The Essence and Constituents of the Regulatory Potential of the State in Terms of Ensuring Customs Interests

The essence and constituents of the regulatory potential of the State in terms of ensuring customs interests are researched from the standpoint of systemality and comprehensiveness. The carried out analysis of scientific approaches on application of the instrumentarium of regulatory potential of the State made possible to identify its main constituents, which directly impact the customs interests of the State, their spectral measurements helped to evaluate the fundamental basis of interaction. In the course of the research, it is determined that besides the leading role of the customs policy, the regulatory potential of the State is an important mobilization resource capable of effectively impacting the ensuring of customs interests. Both analysis and systematization of scientific-theoretical developments in the field of the chosen vector of research, allowed to define essence of the State administration as one of the main components of regulatory potential of the State ensuring of customs interests. Emphasis is placed on the static character of administrative management, which impacts the implementation of ensuring customs security and protection of customs interests, also directions towards eliminating the relevant contradictions are proposed

The Dialectic of the State Regulation of Provision of Customs Interests of the State

The article considers the dialectic of economic relations arising in the provision of customs interests from the standpoint of the State regulation. The scientific-theoretical groundworks in the field of the chosen vector of research are analyzed and systematized, on the basis of what the dialectical approach to understanding the essence and purposes of tiered interaction of subjects in providing own interests in the customs sphere is proposed. In the course of research, the leading role of customs policy was defined as an important component of the system of customs interests. The main aspects of influence in the plane of international, macro- and micro-levels, interaction of economic entities on the provision of customs interests of the State are allocated and substantiated. Prospects for further researches in this direction is definition of essence of the concept of «regulatory potential of the State», and also allocation of the dominants and criteria for its estimation in provision of customs interests

Theoretical and Methodological Bases for Defining the Category “State Regulatory Capacity”: Gnoseological Aspect

The category “state regulatory capacity” is considered from the positions of the epistemological approach and in the context of understanding events, phenomena, and processes that arise while realizing customs interests of subjects of foreign economic activity. In the course of the study it was found that under conditions of transparency and transformation of the global economic space, the need to identify the positions for enhancing the state regulatory capacity in the context of realizing national interests is an imperative of our time. The standpoints of scientists in understanding the essence of the definition of “state regulatory capacity” are analyzed and systematized, and the author’s approach to the interpretation of the definition is proposed. Emphasis is made on the multi-vector character of the standpoints in understanding the essence of the maxim, which in the general format reduces the effectiveness of its application and affects the nation-wide condition of the functioning of the state regulation system as a whole. There determined the standpoint of interpreting the maxim by scientists belonging to the Western economic school, who see the category “state regulatory capacity” mainly as human, financial resources, legislative base, and experience, unlike domestic researchers focusing on the opportunities and means that ensure efficiency of the regulation process. The differentiation of using the concept in the context of types of activities is provided. Attention is focused on the leading role of the state in terms of ensuring its managerial and organizational role, implementing regulatory capacity to realize its customs interests. A hypothesis is formed that it is the mechanisms of state regulation that are used to search for hidden resources and mobilize available reserves, opportunities, and resources in achieving positive indicators of economic activity; ensure close relationship between the state regulatory capacity and measures and instruments of state regulation of the economy

Reproductive health and human rights: concept, features and classification

The article explores the features of reproductive health legal regulation in Ukraine. The concept of “reproductive rights” is proposed, their basic principles are revealed, elements of the system of such human rights and criteria for their classification are introduced. Legal norms don`t fully provide opportunities for individuals` reproductive rights realization and preservation of their reproductive health. The purpose of the article is to disclose the features of legal regulation of reproductive rights implementation when studying the concepts of “health and human rights” and “the concept of reproductive rights”. The methodology of this research is based on use of general scientific and special cognitical methods. Comparative legal and comparative methods have allowed studying of laws governing the human right to access “assisted reproductive technologies”. The formal logical method was used to differentiate the criteria for distinguishing between legal structures “reproductive health”, “protection of reproductive health” and “reproductive rights”. The modeling, analysis and synthesis methods made it possible to identify the legal basis for human rights protection in reproductive health field, the principles for reproductive rights implementation, the reproductive rights system and their classification, and deficiencies in legal regulation. The results of this work allowed us to identify the legal problems of legislation that arise in the reproductive human rights implementation. It was proposed the adoption of a single legislative act in Ukraine, which would comprehensively regulate the reproductive health protection, consolidate reproductive human rights and provide guarantees for their implementation

ON SOME FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RIGHT TO INCLUSIVE EDUCATIONS OF HUMAN WITH DISABILITIES IN UKRAINE

Purpose: This article is devoted to the search for effective solutions to modern legal problems of the realization of human rights, including children, for inclusive education in Ukraine. Methodology: The method of integral analysis of legal regulation in the field of inclusive education in Ukraine has allowed us to consider it in development and interconnection to reveal the existing directions and patterns as a whole. The comparative method has come in handy in the study of legislation governing the right of people to inclusive education. Modeling, analysis, and synthesis methods have revealed the advantages and disadvantages of legal regulation in the field of inclusive education. Main findings: The article discusses the features of legal problems of the implementation of rights to inclusive education of humans with limited opportunities in Ukraine. Possible ways of improving the legal regulation of the implementation of human rights to inclusive education are proposed. According to the authors, one of such methods is the passing of separate legislative, legal norms regarding the development of inclusive education for children with various functional disorders, the development of inclusive education at higher educational institutions. The authors substantiate the conclusion that the human right to inclusive education at the international level is a legal human right that has great practical value for students with disabilities and should exclude any form of discrimination. Implications: This article can be used in the practical activities of lawyers, students, and teachers of law higher education, and is also recommended for review by persons with disabilities. Novelty: This study examined the problems of legal support of human rights to inclusive education in Ukraine and suggested ways to solve them

