210 research outputs found
ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ β ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ (Π΄Π΅ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ) Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
The subject of research is the concept of practical ethics by Anatoly F. Koni who was an outstanding Russian lawyer in the late 19th β beginning of 20th centuries. Particular attention is paid to his ethical research in the article. The interest in this area is not accidental. The principles of professional ethics formulated by Koni have become largely a model for Russian lawyers.The purpose of the article is to identify the stages of the formation of Koniβs ethical theory, its main elements and sources, which made it possible to reconstruct the ideas of the famous lawyer.As the main research methods the authors applied the problem-chronological approach and the systemic approach, considering Koni's ethics as an emerging theory, which turned into a complete concept in the 1920s. The structure of the ethical concept was outlined by Koni in 1919 in the Program "Ethics of Cohabitation".The main results, scope of application. It was revealed that for Koni issues of legal ethics were only part of his colossal work on ethics. He has been developing ethical themes since the 1880s. He formed the foundations of the theory, developed the main types of ethics at the beginning of the twentieth century, and the idea crystallized in the 1920s. In particular, he formulated the types of ethics: public order, financial, literary, public events, medical, conscience, national, personal behavior, etc. After going through three successive stages in the course of the study Koni developed the foundations of practical ethics, which could serve as a model for creating relations in a new society as he assumed. Koni chose ethics as the object of his scientific research. He made great efforts to develop his deontology, which we will not find any analogues of. He contributed to the philosophy and philosophy of law. He summarized all his works on deontology in the work "Ethics of the Cohabitation", which was prepared in 1927, but have never been published.Conclusions. Koni not only collected moments of crisis in contemporary ethical manifestations, analyzed the works of the main deontologists, analyzed in detail the types of ethics (some of which he formulated for the first time in science), but also formed a harmonious practical ethics of human personal behavior. At the same time Koni assumed such a development of a sensitive personality that would be able to take into account the smallest men-tal characteristics of other people and behave tactfully as much as possible. He returned to ethical issues in numerous works over and over again whether he wrote about social ills, about psychology, about expertise. He saw the main causes of deformations in the destruction of ethical principles. "Moral perversions" threatened the very existence of the state. He perceived the fall of Russia in 1917 as a logical completion of the disintegration of ethics. Koni saw a future salvation in the revival of Russia. His ethical ideal was Christian in nature in many ways, although Koni himself almost never connected ethics with religion in his works. Here he acted as a Kantian, as a supporter of the categorical imperative.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ Π€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ°. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π² 1920-Π΅ Π³Π³. ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ. Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Π.Π€. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π½. Π ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π» Ρ 1880-Ρ
Π³Π³. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π» Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ Π₯Π₯ Π²., Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² 1920-Π΅ Π³Π³. Π ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ: ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½Π°Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π» ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π», ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° Π±Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π» ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ½Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°. ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ» Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Β«ΠΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΡΠΈΡΒ», ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² 1927 Π³., Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ»Π°
Creation of Digital Ecosystem in the Context of Region Sustainable Industrialization
This paper presents features, approaches and institutional conditions, implications of digital technologies focused on the sustainable industrial development of the regional economy. The objective of the study is to analyse possibilities of the practical implementation of measures on digital ecosystem creation of separate region, Kostanay Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the industrial region of country having a certain innovation potential. This paper uses scientific methods of enquiry, statistical data and mathematical modelling in economics. In the result of study digital technology development priorities at the national level were established and the digitalization impact on the regional development was emphasised. The empirical analysis basis served the results of studies conducted within R&D Developing the Government Regulation Policy on Accelerated Clustering of Industrial Regions conducted under the grant financing of Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Β© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2020.The empirical analysis basis served the results of studies conducted within R&D βDeveloping the Government Regulation Policy on Accelerated Clustering of Industrial Regionsβ conducted under the grant financing of Ministry of Education and Science of the epublic of Kazakhstan
Abstract OR-2: The Formation of Dps-DNA Complexes under Different Conditions According to Cryo-EM and SAXS
Background: The effect of Dps-DNA co-crystals formation, which occurs in stressed Escherichia coli cells exposed to extreme conditions, is well described in the literature. However, the exact mechanisms of co-crystals formation are yet to be postulated remaining largely unknown. Here we summarize the results obtained by our group over the last few years using cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS).
Methods: Samples for cryo-EM were plunge frozen in liquid ethane with Vitrobot Mark IV and studied with Titan Krios (ThermoFisher Scientific, US) cryo-EM, equipped with Falcon 2 direct electron detector, Image corrector (CEOS, Germany), and Volta phase plate.
Single Particle Analysis (SPA) and cryo-Electron Tomography (cryo-ET) studies were conducted with 300 kV accelerating voltage in low dose mode using EPU and Tomography software (ThermoFisher Scientific, US). Cryo-EM data processing was conducted using Warp, CryoSPARC, IMOD, EMAN, and Relion software packages. SAXS measurements were performed at the EMBL on the P12 BioSAXS beam line at the PETRAIII storage ring (DESY, Hamburg).
Results: In this work, Dps-DNA complex formation is thoroughly studied using complementary cryo-EM (including SPA, cryo-ET, and subtomogram averaging) and SAXS methods. The formation of individual complexes of Dps with small linear DNA fragments and the Dps-Dps interaction was visualized using cryo-EM. It was found that Dps-DNA complex remains stable under various conditions and while the addition of different ions leads to the disruption of co-crystals, the process is completely or partially reversible.
Conclusion: Recent studies conducted by our group showed that Dps-DNA co-crystals adopt triclinic or cubic crystal lattice (FEBS Lett., 2019; Biomolecules, 2020). Here we present the results on the studies of Dps interaction with small linear DNA fragments, demonstrate the effects of MgCl2, FeSO4, and EDTA on the Dps-DNA complex and individual Dps protein structure, discuss the influence of the temperature and time on the co-crystals
Neoglycolipids Micelle-like Structures as a Basis for Drug Delivery Systems
Targeted drug delivery is one of the most promising tasks of nanomedicine, as this is a real way to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic effects against many diseases. In this regard, the development of new inexpensive highly effective stimulating and non-immunogenic drug delivery systems (DDS) is of great importance. In this work new molecular candidates were proposed and studied for the creation of such systems based on the use of new compounds, neoglycolipids. It is shown that these compounds are capable of self-association in aqueous solutions and can serve as potential carriers of drug compounds with targeted delivery determined by their terminal groups (in particular, glycans). The processes of their associates formation and features of their structure are investigated. The results show that these selforganizing nanoscale systems can be used as a basis for developing new drug delivery systems.
Keywords: neoglycolipids, micelle-like structures, small-angle X-ray scattering, molecular dynamics simulatio
ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 2018 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΡ, Π’ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ (Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»Π°), ΠΡΡ
ΠΎΡ (ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΠΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΠΎΡΠ΅), ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π’ΡΡΠΊΠ° (Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»Π°). ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° 2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ (< 3 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/Π»)
Formation of Metal Nanoparticles in Multilayered Poly(octadecylsiloxane) As Revealed by Anomalous Small-Angle X-ray Scattering
Application of PCR-based approaches for evaluation of cell-free DNA fragmentation in colorectal cancer
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing is the core of most liquid biopsy assays. In particular, cfDNA fragmentation features could facilitate non-invasive cancer detection due to their interconnection with tumor-specific epigenetic alterations. However, the final cfDNA fragmentation profile in a purified sample is the result of a complex interplay between informative biological and artificial technical factors. In this work, we use ddPCR to study cfDNA lengths in colorectal cancer patients and observe shorter and more variable cfDNA fragments in accessible chromatin loci compared to the densely packed pericentromeric region. We also report a convenient qPCR system suitable for screening cfDNA samples for artificial high molecular weight DNA contamination
Structure of the complex of cytochrome c with cardiolipin in non-polar environment
