A two-step approach for interest estimation from gaze behavior in digital catalog browsing

While eye gaze data contain promising clues for inferring the interests of viewers of digital catalog content, viewers often dynamically switch their focus of attention. As a result, a direct application of conventional behavior analysis techniques, such as topic models, tends to be affected by items or attributes of little or no interest to the viewer. To overcome this limitation, we need to identify “when” the user compares items and to detect “which attribute types/values” reflect the user’s interest. This paper proposes a novel two-step approach to addressing these needs. Specifically, we introduce a likelihood-based short-term analysis method as the first step of the approach to simultaneously determine comparison phases of browsing and detect the attributes on which the viewer focuses, even when the attributes cannot be directly obtained from gaze points. Using probabilistic latent semantic analysis, we show that this short-term analysis step greatly improves the results of the subsequent step. The effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated in terms of the capability to extract combinations of attributes relevant to the viewer’s interest, which we call aspects, and also to estimate the interest described by these aspects

Frequency-Domain Model Order Reduction of Electromagnetic Field in Induction Motor

A model order reduction (MOR) method for an induction motor using a Cauer ladder network (CLN) is developed in the frequency domain. A multiport frequency transformation between the stator and mover domains is derived by neglecting the spatial harmonic interactions. Even after neglecting the harmonic interactions, the reduced model provides a reasonably accurate frequency response, which is more accurate than that of the conventional approximated equivalent circuit

Molecular-Cloud-Scale Chemical Composition I: Mapping Spectral Line Survey toward W51 in the 3 mm Band

We have conducted a mapping spectral line survey toward the Galactic giant molecular cloud W51 in the 3 mm band with the Mopra 22 m telescope in order to study an averaged chemical composition of the gas extended over a molecular cloud scale in our Galaxy. We have observed the area of $25' \times 30'$, which corresponds to 39 pc $\times$ 47 pc. The frequency ranges of the observation are 85.1 - 101.1 GHz and 107.0 - 114.9 GHz. In the spectrum spatially averaged over the observed area, spectral lines of 12 molecular species and 4 additional isotopologues are identified. An intensity pattern of the spatially-averaged spectrum is found to be similar to that of the spiral arm in the external galaxy M51, indicating that these two sources have similar chemical compositions. The observed area has been classified into 5 sub-regions according to the integrated intensity of $^{13}$CO($J=1-0$) ($I_{\rm ^{13}CO}$), and contributions of the fluxes of 11 molecular lines from each sub-region to the averaged spectrum have been evaluated. For most of molecular species, 50 % or more of the flux come from the sub-regions with $I_{\rm ^{13}CO}$ from 25 K km s$^{-1}$ to 100 K km s$^{-1}$, which does not involve active star forming regions. Therefore, the molecular-cloud-scale spectrum observed in the 3 mm band hardly represents the chemical composition of star forming cores, but mainly represents the chemical composition of an extended quiescent molecular gas. The present result constitutes a sound base for interpreting the spectra of external galaxies at a resolution of a molecular cloud scale ($\sim10$ pc) or larger.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap