Rubber/crete: mechanical properties of scrap to reuse tire-derived rubber in concrete. A review

The recycling of waste tires is of paramount importance for the environment protection and for economic reasons too. The amount of scrapped tires in USA reached 550 million tires per year and it is still raising. In the EU even higher numbers are estimated reaching the value of 1 billion tires per year. Disused tires are transformed into wastes, causing a highly negative environmental impact. Tire disposal mainly involves highly polluting treatments (e.g. combustion processes for the production of fuel oil), while only a small percentage of waste (from 3% to 15%) is destined for less invasive treatments such as powdering. In this work we will see some previous study in which waste tire powder of different ranges used in combination with cement concrete mixture, providing a final product with suitable mechanical properties for the chosen engineering application. As results of previous work recorded that reaching a good compressive strength can be achieved through replacing 30% of powder tire with crush sand. First, the percentage of aggregation between crumb rubber and crushed sand increases the compressive strength will drop extremely. Second, aggregation replacement between crumb rubber and crushed sand lower than 30 % can show reduction in density at around 10% leading lower in its weight. Third, modulus of elasticity depends on the percentage of addition, the more rubber added to concrete the lesser it will be. In addition to that, the lower the toughness of concrete means the higher strength. Moreover; addition of rubber to concrete increases the toughness value of it (1)

Extrusion-based additive manufacturing of concrete products. Revolutionizing and remodeling the construction industry

Additive manufacturing is one of the main topics of the fourth industrial revolution; defined as Industry 4.0. This technology offers several advantages related to the construction and architectural sectors; such as economic; environmental; social; and engineering benefits. The usage of concrete in additive technologies allows the development of innovative applications and complexity design in the world of construction such as buildings; housing modules; bridges; and urban and domestic furniture elements. The aim of this review was to show in detail a general panoramic of extrusion-based additive processes in the construction sector; the main advantages of using additive manufacturing with the respect to traditional manufacturing; the fundamental requirements of 3D printable material (fresh and hardened properties), and state-of-the-art aesthetic and architectural projects with functional properties

Identidad e integración: Españoles musulmanes de origen sirio de Madrid

Este artículo presenta una investigación llevada a cabo en el año 2006. Desde la perspectiva de la ciencia de la Educación Comparada, tiene el objetivo de estudiar la identidad y la integración de los jóvenes de la segunda generación de sirios de Madrid. A través de una metodología cualitativa, con la entrevista en profundidad como pilar fundamental, pretendo realizar un acercamiento a la realidad cotidiana de estos jóvenes: ¿qué elementos incluyen o excluyen ellos a la hora de autodefinirse? El haber estado en un colegio árabe o el hecho de llevar pañuelo en el caso de las chicas ¿dificulta la convivencia en la sociedad en la que han nacido y crecido? Las respuestas a estas y otras preguntas las intento extraer de los discursos que producen los propios protagonistasThis article presents a research which was elaborated on 2006, from the perspective of the science of Comparative Education, with the main goal of study the identity and the integration of the Sirian second generation of Madrid. Through a qualitative methodology, with an in-depth interview as a basic pillar, we have tried to approach to the daily life of these young people: what are the elements which they have chosen to identify themselves? The factors like study in an Arabic school in Madrid or to wear headscarf, will they make difficult the coexistence with the society in which they have were born and grew up? The answers of these and other questions will be responded by the interviwee

Spanish non-governmental cooperation in Morocco and the construction of “Islamophobia” in International Relation

Este artículo redefine el concepto de “islamofobia” desde el marco teórico “decolonial” con el objeto de analizar cómo se produce la construcción de la misma en las Relaciones Internacionales. El estudio de caso que aborda este trabajo es el de los discursos de los técnicos de la cooperación no gubernamental española en Marruecos. Las dos hipótesis que muestra este estudio son, en primer lugar, que la “islamofobia” es generizada en tres sentidos: quién la produce, cómo se produce y sobre quién incide en mayor grado. En segundo lugar, que la “islamofobia” en las relaciones internacionales o en un nivel macro-político, pasa necesariamente por su construcción en el nivel micro-político y discursivo, en la construcción de las subjetividades de los individuos.This paper redefines the concept of Islamophobia from a decolonial perspective. The objective of this research is to analyze how islamophobia is built within international relations. The case study in this paper looks at the discourse of the technical Spanish non-governmental cooperation in Morocco. The two hypotheses resulting from this study are, primarily, that Islamophobia is produced in three ways: who produces it, how it occurs and who affects it to a major extent. Secondly, that Islamophobia in international relations or at a macro-political level, will necessarily be built in the micro-political and within the discursive construction of individual subjectivitie

Abnormal liver function tests as predictors of adverse maternal outcomes in women with preeclampsia.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether (1) the absolute magnitude of liver function test values, (2) the percentage change in liver function test values over time, or (3) the rate of change in liver function test values over time predicts adverse maternal outcomes in women with preeclampsia. METHODS: We used data from the PIERS (Pre-eclampsia Integrated Estimate of RiSk) study, a prospective multicentre cohort study assessing predictors of adverse maternal outcomes in women with preeclampsia. Women with at least one liver function test performed at the time of hospital admission were included. Liver functions were tested by serum concentrations of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin, total bilirubin, and the international normalized prothrombin time ratio. Parameters investigated were absolute levels, change within 48 hours of hospital admission, change from admission to delivery or outcome, and rate of change from admission to delivery or outcome of each liver function test. The ability of these parameters to predict adverse outcomes was assessed using logistic regression analyses and by calculating the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: Of the 2008 women, 1056 (53%) had at least one abnormal liver function test result. The odds of having an adverse maternal outcome were higher in women with any abnormal liver function test than in women with normal results. When test results were stratified into quartiles, women with results in the highest quartile (lowest quartile for albumin) were at higher risk of adverse outcomes than women in the lowest quartile for all parameters (highest for albumin). The absolute magnitude of AST, ALT, and LDH predicted adverse maternal outcomes (AST: ROC AUC 0.73 [95% CI 0.67 to 0.97]; ALT: ROC AUC 0.73 [95% CI 0.67 to 0.79]; LDH: ROC AUC 0.74 [95% CI 0.68 to 0.81]). Neither change of liver function test results, within 48 hours of admission or from admission to delivery or outcome, nor rate of change were predictive. CONCLUSION: We found abnormal liver function test results to be associated with an increased risk for adverse maternal outcomes. Levels of AST, ALT, and LDH were found to be modestly predictive of these outcomes

Nearest neighbor affinity scheduling in heterogeneous multi-core architectures

Asymmetric or heterogeneous multi-core (AMC) architectures have definite performance, performance per watt and fault tolerance advantages for a wide range of workloads. We propose a 16 core AMC architecture mixing simple and complex cores, and single and multiple thread cores of various power envelopes. A priority-based thread scheduling algorithm is also proposed for this AMC architecture. Fairness of this scheduling algorithm vis-a-vis lower priority thread starvation, and hardware and software requirements needed to implement this algorithm are addressed. We illustrate how this algorithm operates by a thread scheduling example. The produced schedule maximizes throughput (but is priority-based) and the core utilization given the available resources, the states and contents of the starting queues, and the threads' core requirement constraints. A simulation model simulates 6 scheduling algorithms which vary in their support of core affinity and thread migration. The simulation results that both core affinity and thread migration positively effect the completion time and that the nearest neighbor scheduling algorithm outperforms or is competitive with the other algorithms in all considered scenariosFacultad de Informátic