8D likelihood effective Higgs couplings extraction framework in h → 4ℓ

We present an overview of a comprehensive analysis framework aimed at performing direct extraction of all possible effective Higgs couplings to neutral electroweak gauge bosons in the decay to electrons and muons, the so called ‘golden channel’. Our framework is based primarily on a maximum likelihood method constructed from analytic expressions of the fully differential cross sections for h → 4ℓ and for the dominant irreducible qq[bar] → 4ℓ background, where 4ℓ = 2e2μ, 4e, 4μ. Detector effects are included by an explicit convolution of these analytic expressions with the appropriate transfer function over all center of mass variables. Utilizing the full set of observables, we construct an unbinned detector-level likelihood which is continuous in the effective couplings. We consider possible ZZ, Zγ, and γγ couplings simultaneously, allowing for general CP odd/even admixtures. A broad overview is given of how the convolution is performed and we discuss the principles and theoretical basis of the framework. This framework can be used in a variety of ways to study Higgs couplings in the golden channel using data obtained at the LHC and other future colliders

Association of ABCC2 and CDDP-Resistance in Two Sublines Resistant to CDDP Derived from a Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Line

Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most active drugs to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. To further understand the mechanisms of CDDP-resistance in NPC, two CDDP-resistant sublines (CNE2-CDDP and CNE2-CDDP-5Fu) derived from parental NPC cell line CNE2 were established. It was found that at the IC50 level, the resistance of CNE2-CDDP and CNE2-CDDP-5Fu against CDDP was 2.63-fold and 5.35-fold stronger than that of parental CNE2, respectively. Of the four ABC transporters (ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2 and ABCG2) related to MDR, only ABCC2 was found to be elevated both in CDDP-resistant sublines, with ABCC2 located in nucleus of CNE2-CDDP-5Fu but not in CNE2-CDDP and parental CNE2. Further research showed that compared to untreated CNE2, the intracellular levels of CDDP were decreased by 2.03-fold in CNE2-CDDP and 2.78-fold in CNE2-CDDP-5Fu. After treatment with PSC833, a modulator of MDR associated transporters including ABCC2, the intracellular level of CDDP was increased in CDDP-resistant sublines, and the resistance to CDDP was partially reversed from 2.63-fold to 1.62-fold in CNE2-CDDP and from 5.35-fold to 4.62-fold in CNE2-CDDP-5Fu. These data indicate that ABCC2 may play an important role in NPC resistant to CDDP

A saúde mental é o fator mais importante que influencia a qualidade de vida de idosos deixados para trás quando as famílias emigram da China rural

OBJECTIVES: to investigate the quality of life and the associated factors on left behind elderly in rural China. METHOD: the research was conducted cluster sampling to select 456 elderly left behind when family members migrated out of rural China to participate in a cross-sectional study by completing a general data questionnaire and Quality of Life questionnaire. RESULTS: 91.5% of the elderly requested psychological counseling and education. For the elderly, scores for mental health (39.56±13.73) were significantly lower compared with Chinese standard data (61.6±13.7) (POBJETIVOS: investigar la calidad de vida y los factores asociados a los adultos mayores que se quedan en las zonas rurales de China. MÉTODO: la investigación se realizó por medio de muestreo por conglomerados para seleccionar 456 adultos mayores que se quedaron cuando los miembros de la familia emigraron de zonas rurales de China, para participar en un estudio de corte transversal, completando un cuestionario de datos generales y cuestionario de calidad de vida. RESULTADOS: el 91.5% de los adultos mayores solicitó asistencia psicológica y educación. Para los adultos mayores, las puntuaciones de salud mental (39.56±13.73) fueron significativamente más bajos en comparación con los datos estándar de China (61.6±13.7) (pOBJETIVOS: investigar a qualidade de vida e fatores associados de idosos deixados para trás na China rural. MÉTODO: foi realizada amostragem por conglomerado para selecionar 456 idosos deixados para trás quando os membros da família emigram da China rural. Este é um estudo transversal com preenchimento de um questionário de dados gerais e de qualidade de vida. RESULTADOS: 91,5% dos idosos convidados solicitaram aconselhamento e educação psicológicos. Para os idosos, os escores de saúde mental (39,56±13,73) foram significativamente menores em comparação aos dados padrões chineses (61,6±13,7) (

