Uma abordagem baseada em redes neurais artificiais para computação de propriedades ópticas de cristais fotônicos

Orientadores: Hugo Enrique Hernández-Figueroa, Gilliard Nardel Malheiros SilveiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de ComputaçãoResumo: Esta tese aborda o emprego de processos baseados em redes neurais artificiais para computação de relações de dispersão e banda fotônica proibida de cristais fotônicos. A proposta objetiva prover um modelo de computação alternativo capaz de calcular rapidamente estas propriedades ópticas em relação às simulações eletromagnéticas convencionais. O modelo é baseado nas redes neurais artificiais Perceptron de Múltiplas Camadas e Máquinas de Aprendizado Extremo, que são projetadas para processarem dados geométricos e de materiais de cristais fotônicos e assim predizerem estas propriedades ópticas. Uma arquitetura simples de rede neural é proposta para permitir processos rápidos de treinamento. O modelo é testado em uma variedade de cristais fotônicos bi- and tri-dimensionais com arranjos, geometrias, e materiais diferentes, e sua capacidade de predição e desempenho de computação são avaliados em relação a um simulador eletromagnético bem estabelecido na comunidade de fotônicaAbstract: This thesis addresses the employment of Artificial Neural Network-based processes for computing dispersion relations and photonic bandgaps of photonic crystals. The proposal aims to provide an alternative computing model able to fastly calculate these optical properties regarding conventional electromagnetic simulations. The model is based on Multilayer Perceptron and Extreme Learning Machine Artificial Neural Networks, which are designed to process the geometric and material data of photonic crystals in order to predict such optical properties. A simple neural-network architecture is proposed for allowing fast training processes. The model is tested on a variety of bi- and tri-dimensional photonic crystals with different lattices, geometries, and materials, and its predicting capability and computing performance are evaluated in regard to a well-established electromagnetic simulator in photonic communityDoutoradoTelecomunicações e TelemáticaDoutor em Engenharia ElétricaCAPE

Simulation and Control of a Cyber-Physical System under IEC 61499 Standard

IEC 61499 standard provides an architecture for control systems using function blocks (FB), languages, and semantics. These devices can be interconnected and communicate with each other. Each device contains several resources and algorithms with a communication FB at the end, which can be created, configured, and deleted without affecting other resources. Physical element can be represented by a FB that encapsulates the functionality (data/events, process, return data/events) in a single module that can be reused and combined. This work presents a simplified implementation of a modular control system using a low-cost device. In the prototyping of the application, we use 4diac to control, model and validate the implementation of the system on a programmable logic controller. It is proved that this approach can be used to model and simulate a cyber-physical system as a single element or in a networked combination. The control models provide a reusable FB design.We acknowledge the financial support of CIDEM, R&D unit funded by FCT – Portuguese Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education, under the Project UID/EMS/0615/2019, and it was supported by FCT, through INEGI and LAETA, under project UIDB/50022/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Escritos de Comunidades Novas Católicas e as religiões de matrizes africanas em sala de aula: violências religiosas

This work deals with religious questions in the educational field, considering that, since Brazil is open to religious plurality in its constitution, it usually brings with it problems regarding the students' belonging to the confession of their beliefs, or even the acceptance of the other, if this belief is different of what is considered the standard. This is most evident if we take the religions of African matrices as the basis - namely, for this research, Umbanda and Candomblé - establishing a scenario of rejection by the stereotype created, in social scope, from some religious segments, being ours object of analysis a Christian, Catholic movement, coming from the bosom of Catholic Charismatic Pentecostalism: the New Communities. . This research has a qualitative character, where written sources of the Shalom and Canção Nova Catholic Communities were analyzed, both being a reference in this Catholic environment, in contrast to the guidelines of the documents generated by law 10.639 / 03, on the valorization of Afro-Brazilian culture On education. The writings that depart from these cited Catholic communities provoke a look of prejudice and discrimination in relation to the beliefs of African matrices focused in this study. We understand that a greater deepening by teachers in the cases involving Law nº 10.639 / 2003 is necessary to become agents in compliance with the legislation, in favor of affirmative actions multicultural, open to interreligious dialogue, in which the school community is the biggest beneficiary in this process.Este trabalho versa sobre questões religiosas no campo educacional, considerando que, sendo o Brasil aberto à pluralidade religiosa em sua constituição, comumente traz problemáticas quanto ao pertencimento dos alunos na confissão de suas crenças, ou mesmo na aceitação do outro, se esta crença for diferente do que seja considerado como padrão. Isto fica mais evidente se tomarmos por base as religiões de matrizes africanas - a saber, para esta pesquisa, a Umbanda e o Candomblé - ficando estabelecido um cenário de rejeição pelo estereótipo criado, em âmbito social, a partir de alguns segmentos religiosos, sendo nosso objeto de análise um movimento cristão, católico, advindo do seio do pentecostalismo carismático católico: as Comunidades Novas. Esta pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo, onde foram analisadas fontes escritas das Comunidades Católicas Shalom e Canção Nova, as duas sendo referência neste ambiente católico, em contraste com as orientações dos documentos gerados a partir da lei 10.639/03, sobre valorização da cultura afro-brasileira na educação. Os escritos que partem destas comunidades católicas citadas provocam um olhar de preconceito e discriminação em relação às crenças de matrizes africanas enfocadas neste estudo. Entendemos que se faz necessário um aprofundamento maior por parte dos professores nas causas que envolvem a Lei nº 10.639/2003, para se tornarem agentes no cumprimento da legislação, em favor de ações afirmativas multiculturais, abertas ao diálogo inter-religioso, em que a comunidade escolar é a maior beneficiada nesse processo

