2003-2007 Report on Hate Crimes and Discrimination Against Arab Americans

Analyzes rates, patterns, and sources of anti-Arab-American hate crimes and discrimination, including detainee abuse, delays in naturalization, and threats; civil liberties concerns; bias in schools; and defamation in the media. Includes case summaries

The Democratisation of Revolutionary Movements and the Revolutionisation of Democratic Movements.An Aerial View of Zimbabwe’s New Dispensation as at November 2017

This paper seeks to examine the democratisation of revolutionary movements and the revolutionisation of democrats; discuss the major highlights of the New Dispensation in Zimbabwe; and suggest the way forward for a better Zimbabwe. The paper is largely qualitative based on documental analysis and random interviews in the district of Marondera.  The findings of this study are that the revolutionary ZANU PF party is reforming, although there are some reservations over such overtures. This is a result of pressure exerted by the opposition since the turn of the new millennium. The opposition itself is also gradually earning the recognition of revolutionaries. Genuinely, credible, free, fair, peaceful, transparent elections and sustainable dialogue were identified as other remaining keys required to unlock Zimbabwe’s bright future. DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/9-3-03 Publication date:March 31st 201

Living with young onset dementia: Reflections on recent developments, current discourse, and implications for policy and practice

© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.Recent research on young onset dementia (formal diagnosis at age <65) evidences emerging work around pre-diagnosis, diagnosis and the need to improve post-diagnostic support for this group. An increased awareness of young onset dementia has led to the establishment of peer-support groups, support networks and the involvement of people affected by dementia in research. However, the need to join up services at the systems level persists. Third-sector organisations that offer post-diagnostic support at the communitylevel rely heavily on volunteers. Implications for policy and practice are that community-based commissioning of integrated services between health care, social care and the third sector would go a long way to providing the continuity and stability required in dementia support and care along the illness trajectory. This discussion document was written in collaboration with diagnostic services, the charity sector and conversations with people living with, and affected by, dementia.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Plant growth regulators induced urease activity in Cucurbita pepo L. cotyledons

This study is aimed to investigate the activity of urease (EC 3.5.1.5, urea amidohydrolase) that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea in 5-day-old Cucurbita pepo cotyledons subjected to various concentrations of different growth regulators. The treatment of C. pepo cotyledons with different concentrations (100–600 μmol) of different auxins [indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole butyric acid (IBA), indole propionic acid (IPA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)]; or with different concentrations (100–300 μmol) of different cytokinins [kinetin, zeatin and benzyladenine (6-BA)] resulted in a significant increase of urease activity, compared to control. The optimal effects were recorded for each of 500 μmol of IAA and 300 μmol of zeatin treatments. A gradual increase in urease activity was detected in cotyledons treated with various concentrations (0.2–1.0 mM) of 28-homobrassinolide (HBL), in relative to control. A substantial increase in urease activity was observed in cotyledons subjected to different concentrations of triazole (10–60 mg L–1), containing either triadimefon (TDM) or hexaconazole (HEX), compared to control. The combination of 300 μmol zeatin with any of protein inhibitors, namely 5-fluorouridine (FUrd), cordycepin and α-amanitin, resulted in the alleviation of their inhibitory effect on the urease activity

Various Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants as Inhibitors for Beta-lactamase Activity

