The Efficacy of the Integrated Child Development Services in Perspective to Nutritional Condition and Growth Development

A survey was conducted to assess the nutritional status of children (0-6 years) among 40 Anganwadis in 4 districts of Kerala State registered under the ICDS scheme. A self- prepared structured interview schedule was used. To get the qualitative information of the study anthropometric measures include height and weight were used for assessing nutritional status of the children. The stepwise analysis of two variables height for age and weight for age was applicable on the basis of Waterlow\u27s and Gomez\u27 classification. To examine the relationship between nutritional status of the child and selected variable that affects nutritional status of children, Chi-square test was employed. Based on Gomez\u27 classification, out of 400 children, only 300 (75.0%) of children received supplementary nutrition through ICDS out of which 250 (62.5%) children were normal while 50 (12.5%) were underweight. Based on Waterlow\u27s classification out of 400 children, only 290 (72.5%) of children received supplementary nutrition through ICDS out of these children 200 (50 %) were normal while 90 (22.5%) were stunted. It can thus be concluded that majority of children were normal who received supplementary nutrition through ICDS

An Experimental Study on the Formation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons during the Pyrolysis and Oxidation of Catechol[ortho-Dihydroxybenzene]-A Model Compound Representative of Structural Units in Coal, Wood, and Biomass

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) formed during the pyrolysis and combustion of solid fuels like coal, wood, and biomass are widespread environmental pollutants. Since some PAH are known to exhibit carcinogenic and mutagenic activity, understanding the chemical reactions responsible for PAH formation is of utmost importance. To better understand the reactions leading to the formation of PAH from complex solid fuels, pyrolysis and oxidation experiments have been performed in an isothermal laminar-flow reactor, using the model fuel catechol (ortho-dihydroxybenzene), a phenol-type compound representative of structural entities in coal, wood, and biomass. Catechol pyrolysis experiments have also been performed in the presence of: (1) acetylene, a major growth species in combustion environments, and (2) 1,3-butadiene, a major product of the pyrolysis of coal, wood, and biomass. Experiments have been conducted over a temperature range of 500-1000 oC and at a fixed residence time of 0.3 s. The pyrolysis products are analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography with diode-array ultraviolet-visible absorbance detection and mass spectrometric detection, by gas chromatography with flame-ionization and mass spectrometric detection, and by nondispersive infrared analysis. Analysis of the catechol pyrolysis products has led to the identification of 13 C1-C6 non-aromatic species, 5 one-ring aromatics, 7 oxygen-containing organics, and 104 PAH. Of these, 50 (including 47 PAH) have never before been reported as products of catechol or any phenol-type fuel. A new set of “rules” has been developed for the identification of methylene-bridged PAH. Employing these “rules,” two C25H14 methylene-bridged PAH have been identified that have never before been reported as products of any fuel. Product quantification reveals that catechol’s relatively labile O-H bond and capacity for generating oxygen-containing radicals accelerate both fuel conversion and the pyrolysis reactions leading to 1- and 2-ring aromatics and PAH. Among the C1-C5 species, 1,3-butadiene appears to be the most important intermediate in PAH formation from catechol. The results are consistent with the C2 and C4 radicals being the dominant growth species. Reactions responsible for the formation of the C1-C10 products from catechol, under pyrolytic and oxidative conditions, are discussed. A tentative PAH formation mechanism during catechol pyrolysis is presented

The apterous endemic genus Omphra Dejean (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Helluonini) of the Indian subcontinent : taxonomy with notes on habits and distributional patterns

Among the four oriental genera of the tribe Helluonini, Omphra Dejean (Coleoptera: Carabidae), is unique for its endemism to the Indian subcontinent and aptery. High intraspecies variability in morphological characters and limited diagnostic information makes species differentiation of the genus Omphra a complicated task. The present study provides a description of a new species, Omphra drumonti n. sp. from the Western Ghats, redescriptions and a key to the species of Omphra, details of intraspecies variation, discussion of relationships between taxa and distributional patterns of the genus. Based on the distributional patterns in the Indian subcontinent and flightlessness of the genus, inability to cross the physical barrier of the Ganges–Brahmaputra delta between north and peninsular India is indicated as the reason for its absence in the northeastern Indian subcontinent and endemism to the lower Indian subcontinent

