Femoral neck system vs. cannulated screws on treating femoral neck fracture: a meta-analysis and system review

ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aimed to compare the relative safety and efficacy of cannulated compression screw (CCS) and femoral neck system (FNS) in treating patients with femoral neck fractures and to provide evidence-based medical evidence for FNS in treating femoral neck fractures.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched to collect outcomes related to femoral neck fractures treated with FNS and CCS, including time to fracture healing, incidence of non-union, incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, incidence of failure of internal fixation, rate of femoral neck shortening, Harris hip score, Barthel index, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, fluoroscopy frequency, and complications. A meta-analysis was performed using RevManv5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration) and Stata v14.0 software.ResultsThis analysis included 21 studies involving 1,347 patients. The results showed that FNS was superior to CCS in terms of fracture healing time [mean difference (MD) = −0.75, 95% CI = (−1.04, −0.46), P < 0.05], incidence of bone non-union [odds ratio (OR) = 0.53, 95% CI = (0.29, 0.98), P = 0.04], incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head [OR = 0.49, 95% CI = (0.28, 0.86), P = 0.01], incidence of internal fixation failure [OR = 0.30, 95% CI = (0.18, 0.52), P < 0.05], rate of femoral neck shortening [OR = 0.38, 95% CI = (0.27, 0.54), P > 0.05], Harris hip score [MD = 3.31, 95% CI = (1.99, 4.63), P < 0.001], Barthel index [MD =  4.31, 95% CI = (3.02, 5.61), P < 0.05], intraoperative bleeding [MD = 14.72, 95% CI = (8.52, 20.92), P < 0.05], fluoroscopy frequency [OR = 0.53, 95% CI = (0.29, 0.98), P = 0.04], and complications [OR = 0.31, 95% CI = (0.22, 0.45), P < 0.05]. The difference between FNS and CCS in operative time was not statistically significant [MD = −2.41, 95% CI = (−6.88, 2.05), P = 0.29].ConclusionFNS treatment of femoral neck fracture can shorten the fracture healing time; reduce the incidence and translucent rate of bone non-union, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and internal fixation failure; reduce intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications; and improve hip joint function and activity. We are confident in the findings that FNS, an effective and safe procedure for internal fixation of femoral neck fractures, is superior to CCS

The reconstruction of fingertip injury by mini hallux toenail flap pedicled with the hallux transverse artery and toe pulp vein transplantation technique based on the equivalent design theory

Abstract Introduction How to reconstruct the damaged fingertip is a clinical problem. Our team propose the theory of equivalent design and use the mini toenail flap pedicled with the hallux transverse artery and toe pulp vein transplantation technique to reconstruct Allen’s type II fingertip injury. Thus, we perform the retrospective study to evaluate the effects of this technique on fingertip injury. Materials and methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 56 patients admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to January 2020 who used equivalently designed miniature hallux toenail flaps for the plastic repair of fingertip damage. We recorded the size of the miniature hallux toenail flap, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and complications and calculated the survival rate of the transplanted miniature hallux toenail flap. During routine follow-up after surgery, we recorded nail growth time and observed finger appearance. At the last time of follow-up, we recorded Semmes-Weinstein evaluating tactile sensation and Two-point discrimination testing (TPD). The efficacy was evaluated by Zook score evaluation. Results The size of the mini hallux toenail flap was 0.71 cm × 1.22 cm to 0.88 cm × 1.71 cm. The operation time was (3.54 ± 0.58) hours, the intraoperative blood loss was (20.66 ± 4.87) ml, and the survival rate of mini hallux toenail flaps was 100%. The postoperative follow-up time was (30.82 ± 11.21) months, and the total nail growth time was (9.68 ± 2.11) months. The average tactile sensation evaluated by the Semmes-Weinstein test was (0.32 ± 0.14) g, and the average TPD was (7.33 ± 1.02) mm. According to Zook score, the curative effect of fifty-six cases were all excellent or good with 100% excellent and good rate, and all patients had beautiful appearances and good function of damaged fingertips. Conclusions Based on the equivalent design theory, the mini hallux toenail flap pedicled with the hallux transverse artery and toe pulp vein transplantation technique is an effective method to reconstruct Allen’s type II fingertip injury with a beautiful appearance and good function. Type of study/level of evidence Therapeutic IV

Extraction of Micro-Doppler Feature Using LMD Algorithm Combined Supplement Feature for UAVs and Birds Classification

