Effects of job referrals on labor market outcomes in Brazil

This paper is the first to use program administrative data from Brazil’s National Employment System (SINE) to assess the impact of SINE job interview referrals on labor market outcomes. We use data from a five-year period (2012–16) to evaluate the impact of SINE job referrals on reemployment, time until reemployment, job tenure, and wage rates. Causal impact estimates based on propensity score matching suggest that a SINE job interview referral increases the probability of finding a job within three months of the referral and reduces the number of months needed to find reemployment, the average job tenure of the next job, and the reemployment wage. Subgroup analysis suggests that SINE is particularly effective at helping less educated workers find work in a timely fashion. Finally, the evidence suggests that the self-service online labor exchange is less effective than the in-person job interview referrals provided at SINE offices

Novedades en la interpretación arquitectónica de la villa Bajoimperial de El Saucedo (Talavera la Nueva, Toledo) y su reconstrucción virtual

En el yacimiento de El Saucedo se han podido detectar tres fases de ocupación: la primera (segunda mitad del siglo I d.C. último cuarto del siglo II), de la que no queda constancia de grandes estructuras arquitectónicas, solo materiales en un basurero. Tras un hiato o época de escasa vitalidad asistimos a una segunda fase (fines del siglo III-comienzos del IV d.C., en la que se edifica una villa). La tercera fase (fines del siglo V comienzos del VI d.C.), corresponde a una importante reforma de parte de la edificación existente, construyéndose una basílica de culto cristiano con piscina bautismal de planta cruciforme. El lugar sufrió un importante incendio en el primer decenio del siglo VIII d.C. que marca el abandono definitivo. En este trabajo, nos centramos en el análisis de la segunda fase de ocupación (siglos III-IV d.C.).In the archaeologicai site of El Saucedo three phases of occupation have been detected: The first one (second half of the 1st cent. AD), has yielded only materials flom a rubbish durnp but no notorious architectural remains. After a hiatus or period of little activity, we find a second phase (end of 3rd cent.-beginning of the 4th cent. AD) in which a villa was built. The third phase (end of 5th cent.-beginning of the 6th cent. AD) witnesses an important reform of part of the existing building, with the edification of a basilica for Christian cult with a cross-shaped baptismal pool. The place suffered a serious conflagration in the first decade of the 8th cent. AD, afier which it was definitively abandoned. In the present work, we focus on the second phase of occupation (3rd-4th cents. AD)

Heterogeneous Impacts on Layoffs of Changes in Brazilian Unemployment Insurance Eligibility Rules

This paper is based on the first use of program administrative data from Brazil’s unemployment insurance (UI) program to assess the impact of changes in UI eligibility criteria on layoff probabilities. We exploit exogenous program changes introduced by executive and legislative changes in 2015 to estimate impacts while accounting for the number of prior UI benefit requests. We estimate that changes in UI eligibility criteria had heterogeneous impacts distinguished by the number of prior benefit requests. We show that the 2015 changes in UI eligibility rules reduced layoffs and find evidence that the changes reduced collusion between workers and employers for layoffs because it became harder to extract subsidies from the UI system. The layoff reductions were greatest before workers\u27 second benefit request

The Effect of Job Referrals on Labor Market Outcomes in Brazil

This paper is the first to use program administrative data from Brazil’s National Employment System (SINE) to assess the impact of SINE job interview referrals on labor market outcomes. Data for a five-year period (2012–2016) are used to evaluate the impact of SINE on employment probability, wage rates, time until reemployment, and job tenure. Difference-in-differences estimates suggest that a SINE job interview referral increases the probability of finding a job within three months of the referral and reduces the number of months to find reemployment, the average job tenure of the next job, and the reemployment wage. Subgroup analysis suggests that compared to more educated workers, SINE is more effective in helping less educated workers by increasing their probability of finding a job and reducing time until reemployment. Finally, the evidence suggests that the online labor exchange is less effective than in-person services provided at SINE offices

Validated spectrofluorometric method for determination of gemfibrozil in self nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS)