The complex of mitochondrial protein cytochrome c (CytC) with anionic phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) plays a crucial role in the initiation of apoptosis by catalyzing lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial membranes. In our previous papers, we found that CytC and CL mixed in millimolar concentrations form a sediment showing microcrystals composed of nanospheres (Cyt-CL) of 11β12 and 8β―nm in diameter. The hypothesis was proposed that Cyt-CL, having hydrophobic shell, may appear inside the membrane lipid bilayer in mitochondria and peroxidase membrane phospholipids so initiating the apoptotic cascade. In this work, Cyt-CL complex dissolved in chloroform or hexane was investigated as a model of the complex in mitochondrial membranes. We used dynamic light scattering method to measure the size of the particles. The analysis of particles size distribution of Cyt-CL in chloroform allows to reveal three dominant diameters of 12.1β―Β±β―1.4, 7.8β―Β±β―1.0, and 4.7β―Β±β―0.7β―nm. The first two values are closed to those, earlier obtained with small-angle X-ray scattering method in Cyt-CL microcrystals, 11.1β―Β±β―1.0 and 8.0β―Β±β―0.7β―nm. CL extracted in chloroform-methanol forms a real solution of particles with diameter of 0.7β―Β±β―0.1β―nm. In methanol-water phase, CL and CLβ―+β―CytC mixture form particles of 83.7β―Β±β―9.8 and 71.3β―Β±β―11.6β―nm, respectively. Apparently, cardiolipin in 50% methanol forms single-layer liposomes regardless of the presence of CytC in the medium. Partial unfolding of CytC in the complex was evidenced by (a) appearance of fluorescence of tyrosine and tryptophan residues and (b) disappearance of the absorption band at 699β―nm due to breakdown of heme iron β methionine bondβ―>β―Fβ―S(Met80). In hydrophobic solvent Cyt-CL exhibited quasi-lipoperoxidase and lipoxygenase activity as was shown in kinetic measurements of chemiluminescence enhanced by coumarin C-525, a selective sensitizer of chemiluminescence, associated with reactions of lipid peroxyl radicals.
Our data in this model system do not contradict the hypothesis (Vladimirov, Y.A. et al. Biochemistry (Mosc) 78, 1086β1097) that nanospheres of Cyt-CL complex, embedded into the lipid phase of mitochondrial membrane, catalyze lipid peroxidation, thereby initiating apoptosis
Analysis of protection of the northern Kazakhstan cities from surface runoff waters
The purpose of the research is to determine the amount of surface runoff formation in the cities of the northern Kazakhstan region and to improve the urban environment quality with rational use of surface runoff of meltwater and rainwater. The goal is achieved by analyzing the features of atmospheric water management on the example of the city of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Ecosystem solutions in the field of integrated management of surface wastewater as a measure of adaptation to climate change are considered. The atmospheric runoff level is analyzed, an integrated approach to surface runoff management and a nature-oriented landscape for decentralized water resources management are proposed. A project has been designed for city safety and mobility. Indeed, in recent years, the spread of sustainable development approaches and the transition to a βgreenβ economy has led to a change in the basic concepts of territorial management of natural resources and environmental protection. This is caused by the fact that the ecosystem approach has become widely used in the management of biological and physical systems. The ecosystem approach is based on the idea that all ecosystem components are closely interconnected, and changes in one component can lead to negative consequences for the others. In this way, the ecosystem approach helps to ensure more efficient use of resources, improve the quality of life of the population, and protect the environment
Mathematical description of the groundwater pumping process during the design of the automatic drainage system
The main structure of any building is the foundation. It takes on itself and transfers all its load to the ground. When choosing the type of foundation, the decisive factor is considered to be the characteristics of the soil, the depth of freezing, as well as the level of groundwater, which gives the developer a lot of problems. The foundation under high groundwater level greatly affects the strength and load-bearing capacity of the building and requires a big investment. The groundwater level will be the fundamental criteriawhen calculating the cost of development, construction technology, durability of the structure and operating conditions of the building. The process of designing such systems is significantly complicated by multidimensionality, non-stationarity, as well as the non-linear nature of control objects. When developing an automatic drainage system, it is necessary to build a high-quality mathematical model of the pumping station. The article discusses the process of building an automatic system of groundwater regulation in a drainage tank based on a given control value and disturbing effect. The mathematical description is developed for the control circuit βwater level - speed of the drainage pumpβ with the main disturbing effect - a change in the groundwater supply Mathematical model of the pumping station is implemented using a virtual simulation program - ViSSim.Based on the obtained model, an automatic drainage system can be developed to prevent flooding of the foundation with ground water during the construction of buildings and structures
- β¦