تمت دراسة التأثير المثبط لإنزيم بيتا لاكتاماز من  S. sciuriو Klebsiella pneumoniae بواسطة مستخلصات لعشرة نباتات طبية وقد تمت عملية الاستخلاص باستخدام الاسيتون والايثانول والماء في المختبر بطريقة طبق أجار اليود - النشا ، وأظهرت النتائج أن طريقة طبق أجار اليود - النشا يمكن استخدامها للكشف عن مثبطات البيتا لاكتاماز من المستخلصات النباتية المستخدمة قيد البحث. وقد أظهرت ثلاثــة مستخــلصات نبــاتية  وهي الونكا Catharanthus roseus, الكافور Eucalyptus camaldulensis  والفلفل العريض Schinus terebinthifolius) فعالية واضحة لتثبيط بيتا لاكتاماز من  Staphylococcus sciuri. وعلي الجانب الآخر  أظهرت مستخلصات نباتات الكافور Eucalyptus camaldulensis  والفلفل العريض Schinus terebinthifolius) نشاط مثبطا لبيتا لاكتاماز المعزول من  Klebsiella pneumoniae. وأوضحت النتائج أن مستخلصات الأسيتون كانت الأكثر تثبيطا للإنزيم من مستخلصات الإيثانول  والمستخلصات المائية. وأظهرت النتائج أن بيتا لاكتاماز المعزول من  S. sciuri كان الأكثر تأثــراً سلبا بواسطــة المستخلصات النباتية من بيتا لاكتــاماز المعزول من  .K. pneumoniaThe inhibitory effect of acetone, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of ten medicinal plants on β-lactamase from Staphylococcus sciuri and Klebsiella pneumoniae was investigated in vitro by starch-iodine agar plate method. The results revealed the success of starch-iodine method for the detection of the inhibition of β-lactamase activity by the various extracts of each individual plant. The acetone extracts of Catharanthus roseus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Schinus terebinthifolius induced an inhibitory effect on β-lactamase from Staphylococcus sciuri. On the other hand, acetone extracts from only Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Schinus terebinthifolius expressed strong inhibitory effect on β-lactamase from Klebsiella pneumoniae. The acetone extracts expressed the highest inhibition for β-lactamases activity compared to ethanolic and aqueous extracts which exhibited appreciable inhibitory effect. β-lactamase from S. sciuri was inhibited by extracts from C. roseus, E. camaldulensis and S. terebinthifolius whereas β-lactamase from K. pneumoniae was inhibited only by extracts from E. camaldulensis and S. terebinthifolius

Maintaining pulp vitality after a traumatic injury

ntroduction: For an optimum patients’ care we need to understand the impact of trauma on the pulp and the importance of pulp vitality for the tooth development, the type of injury, stage of the root development and the level of infection these are factors that effect the circulation to the injured area and impact of the pulp vitality. Traumatic dental injuries may result in endodontic complications. Endodontic therapy generally involves removing the pulp to save a tooth, but for young people keeping the pulp alive will help the tooth survive. Treatment strategies for traumatized immature teeth are based on preserving pulp vitality to ensure further root development and tooth maturation. Purpose: The aim of this study is to prove that keeping the pulp alive after a traumatic injury in an immature permanent tooth is important for the apexogenesis of the tooth. When the tooth is mature, the therapeutic aims will also be directed towards preserving pulp vitality, especially as the patient is young. Case report: A 9-years-old boy who had suffered a concussion injury to the maxillary anterior teeth he fractured his tooth and exposed the pulp, immediately after injury the. Radiographs reveal that the injured tooth has an immature root with an open apex. The apical opening is greater than 1 mm, the pulp chamber had been accessed. Vitality testing will not be useful in determining the status of the tooth pulp. Maintaining pulp vitality is a primary concern in the treatment of an immature tooth. The goal in this case will be to allow the apex to mature and the dentin walls to thicken sufficiently to permit successful root canal therapy. The patient’s pulp exposure is large and there has been bleeding. His injury requires a shallow pulpotomy to remove contaminated pulp tissue. After anesthesia, the tooth is isolated with a rubber dam. The exposed dentin is cleaned and any extruding pulp tissue is removed with a spoon excavator. The pulp tissue is gently removed to a depth of about 2 mm below the exposure. Wet cotton pellets are used to stop hemorrhage, and a hard-setting calcium hydroxide dressing is placed over the exposed pulp. The fractured tooth surface is acid etched and restored using a bonded resin composite. The treatment is considered effective if there are no signs of clinical or radiographic pathosis and if the root continues to develop apically and thicken laterally. The boy had received prompt treatment (Apexifkation), the entire root canal system is cleaned, then filled with a soft non-setting calcium hydroxide paste to the level of the open apex. After six to twelve months a calcify barrier usually forms. Follow-up examinations should occur every three months. If there are any signs or symptoms of infection or pathosis, the canal is recleaned and refilled with calcium hydroxide, Radiographs should be taken at three, six and twelve month intervals to control the apical development. When it can be clinically and radiographically confirmed that the apex has closed or a bridge has formed at the level of the calcium hydroxide, the canal is ready to be filled with gutta-percha, and the tooth also ready for the restoration, so the little boy patient can smile again. Conclusions: According to the results from the case report we had maintained pulp vitality after traumatic injury in young people it is important for the apexogenesis of the tooth and its maturation

Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Rumex dentatus Root Extract and Allelochemicals on Cicer arietinum

The present study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic potential of root extract of Rumex dentatus L. and various allelochemicals on some physiological parameters in roots of Cicer arietinum L. The tested allelochemicals were benzoic, caffeic, cinnamic, ferulic, gallic, sinapic and vanillic acids. Seed germination of Cicer was inhibited by Rumex extract. Lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide production increased gradually in response to extract concentration as well as allelochemicals treatment. The total soluble protein decreased whereas the total phenol increased under the various treatments. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD: 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT: 1.11.1.6) increased continuously with increasing extract concentration. However, peroxidase (POD: 1.11.1.7) increased sharply at 2% (w/v) followed by reduction at the higher concentrations and reached 1.1 U g-1 fresh weight at 10% (w/v) which was still higher than that of the control value. Ferulic acid was the most effective inducer for SOD activity followed by cinnamic acid. The POD activity increased remarkably particularly with cinnamic, benzoic and gallic acids. Sinapic, ferulic and coumaric acids enhanced CAT activity by 150.4%, 139.5% and 124.4%, respectively. The results reveal the possible use of R. dentatus as bioherbicide

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Minat Menabung pada Mahasiswa Santri (Studi Kasus PPQ Al Amin Pabuaran)

Menabung merupakan salah satu kegiatan positif yang memiliki pengaruh dalam jangka pendek maupun panjang. Dengan melakukan kegiatan menabung, kehidupan finansial seseorang dapat terjamin. Selain itu, jumlah tabungan seorang warga negara juga dapat memengaruhi bagaimana pertumbuhan ekonomi negaranya. Di era sekarang yang didominasi oleh generasi muda termasuk para mahasiswa justru memiliki antusias yang kurang dalam hal menabung dan berada di lingkungan pertemanan perkuliahan cenderung membuat mereka memiliki sifat konsumtif. Oleh karena itu, perlu diketahui faktor apa saja yang dapat meningkatkan minat mahasiswa dalam menabung sehingga mereka dapat mempersiapkan kehidupan finansialnya di masa mendatang serta dapat berkontribusi dalam perekonomian negara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh literasi keuangan, pengendalian diri, lingkungan pertemanan, dan pendapatan terhadap minat menabung mahasiswa santri PPQ Al Amin Pabuaran baik secara masing-masing maupun secara bersama-sama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa santri PPQ Al Amin Pabuaran. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 84 mahasiswa santri dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Selanjutnya data responden dianalisis menggunakan model regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan aplikasi Eviews 10. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Semua variabel independen yaitu literasi keuangan, pengendalian diri, lingkungan pertemanan, dan pendapatan secara bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel minat menabung. (2) Variabel literasi keuangan memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel minat menabung. (3) Variabel pengendalian diri memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel minat menabung. (4) Variabel lingkungan pertemanan memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel minat menabung. (5) Variabel pendapatan tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap minat menabung. (6) Variabel independen yang memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap variabel minat menabung adalah variabel literasi keuangan. Implikasi yang dapat diterapkan dari hasil penelitian di atas adalah mahasiswa santri dapat mengikuti pembelajaran tentang pengelolaan keuangan untuk menambah pengetahuan dalam meningkatkan minat menabungnya. Lingkungan pertemanan yang baik juga dibutuhkan mahasiswa santri agar mendapatkan dampak positif dari suatu pertemanan. Mahasiswa diharapkan bisa mengontrol diri dan lebih bijak dalam penggunaan pendapatan serta menghindari perilaku konsumtif. Kata Kunci: Literasi Keuangan, Pengendalian Diri, Lingkungan Pertemanan, Pendapatan, Minat Menabun