An Investigation of Hadronization Mechanism at Z0Z^{0} Factory

We briefly review the hadronization pictures adopted in the LUND String Fragmentation Model(LSFM), Webber Cluster Fragmentation Model(WCFM) and Quark Combination Model(QCM), respectively. Predictions of hadron multiplicity, baryon to meson ratios and baryon-antibaryon flavor correlations, especially related to heavy hadrons at $Z^0$ factory obtained by LSFM and QCM are reported.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures. accepted by Sci China Phys Mech Astro

Research on the Effects of Crushing Mode on Physical and Chemical Properties of Mung Beans

Effects of dry grinding, wet grinding and wet grinding after fermentation on the physicochemical properties of mung bean were studied. The results indicated that the composition of wet ground mung bean after fermented flour (FWMB) changed the most, protein content decreased from 23.68% to 21.02%, the starch content decreased from 56.97% to 55.11%, and the amylose content increased from 14.48% to 19.72%.The analysis of pasting and hydration properties showed that wet ground mung bean flour (WMB) and FWMB had higher peak viscosity, minimum viscosity, attenuation value and final viscosity than dry ground mung bean flour (DMB), and water absorption index and swelling power were increased, but water solubility index was decreased. Particle size analysis found the average particle sizes of DMB, WMB and FWMB were 120.13, 105.21, 92.94 μm, respectively; scanning electron microscope observation showed that the ultrastructure of WMB and FWMB was relatively intact, while DMB had the greatest damage; damaged starch content confirmed WMB, FWMB and DMB were 9.92%, 5.99% and 6.07%, respectively. It indicated that wet grinding and wet grinding after fermentation can improve the pasting viscosity and hydration properties by reducing the damaged starch content and average particle size of mung bea

Screening of reference genes in real-time PCR for Radopholus similis

Six candidate reference genes were chosen from the transcriptome database of Radopholus similis using the bioinformatics method, including four conventional reference genes (actin, Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), Tubulin alpha (a-tubulin), ubiquitin (UBI)) and two new candidate reference genes (Ribosomal protein S21 (Rps21) and Serine/threonine protein phosphatase PP1-β catalytic subunit (β-PP1)). In addition, a traditional reference gene 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) obtained from NCBI databases was also added to the analysis. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of seven candidate reference genes in six populations of R. similis and four developmental stages (female, male, larva and egg) of a population. The stability of the expression of candidate genes was evaluated by three software programs, BestKeeper, geNorm and NormFinder. The results showed that eIF5A is the most suitable reference gene for gene functional research of different populations, while both Rps21 and eIF5A are the most suitable reference genes for different developmental stages of a population. Therefore, eIF5A is the best reference gene for studying R. similis. However, one defect of this study is that only seven candidate reference genes were analyzed; ideally, more genes should be tested

Expression Profile Matrix of Arabidopsis Transcription Factor Genes Suggests Their Putative Functions in Response to Environmental Stresses

Numerous studies have shown that transcription factors are important in regulating plant responses to environmental stress. However, specific functions for most of the genes encoding transcription factors are unclear. In this study, we used mRNA profiles generated from microarray experiments to deduce the functions of genes encoding known and putative Arabidopsis transcription factors. The mRNA levels of 402 distinct transcription factor genes were examined at different developmental stages and under various stress conditions. Transcription factors potentially controlling downstream gene expression in stress signal transduction pathways were identified by observed activation and repression of the genes after certain stress treatments. The mRNA levels of a number of previously characterized transcription factor genes were changed significantly in connection with other regulatory pathways, suggesting their multifunctional nature. The expression of 74 transcription factor genes responsive to bacterial pathogen infection was reduced or abolished in mutants that have defects in salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, or ethylene signaling. This observation indicates that the regulation of these genes is mediated at least partly by these plant hormones and suggests that the transcription factor genes are involved in the regulation of additional downstream responses mediated by these hormones. Among the 43 transcription factor genes that are induced during senescence, 28 of them also are induced by stress treatment, suggesting extensive overlap responses to these stresses. Statistical analysis of the promoter regions of the genes responsive to cold stress indicated unambiguous enrichment of known conserved transcription factor binding sites for the responses. A highly conserved novel promoter motif was identified in genes responding to a broad set of pathogen infection treatments. This observation strongly suggests that the corresponding transcription factors play general and crucial roles in the coordinated regulation of these specific regulons. Although further validation is needed, these correlative results provide a vast amount of information that can guide hypothesis-driven research to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in transcriptional regulation and signaling networks in plants

Towards a global One Health index: a potential assessment tool for One Health performance

BACKGROUND: A One Health approach has been increasingly mainstreamed by the international community, as it provides for holistic thinking in recognizing the close links and inter-dependence of the health of humans, animals and the environment. However, the dearth of real-world evidence has hampered application of a One Health approach in shaping policies and practice. This study proposes the development of a potential evaluation tool for One Health performance, in order to contribute to the scientific measurement of One Health approach and the identification of gaps where One Health capacity building is most urgently needed. METHODS: We describe five steps towards a global One Health index (GOHI), including (i) framework formulation; (ii) indicator selection; (iii) database building; (iv) weight determination; and (v) GOHI scores calculation. A cell-like framework for GOHI is proposed, which comprises an external drivers index (EDI), an intrinsic drivers index (IDI) and a core drivers index (CDI). We construct the indicator scheme for GOHI based on this framework after multiple rounds of panel discussions with our expert advisory committee. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is adopted to determine the weights for each of the indicators. RESULTS: The weighted indicator scheme of GOHI comprises three first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 57 third-level indicators. According to the pilot analysis based on the data from more than 200 countries/territories the GOHI scores overall are far from ideal (the highest score of 65.0 out of a maximum score of 100), and we found considerable variations among different countries/territories (31.8–65.0). The results from the pilot analysis are consistent with the results from a literature review, which suggests that a GOHI as a potential tool for the assessment of One Health performance might be feasible. CONCLUSIONS: GOHI—subject to rigorous validation—would represent the world’s first evaluation tool that constructs the conceptual framework from a holistic perspective of One Health. Future application of GOHI might promote a common understanding of a strong One Health approach and provide reference for promoting effective measures to strengthen One Health capacity building. With further adaptations under various scenarios, GOHI, along with its technical protocols and databases, will be updated regularly to address current technical limitations, and capture new knowledge. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-022-00979-9

High Fat Diet Induces Formation of Spontaneous Liposarcoma in Mouse Adipose Tissue with Overexpression of Interleukin 22

Interleukin 22 (IL-22) is a T-cell secreted cytokine that modulates inflammatory response in nonhematopoietic tissues such as epithelium and liver. The function of IL-22 in adipose tissue is currently unknown. We generated a transgenic mouse model with overexpression of IL-22 specifically in adipose tissue. The IL-22 transgenic mice had no apparent changes in obesity and insulin resistance after feeding with high fat diet (HFD). Unexpectedly, all the IL-22 transgenic mice fed with HFD for four months developed spontaneous tumors in epididymal adipose tissue. Histological analysis indicated that the tumors were well-differentiated liposarcomas with infiltration of inflammatory cells. IL-22 overexpression promotes production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-10 and stimulates ERK phosphorylation in adipose tissue. Furthermore, IL-22 treatment in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes could induce IL-1β and IL-10 expression, together with stimulation of ERK phosphorylation. Taken together, our study not only established a novel mouse model with spontaneous liposarcoma, but also revealed that IL-22 overexpression may collaborate with diet-induced obesity to impact on tumor development in mouse