In the past few decades, the demand for reliable and robust systems capable of monitoring unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) increased significantly due to the security threats from its wide applications. During UAVs surveillance, birds are a typical confuser target. Therefore, discriminating UAVs from birds is critical for successful non-cooperative UAVs surveillance. Micro-Doppler signature (m-DS) reflects the scattering characteristics of micro-motion targets and has been utilized for many radar automatic target recognition (RATR) tasks. In this paper, the authors deploy local mean decomposition (LMD) to separate the m-DS of the micro-motion parts from the body returns of the UAVs and birds. After the separation, rotating parts will be obtained without the interference of the body components, and the m-DS features can also be revealed more clearly, which is conducive to feature extraction. What is more, there are some problems in using m-DS only for target classification. Firstly, extracting only m-DS features makes incomplete use of information in the spectrogram. Secondly, m-DS can be observed only for metal rotor UAVs, or large UAVs when they are closer to the radar. Lastly, m-DS cannot be observed when the size of the birds is small, or when it is gliding. The authors thus propose an algorithm for RATR of UAVs and interfering targets under a new system of L band staring radar. In this algorithm, to make full use of the information in the spectrogram and supplement the information in exceptional situations, m-DS, movement, and energy aggregation features of the target are extracted from the spectrogram. On the benchmark dataset, the proposed algorithm demonstrates a better performance than the state-of-the-art algorithms. More specifically, the equal error rate (EER) proposed is 2.56% lower than the existing methods, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm

Datasheet1_Femoral neck system vs. cannulated screws on treating femoral neck fracture: a meta-analysis and system review.docx

ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aimed to compare the relative safety and efficacy of cannulated compression screw (CCS) and femoral neck system (FNS) in treating patients with femoral neck fractures and to provide evidence-based medical evidence for FNS in treating femoral neck fractures.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched to collect outcomes related to femoral neck fractures treated with FNS and CCS, including time to fracture healing, incidence of non-union, incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, incidence of failure of internal fixation, rate of femoral neck shortening, Harris hip score, Barthel index, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, fluoroscopy frequency, and complications. A meta-analysis was performed using RevManv5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration) and Stata v14.0 software.ResultsThis analysis included 21 studies involving 1,347 patients. The results showed that FNS was superior to CCS in terms of fracture healing time [mean difference (MD) = −0.75, 95% CI = (−1.04, −0.46), P  0.05], Harris hip score [MD = 3.31, 95% CI = (1.99, 4.63), P ConclusionFNS treatment of femoral neck fracture can shorten the fracture healing time; reduce the incidence and translucent rate of bone non-union, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and internal fixation failure; reduce intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications; and improve hip joint function and activity. We are confident in the findings that FNS, an effective and safe procedure for internal fixation of femoral neck fractures, is superior to CCS.</p

An antibonding valence band maximum enables defect-tolerant and stable GeSe photovoltaics

In lead-halide perovskites, antibonding states at the valence band maximum (VBM)-the result of Pb 6s-I 5p coupling-enable defect-tolerant properties; however, questions surrounding stability, and a reliance on lead, remain challenges for perovskite solar cells. Here, we report that binary GeSe has a perovskite-like antibonding VBM arising from Ge 4s-Se 4p coupling; and that it exhibits similarly shallow bulk defects combined with high stability. We find that the deep defect density in bulk GeSe is ~1012 cm-3. We devise therefore a surface passivation strategy, and find that the resulting GeSe solar cells achieve a certified power conversion efficiency of 5.2%, 3.7 times higher than the best previously-reported GeSe photovoltaics. Unencapsulated devices show no efficiency loss after 12 months of storage in ambient conditions; 1100 hours under maximum power point tracking; a total ultraviolet irradiation dosage of 15 kWh m-2; and 60 thermal cycles from -40 to 85 °C.This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21922512, 21875264, 61725401), the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2017050). The work of Y.M., Y.H., A.P., and E.H.S. is supported by the US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (Grant Award NO. N00014-17-1-2524)

Sphingolipids in the Root Play an Important Role in Regulating the Leaf Ionome in Arabidopsis thaliana[W][OA]

Sphingolipids are a diverse group of essential membrane lipids thought to play important roles in both membrane function and cellular signaling. By identifying an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant lacking 3-ketodihydrosphinganine reductase, a critical enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis, this work uncovers a connection between sphingolipid metabolism in roots and whole-plant mineral ion homeostasis