Efficacy and safety of various drugs used for the treatment of nonneurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms in tertiary care hospital

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are common in elder men. Previously surgical treatment was mainstay of treatment of BPH. But now number of drugs alone or combined are clinically used for this disorder. Primary aim was to study the prescribing pattern of different drug therapies and their role in treating LUTS/BPH by evaluating their efficacy and safety in tertiary health care centre.Methods: An observational study including 78 male patients ≥45 years, newly diagnosed with LUTS from April 2014 to May 2015. Patients were followed up every 4 weeks for 3 months after the drug has been prescribed. Efficacy assessment was done on basis of change in IPSS score over 12 weeks. Data was expressed in percentage and Mean ±SD.Results: Mean age of Patients was 64.94 years. Alpha blockers are mainstay prescribed drug either as monotherapy (48.7%) or with 5 alpha reductase inhibitor-dutasteride (38.4%) and with antimuscarinic –Tolterodene (12.8%). Among alpha blockers Tamsulosin (58.97%) was most commonly prescribed, followed by Silodosin (20.5%) and Alfuzosin (20.5%). All drug treatment results in significant improvement with dizziness being the most common adverse event. A subgroup analysis in symptoms was done comparing alpha blockers. All alpha blockers have near about similar efficacy with no significant difference.Conclusions: Alpha blockers are main drugs prescribed in management of LUTS/BPH with near about similar efficacy of all alpha blockers

Utilization of Agroresidues for the Production of Xylanase by <i>Bacillus safensis</i> XPS7 and Optimization of Production Parameters

The main objective of this study was to investigate the utilization of various agro-industrial wastes such as wheat bran, wheat husk, wheat straw, peanut powder, pomace, corn cobs, rice straw, sawdust and sugarcane bagasse for the cost-effective production of xylanase by Bacillus safensis XPS7 using the one-variable-at-a-time approach. A number of bacterial strains were isolated from different locations in the cold desert region of Himachal Pradesh, India. Among these, the hyperproducing strain designated as XPS7 was selected for optimized production of xylanase and identified as B. safensis based on 16S rDNA gene analysis. B. safensis XPS7 produced the maximum xylanase (141.28 U/mL) at 45 °C, pH 9, 24 h incubation time, 2% (w/v) wheat straw and wheat bran mixture as carbon source and 1.5% (w/v) ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source in modified Riviere’s medium. The results showed that the combination of wheat straw and wheat bran proved to be a cheap and abundant source for the hyper production of xylanase and can be used as an inexpensive base (carbon source) for large scale industrial production of enzymes. In addition, the use of waste for the economic production of enzymes will also help to minimize the environmental problems associated with the disposal of agro-industrial waste

Utilization of Agroresidues for the Production of Xylanase by Bacillus safensis XPS7 and Optimization of Production Parameters

The main objective of this study was to investigate the utilization of various agro-industrial wastes such as wheat bran, wheat husk, wheat straw, peanut powder, pomace, corn cobs, rice straw, sawdust and sugarcane bagasse for the cost-effective production of xylanase by Bacillus safensis XPS7 using the one-variable-at-a-time approach. A number of bacterial strains were isolated from different locations in the cold desert region of Himachal Pradesh, India. Among these, the hyperproducing strain designated as XPS7 was selected for optimized production of xylanase and identified as B. safensis based on 16S rDNA gene analysis. B. safensis XPS7 produced the maximum xylanase (141.28 U/mL) at 45 &deg;C, pH 9, 24 h incubation time, 2% (w/v) wheat straw and wheat bran mixture as carbon source and 1.5% (w/v) ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source in modified Riviere&rsquo;s medium. The results showed that the combination of wheat straw and wheat bran proved to be a cheap and abundant source for the hyper production of xylanase and can be used as an inexpensive base (carbon source) for large scale industrial production of enzymes. In addition, the use of waste for the economic production of enzymes will also help to minimize the environmental problems associated with the disposal of agro-industrial waste

Efficacy and safety of various drugs used for the treatment of nonneurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms in tertiary care hospital

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are common in elder men. Previously surgical treatment was mainstay of treatment of BPH. But now number of drugs alone or combined are clinically used for this disorder. Primary aim was to study the prescribing pattern of different drug therapies and their role in treating LUTS/BPH by evaluating their efficacy and safety in tertiary health care centre. Methods: An observational study including 78 male patients and #8805;45 years, newly diagnosed with LUTS from April 2014 to May 2015. Patients were followed up every 4 weeks for 3 months after the drug has been prescribed. Efficacy assessment was done on basis of change in IPSS score over 12 weeks. Data was expressed in percentage and Mean +/-SD. Results: Mean age of Patients was 64.94 years. Alpha blockers are mainstay prescribed drug either as monotherapy (48.7%) or with 5 alpha reductase inhibitor-dutasteride (38.4%) and with antimuscarinic and ndash;Tolterodene (12.8%). Among alpha blockers Tamsulosin (58.97%) was most commonly prescribed, followed by Silodosin (20.5%) and Alfuzosin (20.5%). All drug treatment results in significant improvement with dizziness being the most common adverse event. A subgroup analysis in symptoms was done comparing alpha blockers. All alpha blockers have near about similar efficacy with no significant difference. Conclusions: Alpha blockers are main drugs prescribed in management of LUTS/BPH with near about similar efficacy of all alpha blockers. [Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2016; 5(2.000): 517-522

Solvent-Dependent Self-Assembly and Aggregation-Induced Emission in Zn(II) Complexes Containing Phenothiazine-Based Terpyridine Ligand and Its Efficacy in Pyrophosphate Sensing

Zn­(II) complexes <b>MTPY–ZnCl</b>_<b>2</b> (<b>C1</b>) and <b>MTPY–Zn­(NO</b>_<b>3</b><b>)</b>_<b>2</b> (<b>C2</b>) based on a new D–A type ligand <b>MTPY</b> involving phenothiazine donor and terpyridine acceptor units have been described. The ligand <b>MTPY</b> and complexes <b>C1</b> and <b>C2</b> display intramolecular charge transfer and substantial solvatochromism. Solid-state emission studies on <b>MTPY</b> further substantiated the occurrence of concentration-induced emission in this molecule. In addition, the complexes <b>C1</b> and <b>C2</b> displayed a solvent-dependent self-assembly which has been examined as a function of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of the solvent systems. The role of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of a solvent and compounds on morphology and emission characteristics of the self-assembled aggregates has been investigated by UV–vis, emission, and scanning electron microscopy studies. In addition, it has been categorically shown that aggregation-induced emission in <b>C1</b> offers a simple, sensitive, and rapid means for the detection of pyrophosphates (<b>PPi</b>) in the aqueous medium. Job’s plot analysis suggested a 3:1 binding stoichiometry between <b>C1</b> and <b>PPi</b>, which has been supported by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and density functional theory. Further, higher affinity of <b>PPi</b> toward <b>C1</b> over <b>C2</b> has also been rationalized by theoretical studies