pigs (20 females and 20 males) with initial weight of 60.00±5.24 kg of body weight (BW) were used. The diets were formulated with corn, soybean meal, cashew bagasse bran, vegetable oil, and mineral and vitamin mixture for finishing pigs. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments and four replicates, with two animals per experimental unit, one of each sex. Parameters related to performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acids profiles were used. The treatments used in the experiment did not affect feed intake and daily weight gain; however, in relation to feed conversion, a linear effect was observed with the increase of cashew bagasse bran levels in the diet. The same effects were also observed in carcass yield, backfat thickness, and fat area. The meat:fat ratio increased linearly with the increase of fiber in the diet. The level of 22.5% of cashew bagasse bran in finishing pig diets is recommended.</p></div