100 research outputs found
EVALUATION OF ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITIES OF PHLORIDZIN IN DIABETIC MICE
Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of Phloridzin.
Methods and Materials: High fat diet induced diabetic KKAy mice were administered with phloridzin at an oral dose (60
mg/kg/day, ig.) for 10 weeks. A range of parameters, including blood glucose and lipid, serum insulin, glucose tolerance, were tested
to evaluate its anti-hyperglycemic effects.
Results: Phloridzin decreased water-intake, body weight, FBG, FINS, HOME-IR, Serum leptin, and CRP levels, increased serum
adiponectin level in diabetic mice. Phloridzin also improved the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to a certain degree. In addition,
phloridzin decreased liver index, and epididymal, perirenal white adipose tissue indexs, increased pancreas index in diabetic mice. At
last, phloridzin increased hepatic GK activity and hepatic glycogen level, decreased hepatic PEPCK, G-6-Pase activities in diabetic
mice.
Conclusions: Phloridzin possessed anti-hyperglycemic activities
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BIASED COGNITIVE PROCESSING IN ACCIDENTALLY INJURED PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT POSTTRAUMATIC GROWTH LEVELS
Background: Various studies have assessed the negative and/or positive changes in the aftermath of traumatic events. Accidental
injuries (such as accidents, injuries, etc.), for its high incidence and disability rate, is easy to cause serious psychological problems
and hinder the physical and psychological rehabilitation of the patients.
Material and Methods: To explore the characteristics of attention bias in accidentally injured patients with different levels of
Posttraumatic growth (PTG), total score of PTG was adopted to screen out 15 high-PTG group and low-PTG group respectively
among accidentally injured patients. Dot probe task was used with positive, negative and neutral facial expression pictures as
experimental materials. An experimental design of 2 (facial expression: positive and negative)×2 (consistency of probe point and
facial expression: consistent and inconsistent)×2 (PTG level: high and low) was employed.
Results: Patients with low PTG level had attention bias toward the negative emotional stimuli, and difficulty in distraction from the
negative emotional pictures. The value of D and DI were both significantly greater than 0 (
The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Rabies in China
Rabies is a major problem in developing countries and responsible for more than 55,000 deaths annually. More than half of the cases occur in Asia and China has the second highest incidence of rabies after India. Human rabies cases in China decreased during the early 1990s but the virus began to re-emerge in the latter half of the decade and spread rapidly across the country with a corresponding increase in cases. To try and learn more about the epidemic, in 2006 the government implemented a trial surveillance program to sample and screen canine populations in locations where human cases were reported. In this work we selected a subset of samples (representative of the entire epidemic region) for sequencing and investigated the history and origin of the virus in China and examined the variation from a geographical perspective. Our results indicate that the epidemic is primarily composed of a younger strain with a geographical dispersion that was consistent with the recorded spread of the virus and a second older strain that corresponds to a previous epidemic. This second group exhibits a different geographical pattern, and it appears that this strain remained at low levels throughout the country and was able to re-emerge as the epidemic took hold
Type-A quasi-periodic oscillation in the black hole transient MAXI J1348-630
We present a detailed analysis of the spectral and timing characteristics of
a 7-Hz type-A quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) detected in NICER observations
of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1348-630 during its high-soft state. The
QPO is broad and weak, with an integrated fractional rms amplitude of 0.9 per
cent in the 0.5-10 keV band. Thanks to the large effective area of NICER,
combined with the high flux of the source and a relatively long accumulative
exposure time, we construct the first rms and phase-lag spectra for a type-A
QPO. Our analysis reveals that the fractional rms amplitude of the QPO
increases with energy from below 1 per cent at 1 keV to 3 per cent at 6 keV.
The shape of the QPO spectrum is similar to that of the Comptonised component,
suggesting that the Comptonised region is driving the variability. The phase
lags at the QPO frequency are always soft taking the lowest energy as
reference. By jointly fitting the time-averaged spectrum of the source and the
rms and phase-lag spectra of the QPO with the time-dependent Comptonisation
model vkompthdk, we find that the radiative properties of the type-A QPO can be
explained by a vertically extended Comptonised region with a size of 2300 km.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Type-A quasi-periodic oscillation in the black hole transient MAXI J1348-630
We present a detailed analysis of the spectral and timing characteristics of a 7-Hz type-A quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) detected in NICER observations of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1348-630 during its high-soft state. The QPO is broad and weak, with an integrated fractional rms amplitude of 0.9 per cent in the 0.5-10 keV band. Thanks to the large effective area of NICER, combined with the high flux of the source and a relatively long accumulative exposure time, we construct the first rms and phase-lag spectra for a type-A QPO. Our analysis reveals that the fractional rms amplitude of the QPO increases with energy from below 1 per cent at 1 keV to ∼3 per cent at 6 keV. The shape of the QPO spectrum is similar to that of the Comptonized component, suggesting that the Comptonized region is driving the variability. The phase lags at the QPO frequency are always soft taking the lowest energy as reference. By jointly fitting the time-averaged spectrum of the source and the rms and phase-lag spectra of the QPO with the time-dependent Comptonization model vkompthdk, we find that the radiative properties of the type-A QPO can be explained by a vertically extended Comptonized region with a size of ∼2300 km.</p
Childhood Obesity Predicts Adult Metabolic Syndrome: The Fels Longitudinal Study
Objectives—To determine the age of significant divergence in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in adults with and without the metabolic syndrome, and to provide age- and sexspecific childhood values that predict adult metabolic syndrome.
Study design—Part 1 of this study is a retrospective cohort study of 92 men and 59 women (mean age, 51 years) who had metabolic syndrome and 154 randomly selected adults matched for age and sex who did not have the syndrome. Part 2 is a study of predictive accuracy in a validation sample of 743 participants.
Results—The first appearance of differences between adults with and without metabolic syndrome occurred at ages 8 and 13 for BMI and 6 and 13 for waist circumference in boys and girls, respectively. Odds ratios (ORs) for the metabolic syndrome at 30 years and older ranged from 1.4 to 1.9 across age groups in boys and from 0.8 to 2.8 across age groups in girls if BMI exceeded criterion values in childhood. The corresponding ORs for waist circumference ranged from 2.5 to 31.4 in boys and 1.7 to 2.5 in girls. These ORs increased with the number of examinations.
Conclusions—Children with BMI and waist circumference values exceeding the established criterion values are at increased risk for the adult metabolic syndrome
High energy Millihertz quasi-periodic oscillations in 1A 0535+262 with Insight-HXMT challenge current models
We studied the millihertz quasi-periodic oscillation (mHz QPO) in the 2020
outburst of the Be/X-ray binary 1A 0535+262 using Insight-HXMT data over a
broad energy band. The mHz QPO is detected in the 27-120 keV energy band. The
QPO centroid frequency is correlated with the source flux, and evolves in the
35-95 mHz range during the outburst. The QPO is most significant in the 50-65
keV band, with a significance of ~ 8 sigma, but is hardly detectable (<2 sigma)
in the lowest (1-27 keV) and highest (>120 keV) energy bands. Notably, the
detection of mHz QPO above 80 keV is the highest energy at which mHz QPOs have
been detected so far. The fractional rms of the mHz QPO first increases and
then decreases with energy, reaching the maximum amplitude at 50-65 keV. In
addition, at the peak of the outburst, the mHz QPO shows a double-peak
structure, with the difference between the two peaks being constant at ~0.02
Hz, twice the spin frequency of the neutron star in this system. We discuss
different scenarios explaining the generation of the mHz QPO, including the
beat frequency model, the Keplerian frequency model, the model of two jets in
opposite directions, and the precession of the neutron star, but find that none
of them can explain the origin of the QPO well. We conclude that the
variability of non-thermal radiation may account for the mHz QPO, but further
theoretical studies are needed to reveal the physical mechanism.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Overview to the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) Satellite
As China's first X-ray astronomical satellite, the Hard X-ray Modulation
Telescope (HXMT), which was dubbed as Insight-HXMT after the launch on June 15,
2017, is a wide-band (1-250 keV) slat-collimator-based X-ray astronomy
satellite with the capability of all-sky monitoring in 0.2-3 MeV. It was
designed to perform pointing, scanning and gamma-ray burst (GRB) observations
and, based on the Direct Demodulation Method (DDM), the image of the scanned
sky region can be reconstructed. Here we give an overview of the mission and
its progresses, including payload, core sciences, ground calibration/facility,
ground segment, data archive, software, in-orbit performance, calibration,
background model, observations and some preliminary results.Comment: 29 pages, 40 figures, 6 tables, to appear in Sci. China-Phys. Mech.
Astron. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.0443
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