An overview on the allelic variant of CYP2D6 genotype

The paper gives an overview on the allelic variant of CYP2D6 genotype. The gene CYP2D6*3 encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 super family of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis ofcholesterol, steroids and other lipids. The protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and is known to metabolize as many as 20% of commonly prescribed drugs. Its substrates include debrisoquine, anadrenergic-blocking drug; sparteine and propafenone, both anti-arrythmic drugs; and amitryptiline, an anti-depressant. The emerging application of pharmacogenomics in the clinical trials requires careful comparison with the traditional genotypic methodologies particularly in the drug metabolism area.Keywords: CYP2D6 gene, PCR, CYP2D6*3, allelic variant

The Efficacy of The Integrated Child Development Services in Perspective to Nutritional Condition and Growth Development

A survey was conducted to assess the nutritional status of children (0-6 years) among 40 Anganwadis in 4 districts of Kerala State registered under the ICDS scheme. A self- prepared structured interview schedule was used. To get the qualitative information of the study anthropometric measures include height and weight were used for assessing nutritional status of the children. The stepwise analysis of two variables height for age and weight for age was applicable on the basis of Waterlow’s and Gomez’ classification. To examine the relationship between nutritional status of the child and selected variable that affects nutritional status of children, Chi-square test was employed. Based on Gomez’ classification, out of 400 children, only 300 (75.0%) of children received supplementary nutrition through ICDS out of which 250 (62.5%) children were normal while 50 (12.5%) were underweight. Based on Waterlow’s classification out of 400 children, only 290 (72.5%) of children received supplementary nutrition through ICDS out of these children 200 (50 %) were normal while 90 (22.5%) were stunted. It can thus be concluded that majority of children were normal who received supplementary nutrition through ICDS

The Effectiveness of Teaching Programme Regarding Prevention and Management Napkin Dermatitis in Allahabad

The neonates are unique in several ways in comparison with older children and adults which render them highly susceptible to severe dermatological disorders. Skin diseases in infancy and childhood often-present patterns, which may diverge from the same diseases in adults. Infants can get a variety of skin diseases, and some are more common than others. Infants are particularly at risk for developing diaper dermatitis and its potential consequences. It is one of the most common skin problems in infants and children, affecting between 7 and 35 per cent of infants at some point. Diaper rash occurs most commonly in infants between ages nine and 12 months, but can occur at any time the child wears a diaper. The present study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on prevention and management of napkin dermatitis in infants’ on mothers residing at Rural Naini, Allahabad. The conceptual framework set up for the study is Conceptual framework based on modified general system theory (Bertalamffy & JW Kenny). The model which has four phases i.e. input, throughput, output and feedback, context, It provide comprehension, systematic and continuous ongoing frame work for program evaluation and hence helped the investigator to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on prevention and management of napkin dermatitis in infants and assess the level of knowledge gained by the mothers regarding prevention and management of napkin dermatitis in infants. In this study various literature was reviewed which includes, the research design selected for the study was pre experimental research design of one group pre-test post-test design. The independent variable was structured teaching programme and dependent variables were level of knowledge of mothers in pre-test and post-test.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v2i1.133

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programm on Knowledge Regarding Paediatric Emergency Drugs and Calculation of Doses among B.Sc. Nursing Students in Selected Nursing Colleges at Bhopal (M.P.)

The drug administration is a vital part in the care of children and all the more in the care of critically ill children. The nurse is wholly responsible for the drugs administered by her during the emergency situations of child care. A quantitative research approach has been used in this study. The data was collected by using a socio-demographic variables and a structured knowledge questionnaire on paediatric emergency drugs following which a structured teaching programme on paediatric emergency drus and calculation of doses was administered to the B Sc Nursing students on the same day. The data analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics like frequency, percentage , chi square and Z test. Among 50 B Sc Nursing students 64% had inadequate knowledge and 36% of the students had moderately adequate knowledge. After the effectiveness of structured teaching programme the mean pre test knowledge score were 16.44 and post test knowledge scores were 27.32 which showed the effectiveness. In association with pre test knowledge scores, there is no statistically significant association between knowledge score of B Sc Nursing students and socio demographic variables

Comparing Crime Rates Before and After the Covid-19 Pandemic in the United States

We will compare the rates of several types of crime in each state before and after the covid-19 pandemic. The results will be presented on the United States map for clear visualization. In addition, an interactive app will be created to allow for smooth workflow.