Terminality Advance Directives and Nursing Practice in Brazil: Bioethical Issues

Advance directives (ADs) are understood as the act of deciding what care the patient wants to receive in the period before death. Preserving the patient’s autonomy by choosing his care guarantees human dignity during the process of dying. In Brazil, life expectancy and supportive technologies have increased, leading to growth of the number of terminally ill patients. However, there is still no legislation regulating ADs causing legal uncertainty in health professionals. Nursing professionals have the support of the Federal Nursing Council to respect the ADs, but, because it is an issue little explored, nursing professionals do not feel safe in the use of ADs, and changes in the curricula of the undergraduate courses in nursing are extremely needed, ensuring that patients have their wishes met during the dying process. Thus, this chapter deals with bioethical and legal issues involving ADs and nursing in the Brazilian context, proposing to deepen reflection and criticism on the issue and subsidies for decision-making

IEC 61499 REPLICATION FOR FAULT TOLERANT SYSTEM

The IEC 61499 was developed thinking about the new generation of distributed control and automation systems. This provides essential resources for the development of distributed systems such as encapsulation, portability and reconfiguration. In this sense, and to ensure confidence in the operation should be implemented fault tolerance techniques dealing with hardware failures and errors off software associated with us where the distributed application runs. In this paper, we propose an approach to deal with failures in distributed systems tolerance problems, based on a replication model based on replication software/hardware as a means to achieve confidence in the operation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impacto da falta de peças de reposição na eficiência da produção: Uma análise com o indicador OEE

Nowadays, with changes in the world scenario in the midst of globalization, the emergence of new technologies and new forms of organization have been driving companies to become more competitive, to redesign their strategies and operations processes, especially with efficient use of all its resources. Maintenance management is fundamental in this process in order to maintain the proper functioning of production processes. Previous studies on the efficiency analysis through indicators have investigated the application of the OEE (Overal Equipment Eficient) indicator in several contexts. The objective of this research was to analyze the impact of the lack of spare parts on the production efficiency using as metric the OEE indicator. For that, a case study was carried out in a chemical company that uses industrial operations in a continuous way. The results indicated that the lack of an essential part for the operation of a machine impaired the entire productive chain in which it is inserted.Nos dias atuais, com as mudanças no cenário mundial em meio à globalização, o surgimento de novas tecnologias e novas formas de organização vêm impulsionando as empresas a se tornarem mais competitivas, a reformularem as suas estratégias e processos de operações, principalmente com a utilização eficiente de todos os seus recursos. A gestão da manutenção é fundamental neste processo para que se mantenha o funcionamento adequado dos processos de produção. Estudos anteriores sobre a análise de eficiência por meio de indicadores investigaram a aplicação do indicador OEE (Overal Equipment Eficient) em diversos contextos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o impacto da falta de peças de reposição na eficiência da produção utilizando como métrica o indicador OEE. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma empresa do segmento químico que utiliza operação industrial de forma contínua. Os resultados indicaram que a falta de uma peça essencial para o funcionamento de uma máquina prejudicou toda a cadeia produtiva na qual ela está inserida

Reliability of Replicated Distributed Control Systems Applications Based on IEC 61499

The use of industrial and domestic equipment is increasingly dependent on computerized control systems. This evolution awakens in the users the feeling of reliability of the equipment, which is not always achieved. However, system designers implement fault-tolerance methodologies and attributes to eliminate faults or any error in the system. Industrially, the increase in system reliability is achieved by the redundancy of control systems based on the replication of conventional and centralized programmable logic controllers. In distributed systems, reliability is achieved by replicating and distributing the most critical elements, leaving a single copy of the remaining components. On the other hand, given the nature of the distributed systems, it will also be necessary to ensure that the data set received by each of the replicas has the same order. Thus, any change in the order and data set received will result in different results, in each of the replicas, which may manifest in erroneous behavior. In this paper, the interactions and the erroneous behavior of the replicas are explained, depending on the data set received, in a fault tolerant distributed system. Its tendency, behavior and possible influences on reliability are presented, considering the failure rate and availability based on the mean time to failure.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio