Knowledge and Skills of Emergency Care During Disaster for Community Health Volunteers: a Literature Review

Background: Nowadays, disaster preparedness and responses are essential for everyone to be involved since the disaster becomes increasing. The Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) in particular are the key partners required adequately prepared in emergency care during disaster event. Purpose: The study aims to examine the essential knowledge and skills of emergency care during natural disaster for CHVs. Method: The reviews published during 2000 and 2011 searching from PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, ProQuest Medical Library were conducted. Result: Twenty-four articles and documents related to community-based disaster preparedness programs were intensively reviewed. Based on the review, six components of knowledge and skills for emergency care in natural disaster for CHVs are required including 1) early warning, 2) disaster triage, 3) first aid, 4) search and rescue, 5) logistic and communication, and 6) team organizations. Conclusion: There was a few studies focusing on the emergency care in disaster management and some factors related to knowledge and skills were shown. It is therefore recommended that the current CHVs' knowledge and skills should be explored in order to assist people in their community following disaster event when professional responders are not immediately available to help

Communication Networks

Contains report on one research project.M.I. T. Vinton Hayes Fun

Mass spectrometric characterization of BCl3/SF6 plasmas

This is the published version. Copyright © 2000 American Institute of PhysicsSignificant increases in the etch rates of both GaAs and GaN have been observed with the addition of SF6 to BCl3plasmas. Mass spectrometric characterization of neutrals in these gas mixtures shows that increasing the SF6 percentage in the flow enhances the dissociation of BCl3, resulting in nearly 100% dissociation at 70% SF6. This increased dissociation is believed to be due to electron attachment heating. Both Cl and Cl2 mass intensities also maximize at 70% SF6. The detection of BClF and BCl2F suggest the possibility of reactions occurring between BCl and BCl2 radicals and fluorine, which may inhibit the recombination of Cl

Fine-grained access control framework for Igor, a unified access solution to the Internet of Things

With the growing popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT), devices in households and offices are becoming information sharing "smart" devices controlled via network connections. The growth of collection, handling and distribution of data generated by IoT devices presents ethical and privacy issues. Users have no control over what information is kept or revealed, the interpretation of data collected, data ownership and who can access specific information generated by their IoT devices. This paper describes an approach to data ethical/privacy issues related to IoT using a fine-grained access-control framework on Igor, a centralized home and office automation solution. We designed a capability-based access control framework on top of Igor that allows agents, either human or machine, to access and change only the data to which they are authorised. The applicability of this to the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) should be obvious. The implementation, expert evaluation and performance measurement results demonstrate that this is a promising solution for securing access to data generated by IoT devices

Molecular therapies and precision medicine for hepatocellular carcinoma

The global burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing and might soon surpass an annual incidence of 1 million cases. Genomic studies have established the landscape of molecular alterations in HCC; however, the most common mutations are not actionable, and only ~25% of tumours harbour potentially targetable drivers. Despite the fact that surveillance programmes lead to early diagnosis in 40–50% of patients, at a point when potentially curative treatments are applicable, almost half of all patients with HCC ultimately receive systemic therapies. Sorafenib was the first systemic therapy approved for patients with advanced-stage HCC, after a landmark study revealed an improvement in median overall survival from 8 to 11 months. New drugs — lenvatinib in the frontline and regorafenib, cabozantinib, and ramucirumab in the second line — have also been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes, although the median overall survival remains ~1 year; thus, therapeutic breakthroughs are still needed. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors are now being incorporated into the HCC treatment armamentarium and combinations of molecularly targeted therapies with immunotherapies are emerging as tools to boost the immune response. Research on biomarkers of a response or primary resistance to immunotherapies is also advancing. Herein, we summarize the molecular targets and therapies for the management of HCC and discuss the advancements expected in the near future, including biomarker-driven treatments and immunotherapies

Attenuation of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats using zerumbone

Zerumbone is a natural compound isolated from the fresh rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet. This bioactive compound has shown a chemo-preventive, anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities. This study examines the effect of zerumbone on the extent of tissue damage in cisplatininduced nephrotoxicity in rats. The rats received a single dose injection of 10 mg/kg cisplatin. Other groups of rats received zerumbone (100 and 200 mg/kg), corn oil or the vehicle, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) intraperitoneally for 4 days prior to cisplatin-injections. All animals were decapitated 16 h after cisplatin injection. Trunk blood was collected and analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine. Kidney tissue was kept for the quantification of malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. Histopathological investigations were carried out and the severity of lesions was scored to obtain quantitative data. Our study revealed that zerumbone reduced kidney damage and preserved renal functions as proved by microscopic observations and lesion scoring. The increased in kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with simultaneous glutathione (GSH) reduction in cisplatin treated group was attenuated by zerumbone (p < 0.05). It was concluded that zerumbone is beneficial in cisplatininducedrenal dysfunction and organ damage in rats possibly via the prevention of lipid per oxidation and preservation of antioxidant glutathione

Performance of a C4F8O Gas Radiator Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detector Using Multi-anode Photomultiplier Tubes

We report on test results of a novel ring imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detection system consisting of a 3 meter long gaseous C4F8O radiator, a focusing mirror, and a photon detector array based on Hamamatsu multi-anode photomultiplier tubes. This system was developed to identify charged particles in the momentum range from 3-70 GeV/c for the BTeV experiment.Comment: 28 pages, 23 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Method

Green Procurement Practices and Barriers in Furniture Manufacturing Companies

Lack of awareness is the most significant barrier to implementing green procurement practices among procurement managers. Procurement managers seldom consider the effects of procurement on the environment. This situation will cause many environmental problems such as carbon dioxide emissions, climate change, greenhouse effects, pollution, and deforestation. Hence, the purpose of this study is to identify the current practices of green procurement in furniture manufacturing companies. Additionally, this study intends to determine barriers to green procurement practices in furniture manufacturing companies. In this study, 118 procurement officers and managers were chosen randomly from furniture manufacturing companies in Batu Pahat, Johor. This study applied a quantitative method and utilized the Statistical Package Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0 to analyse the data from the responses of questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was employed to achieve the research objectives. The findings of this study have revealed that current practices of green procurement in furniture manufacturing companies include ensuring the safe, incoming movement of product to facilities, followed by ensuring that suppliers locations are operated in a safe manner. Meanwhile, the main barrier to green procurement practices is that procedures for the implementation of green procurement are time-consuming. This study is important for furniture manufacturing companies to use green procurement practices in their operation and production processes