EFFECT OF NISTHUSHAYADIKWATHA AND PHALATRIKADI KWATHA IN AMLAPITHA– A RANDOMISED COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY

Amlapitta may be a clinical entity manifesting within the Annavaha Srotas. Kashyapa and Madhava have described this disease thoroughly. Amlapitta has become quite common because of the change within the food and life styles, sophistication and a stressful life. It is characterized by Avipaka, Klama, Tiktodhgara, Amlodhgara, Gaurava, Hritkanthadaha and Aruchi indicating the Vikruthi of Pachakapitta, Kledakakapha and Samanavata. The etiological factors and therefore the symptomatology manifested relate Amlapitta to diseases mentioned under Acid Peptic Disorders. Nistushayadi Kwatha and Phalatrikadi kwatha were selected. The main objectives of the study are to study and compare the effect of Nistushayadi Kwatha and effect of Phalatrikadi kwatha in the management of Amlapitta. A total of 40 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected, and randomly assigned into two groups i.e., Group A and Group B, comprising of 20 patients each. Group A and Group B were administered Nistushayadi kwatha and Phalatrikadi Kwatha respectively for 30 days. Both the groups were advised Pathya Ahara. They were followed up after every 10th days. After the intervention the Samanya Lakshana of Amlapitta were observed, recorded and assessed. The overall assessment of both the groups, where group A receives Nistushyadi kwatha and group B Phalatrikadi kwatha shows promising improvement in the subjective parameters. Assessment was done using unpaired ‘t’ test between these two groups, the result was not quite statistically significant which means there is no much difference in the efficacy of these two formulation in the management of Amlapitta. Both the formulations shown nearly same outcome in the improvement of disease parameter. The reduction in the symptoms were started to be noticed by 7th day where the patients had reduction in Hrutkantha Daha, Aruchi, Kanthadaha and Angagourav. These symptoms resolved by 30th day

Oral Candidiasis Review: Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation, And Treatment Strategies

The candidiasis is an opportunistic infection commonly affecting the oral cavity. The most prevalent clinical symptoms of candidiasis seen in medical and dental practice is oral candidiasis. People who are extremely young, elderly, or already ill are more likely to develop the illness. The present review summarize classification, pathophysiology, laboratory diagnosis and treatment and management of oral candidiasis. Additionally, medicinal herbs and nutraceuticals can be explored as a safe, accessible, and cost-effective therapy option for oral candidiasis

Oral Candidiasis Review: Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation, And Treatment Strategies

The candidiasis is an opportunistic infection commonly affecting the oral cavity. The most prevalent clinical symptoms of candidiasis seen in medical and dental practice is oral candidiasis. People who are extremely young, elderly, or already ill are more likely to develop the illness. The present review summarize classification, pathophysiology, laboratory diagnosis and treatment and management of oral candidiasis. Additionally, medicinal herbs and nutraceuticals can be explored as a safe, accessible, and cost-effective therapy option for oral candidiasi

Non valvular atrial fibrillation stroke risk stratification by CHA2DS2-VASc score and short term outcomes

Background: Atrial fibrillation confers a high risk of stroke and is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Many scoring systems for have been proposed stroke risk stratification in atrial fibrillation. Peripheral thromboembolism, heart failure and death. The main objective of the study was to estimate CHA2DS2VASc score in cases of non valvular atrial fibrillation, to asses short term outcome in AF (stroke, thromboembolism, heart failure and death and to find out association of CHA2DS2VASc score with outcomes.Methods: 64 cases (29 M, 35 F) of non valvular AF were included in this prospective observational study.CHA2DS2VASc score was calculated and cases were categorized into low (score 0), intermediate (score 1 ) and high risk (score 2 ) for development of stroke. Cases were clinically evaluated and investigated for type, etiology, complications and comorbidities.Results: CHA2DS2VASc score was determined in 64 cases of non valvular AF. In 3 cases (4.6%) it was zero indicating low risk for stroke, 8 cases (12.5%) had CHA2DS2VASc score as 1had intermediate risk, and 53 cases (82.8%) had score 2 or more indicating high stroke risk (p<0.01). 3 cases of non valvular atrial fibrillation (4.6%) presented with stroke and all of them had CHA2DS2VASc score>2. At the end of 3 months, total no. of cases with stroke was reported to be 5 (7.8 %). Stroke risk was significantly higher in cases of CHA2DS2VASc score>2 (p<0.01). Congestive heart failure was reported in 32 (50%) cases. Peripheral embolism was documented in 1 case (1.5%). Overall Mortality at the end of 3 months was reported to be 7 (10.9%) and cases with CHA2DS2VASc score ≥2 had 13% mortality. CHA2DS2VASc score ≥2 was significantly associated with mortality (p<0.01). All 3 Cases with CHA2DS2VASc score as zero were uncomplicated. 8 cases (12.5%) had score as 1 and, out of these 8 cases, CHF was reported in 2 cases (25%), while 6 (75%) were uncomplicated.CHA2DS2VASc score ≥2 was reported in 53 cases (82.3%). This group had complications in the form of CHF in 30 cases (56.6 %), thromboembolism in 1 (1.8%), and stroke in 5 (9.4%) cases. Cases of AF with CHA2DS2VASc score >2 demonstrated significantly high incidence for stroke as compared to those with score as zero or one (p<0.01).Conclusions: CHA2DS2VASc is a simple score to predict stroke risk in cases of non valvular atrial fibrillation and is easy to estimate. CHA2DS2VASc score ≥2; is associated with high incidence of stroke in cases of non valvular AF. CHA2DS2VASc score≥2 is associated with mortality as a short term adverse outcome in non valvular atrial fibrillation.