A spectrofluorometric method has been developed and validated for the determination of gemfibrozil. The method is based on the excitation and emission capacities of gemfibrozil with excitation and emission wavelengths of 276 and 304 nm respectively. This method allows de determination of the drug in a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for improve its intestinal absorption. Results obtained showed linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (r(2)>0.999) and low limits of detection and quantification (LOD of 0.075 μg mL(-1) and LOQ of 0.226 μg mL(-1)) in the range of 0.2-5 μg mL(-1), equally this method showed a good robustness and stability. Thus the amounts of gemfibrozil released from SNEDDS contained in gastro resistant hard gelatine capsules were analysed, and release studies could be performed satisfactorily

IMPACTO DE LA ENDOMETRIOSIS EN LA CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LAS MUJERES CON ENDOMETRIOSIS. PROYECTO INTERNACIONAL PARA ARMONIZACIÓN DEL FENOTIPO CLÍNICO DE LA ENDOMETRIOSIS

La endometriosis es una enfermedad crónica en la edad fértil y muy heterogénea por su historia natural, evolución, extensión, progresión y espectro de síntomas tan diversos entre pacientes. Todo esto hace que no exista una buena herramienta de diagnóstico clínico y este se demore en ocasiones hasta diez años desde el inicio de los síntomas, lo que implica un difícil control de estos. Otra consecuencia de esta heterogeneidad es que las clasificaciones actuales por estadios no permiten obtener información sobre el grado de morbilidad de la paciente, el grado de afectación de la fertilidad o el pronóstico, en definitiva, es complicado correlacionar el grado de los síntomas con la gravedad de la enfermedad.Se trata además de una enfermedad, que por sus principales síntomas (dolor y esterilidad) y su cronicidad, tiene un fuerte impacto en la calidad de vida de las mujeres, afectando a su fertilidad, su capacidad de realizar actividad física, su productividad, sus relaciones sociales y sus relaciones sexuales, lo que implica un fuerte impacto psicológico. Para valorar algo tan subjetivo como la calidad de vida se han creado cuestionarios (EHP-30, EIQ, SEQoL o EPQ) específicos de endometriosis que evalúan el impacto de los síntomas en la calidad de vida de estas mujeres.El cuestionario EPQ surgió en 2014 a partir de un proyecto internacional llevado a cabo por el grupo “World Endometriosis Research Foundation” (WERF) y su objetivo no se limita a valorar la calidad de vida, si no que busca llegar a una estandarización de datos fenotípicos clínicos y epidemiológicos de las pacientes con endometriosis. Este proyecto pretende caracterizar “subpoblaciones” de pacientes y la propia enfermedad mediante una colaboración internacional. De este modo, se facilitaría la realización de estudios a gran escala para avanzar en la investigación de la enfermedad, tanto en un diagnóstico precoz como en el manejo de esta enfermedad que a pesar de no ser muy frecuente puede dejar secuelas importantes.<br /

Isolation and pathogenicity of Phytophthora species and Phytopythium vexans recovered from avocado orchards in the Canary Islands, including Phytophthora niederhauserii as a new pathogen of avocado

Root rot, caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, is the most important disease of avocado, but few studies have determined whether other Phytophthora or oomycete species are involved in crop decline. Avocado orchards in the Canary Islands were surveyed for the presence of Phytophthora and Phytophthora-like oomycetes. Isolates obtained were identified morphologically and by sequence analysis of their internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, and their pathogenicity was tested by root and stem inoculation of avocado seedlings. Phytophthora species were isolated in 41 of 99 orchards sampled, and 10% of orchards were infected with more than one species. The species most frequently isolated was P. cinnamomi, which was detected in 26 orchards. In addition, P. multivora (ten orchards), P. niederhauserii (four orchards), P. nicotianae (four orchards), P. palmivora (one orchard) and Phytopythium vexans (20 orchards) were isolated. Phytophthora nicotianae and P. palmivora have been previously reported as pathogens of avocado, but P. niederhauserii, P. multivora and Pp. vexans are reported for the first time to be associated with this host. Phytophthora niederhauserii was the most virulent of these species. It was isolated from declining trees, and root rot severity was comparable to that caused by P. cinnamomi in two independent pathogenicity tests. In addition, P. niederhauserii caused cankers after stem inoculation. The pathogenicity results for P. multivora and Pp. vexans varied depending on isolates and pathogenicity tests. This study increases the knowledge of oomycetes associated with avocado, highlighting the potential threat posed by P. niederhauserii to this important fruit crop