7,263 research outputs found
Constraints on Dark Matter Protohalos in Effective Theories and Neutrinophilic Dark Matter
The mass of primordial dark matter (DM) protohalos remains unknown. However,
the missing satellites problem may be an indication that they are quite large.
In this paper, we use effective field theory to map constraints on dark
matter-SM interactions into limits on the mass of DM protohalos. Given that
leptons remain in the thermal bath until late times, we focus on their
interactions with DM. To illustrate the method, we use the null results of LEP
missing energy searches along with Fermi-LAT searches for DM annihilation in
nearby dwarf galaxies, to derive limits on the protohalo mass, , with the range depending on the DM mass and the
operator. Thus, if DM is to remain thermally coupled until late times and
account for the missing satellites, charged lepton interactions are
insufficient. This motivates neutrinophilic DM, which can have protohalo masses
orders of magnitude larger, with constraints arising from Planck, IceCube and
unpublished Super-K data. We show that effective neutrinophilic models offer a
solution to the missing satellites problem for sub-GeV DM masses with larger
than WIMP-sized annihilation cross sections.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Asymptotically Safe Dark Matter
We introduce a new paradigm for dark matter (DM) interactions in which the
interaction strength is asymptotically safe. In models of this type, the
coupling strength is small at low energies but increases at higher energies,
and asymptotically approaches a finite constant value. The resulting
phenomenology of this "asymptotically safe DM" is quite distinct. One
interesting effect of this is to partially offset the low-energy constraints
from direct detection experiments without affecting thermal freeze-out
processes which occur at higher energies. High-energy collider and indirect
annihilation searches are the primary ways to constrain or discover
asymptotically safe dark matter.Comment: 5 pages, 2 multi-panel figures, PRD versio
Asteroid flux and impact cratering rate on Venus
By the end of 1990, 65 Venus-crossing asteroids were recognized; these represent 59 percent of the known Earth-crossing asteroids. Further studies, chiefly numerical integrations of orbit evolution, may reveal one or two more Venus crossers among the set of discovered asteroids. A Venus crosser was defined as an asteroid whose orbit can intersect the orbit of Venus as a result of secular (long range) perturbations. Venus crossers revolving on orbits that currently overlap the orbit of Venus are called Venapol asteroids, and those on orbit that don't overlap are called Venamor asteroids; 42 Venapols and 23 Venamors were recognized. Collision probabilities with Venus for 60 of the known Venus crossers were determined
Mapping The Neutrino Floor For Dark Matter-Electron Direct Detection Experiments
We study the discovery reach of future Dark Matter (DM) Direct Detection
experiments using DM-electron scattering in the presence of the solar neutrino
background. At these low energies traditional methods for nuclear and
electronic recoil discrimination fail, implying that the neutrino-{\it nucleus}
scattering background can be sizable. We calculate discovery limits based on
ionization values of signal and background, and quantify the dependence on the
ionization model. Moreover, we explore how the dependence of the DM cross
section discovery limits vary with exposure, electronic/nuclear recoil
discrimination, DM form factors, and DM astrophysical uncertainties.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Asteroid and comet flux in the neighborhood of the earth
Significant advances in the knowledge and understanding of the flux of large solid objects in the neighborhood of Earth have occurred. The best estimates of the collision rates with Earth of asteroids and comets and the corresponding production of impact craters are presented. Approximately 80 Earth-crossing asteroids were discovered through May 1988. Among 42 new Earth-crossing asteroids found in the last decade, two-thirds were discovered from observations at Palomar Observatory and 15 were discovered or independently detected in dedicated surveys with the Palomar Observatory and 15 were discovered or independently detected in dedicated surveys with the Palomar 46 cm Schmidt. Probabilities of collision with Earth have been calculated for about two-thirds of the known Earth-crossing asteroids. When multiplied by the estimated population of Earth-crossers, this yields an estimated present rate of collision about 65 pct higher than that previously reported. Spectrophotometric data obtained chiefly in the last decade show that the large majority of obvserved Earth-crossers are similar to asteroids found in the inner part of the main belt. The number of discovered Earth-crossing comets is more than 4 times greater than the number of known Earth-crossing asteroids, but reliable data on the sizes of comet nuclei are sparse. The flux of comets almost certainly was highly variable over late geologic time, owing to the random perturbation of the Oort comet cloud by stars in the solar neighborhood
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