Synthesis, molecular docking and biological evaluation of new quinoline analogues as potent anti-breast cancer and antibacterial agents

1215-1222A new class of quinoline analogues have been synthesized from isatin through two steps in good yields. They have been further evaluated for their anticancer activity against a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus 6538p and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). All synthesized compounds have been confirmed by spectral characterization viz. FT-IR, MS, HPLC, 1H and 13C NMR. Among them, compound 4h exhibits promising anti-breast cancer activity whereas compounds 4d, 4f, 4h and 4j exhibit moderate antibacterial activity against all the tested organisms. Molecular docking analysis demonstrates the interaction of compound 4h with the active site amino acid of Human Carbonic Anhydrase I, Protein Kinase A and Kinesin Spindle Protein (KSP)

Synthesis, molecular docking and biological evaluation of new quinoline analogues as potent anti-breast cancer and antibacterial agents

A new class of quinoline analogues have been synthesized from isatin through two steps in good yields. They have been further evaluated for their anticancer activity against a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus 6538p and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). All synthesized compounds have been confirmed by spectral characterization viz. FT-IR, MS, HPLC, 1H and 13C NMR. Among them, compound 4h exhibits promising anti-breast cancer activity whereas compounds 4d, 4f, 4h and 4j exhibit moderate antibacterial activity against all the tested organisms. Molecular docking analysis demonstrates the interaction of compound 4h with the active site amino acid of Human Carbonic Anhydrase I, Protein Kinase A and Kinesin Spindle Protein (KSP).

A rare myoepithelioma of the sinonasal cavity: case report

Myoepithelioma is a rare benign neoplasm. Pure accounting for less than 1% of all salivary gland tumors. Only three cases of sinonasal myoepithelioma have been reported in the literature. Diagnosis of myoepithelioma through light microscopy is possible and immunohistochemistry is done to facilitate the diagnosis. The lesion is so rare that there are no specific indications/guidelines for its treatment. We report to you a rare case of sinonasal myoepithelioma in a 57 year old Asian female

Tumor Necrosis Factor-mediated survival of CD169⁺ cells promotes immune activation during vesicular stomatitis virus infection

Innate immune activation is essential to mount an effective antiviral response and to prime adaptive immunity. Although a crucial role of CD169+ cells during vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infections is increasingly recognized, factors regulating CD169+ cells during viral infections remain unclear. Here, we show that tumor necrosis factor is produced by CD11b+ Ly6C+ Ly6G+ cells following infection with VSV. The absence of TNF or TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) resulted in reduced numbers of CD169+ cells and in reduced type I interferon (IFN-I) production during VSV infection, with a severe disease outcome. Specifically, TNF triggered RelA translocation into the nuclei of CD169+ cells; this translocation was inhibited when the paracaspase MALT-1 was absent. Consequently, MALT1 deficiency resulted in reduced VSV replication, defective innate immune activation, and development of severe disease. These findings indicate that TNF mediates the maintenance of CD169+ cells and innate and adaptive immune activation during VSV infection

Fragile X mental retardation protein protects against tumour necrosis factor-mediated cell death and liver injury.

peer reviewed[en] OBJECTIVE: The Fragile X mental retardation (FMR) syndrome is a frequently inherited intellectual disability caused by decreased or absent expression of the FMR protein (FMRP). Lack of FMRP is associated with neuronal degradation and cognitive dysfunction but its role outside the central nervous system is insufficiently studied. Here, we identify a role of FMRP in liver disease. DESIGN: Mice lacking Fmr1 gene expression were used to study the role of FMRP during tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-induced liver damage in disease model systems. Liver damage and mechanistic studies were performed using real-time PCR, Western Blot, staining of tissue sections and clinical chemistry. RESULTS: Fmr1null mice exhibited increased liver damage during virus-mediated hepatitis following infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Exposure to TNF resulted in severe liver damage due to increased hepatocyte cell death. Consistently, we found increased caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation following TNF stimulation. Furthermore, we demonstrate FMRP to be critically important for regulating key molecules in TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1)-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis including CYLD, c-FLIPS and JNK, which contribute to prolonged RIPK1 expression. Accordingly, the RIPK1 inhibitor Necrostatin-1s could reduce liver cell death and alleviate liver damage in Fmr1null mice following TNF exposure. Consistently, FMRP-deficient mice developed increased pathology during acute cholestasis following bile duct ligation, which coincided with increased hepatic expression of RIPK1, RIPK3 and phosphorylation of MLKL. CONCLUSIONS: We show that FMRP plays a central role in the inhibition of TNF-mediated cell death during infection and liver disease