Prevention of dental caries: a review of effective treatments

The objective of this study is to review medical and non medical treatments for prevention of caries. A comprehensive literature search of the most relevant and updated published studies from 01/01/2002 through December 2015 in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases regarding the efficacy of strategies and treatments aiming to prevent the development of caries was performed selecting papers on the basis of the Evidence-based Medicine Criteria. We identified thirty systematic reviews on prevention of caries. Analyzing the data the retrieved literature, performance of prevention treatments seems to be high. Prevention treatments may have a relevant impact on the avoiding the development of caries planning

Cheese trademarks: Italian dairy firms’ practices during the 20th century

Trademarks have recently become a very useful sources for business historians. This longitudinal analysis of the twentieth-century trademarking activities of the most important Italian dairy firms of the era, namely Galbani, Invernizzi and Locatelli, demonstrates that trademarks were used both as a protective weapon against competitors and as an innovation carrier to open up new markets. This article also argues that trademark registrations had another dual purpose – not only were they used as buffers against negative shocks but they were also used to support periods of economic growth. A fundamental finding of this work is that trademarks, across various types of registrations, were closely connected to the features on which the companies based their sales strategies

Global Retailers and Competitive Customer Value

Global competition involves large retailers in a continuous development of their activity in relation to market stimula. In this regard efficient management of commercial functions, innovation of offer attributes and dynamic management of retailing mix allow large retailers to reformulate their offer creating competitive customer value