Efficacy, pharmacokinetics and safety of subcutaneous versus intravenous CT-P13 in rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized phase I/III trial

Objective. To assess non-inferiority of s.c. to i.v. CT-P13 in RA. Methods. Patients with active RA and inadequate response to MTX participated in this phase I/III double-blind study at 76 sites. Patients received CT-P13 i.v. 3 mg/kg [week (W) 0 and W2] before randomization (1:1) at W6 to CT-P13 s.c. via pre-filled syringe (PFS) 120 mg biweekly until W28, or CT-P13 i.v. 3 mg/kg every 8 weeks until W22. Randomization was stratified by country, W2 serum CRP and W6 body weight. From W30, all patients received CT-P13 s.c. In a usability sub- study, patients received CT-P13 s.c. via auto-injector (W46–54) then PFS (W56–64). The primary endpoint was change (decrease) from baseline in disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28)-CRP at W22 (non-inferiority margin: -0.6). Results. Of 357 patients enrolled, 343 were randomized to CT-P13 s.c. (n ¼ 167) or CT-P13 i.v. (n ¼ 176) at W6. The least-squares mean change (decrease) from baseline (standard error) in DAS28-CRP at W22 was 2.21 (0.22) for CT-P13 s.c. (n ¼ 162) and 1.94 (0.21) for CT-P13 i.v. [n ¼ 168; difference 0.27 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.52)], establishing non-inferiority. Efficacy findings were similar between arms at W54. Safety was similar between arms throughout: 92 (54.8%; CT-P13 s.c.) and 117 (66.9%; CT-P13 i.v.) patients experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (from W6). There were no treatment-related deaths or new safety findings. Usability was similar for CT-P13 s.c. via auto-injector or PFS. Conclusion. CT-P13 s.c. was non-inferior to CT-P13 i.v. in active RA. The convenience of s.c. administration could benefit patients

Basic science232. Certolizumab pegol prevents pro-inflammatory alterations in endothelial cell function

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major comorbidity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a leading cause of death. Chronic systemic inflammation involving tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) could contribute to endothelial activation and atherogenesis. A number of anti-TNF therapies are in current use for the treatment of RA, including certolizumab pegol (CZP), (Cimzia ®; UCB, Belgium). Anti-TNF therapy has been associated with reduced clinical cardiovascular disease risk and ameliorated vascular function in RA patients. However, the specific effects of TNF inhibitors on endothelial cell function are largely unknown. Our aim was to investigate the mechanisms underpinning CZP effects on TNF-activated human endothelial cells. Methods: Human aortic endothelial cells (HAoECs) were cultured in vitro and exposed to a) TNF alone, b) TNF plus CZP, or c) neither agent. Microarray analysis was used to examine the transcriptional profile of cells treated for 6 hrs and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysed gene expression at 1, 3, 6 and 24 hrs. NF-κB localization and IκB degradation were investigated using immunocytochemistry, high content analysis and western blotting. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect microparticle release from HAoECs. Results: Transcriptional profiling revealed that while TNF alone had strong effects on endothelial gene expression, TNF and CZP in combination produced a global gene expression pattern similar to untreated control. The two most highly up-regulated genes in response to TNF treatment were adhesion molecules E-selectin and VCAM-1 (q 0.2 compared to control; p > 0.05 compared to TNF alone). The NF-κB pathway was confirmed as a downstream target of TNF-induced HAoEC activation, via nuclear translocation of NF-κB and degradation of IκB, effects which were abolished by treatment with CZP. In addition, flow cytometry detected an increased production of endothelial microparticles in TNF-activated HAoECs, which was prevented by treatment with CZP. Conclusions: We have found at a cellular level that a clinically available TNF inhibitor, CZP reduces the expression of adhesion molecule expression, and prevents TNF-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, CZP prevents the production of microparticles by activated endothelial cells. This could be central to the prevention of inflammatory environments underlying these conditions and measurement of microparticles has potential as a novel prognostic marker for future cardiovascular events in this patient group. Disclosure statement: Y.A. received a research grant from UCB. I.B. received a research grant from UCB. S.H. received a research grant from UCB. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interes

Адаптация законодательства Украины о контроле над оборотом наркотиков к законодательству Европейского Союза (отдельные аспекты)

Certain aspects of the adaptation of regulatory legal acts of Ukraine in the field of drug trafficking control to EU legislation were studied. The basis of this study uses an interdisciplinary approach using comparative legal, dialectical and systemic methods. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the world community does not have a unanimous opinion on legal issues and areas of the modern drug control regime that would meet the needs of the social and legal society and the current state of the drug situation in the countries of the world, and health problems. It was established that the adaptation of the regulatory legal acts of Ukraine in the field of drug trafficking control, the fight against their use and treatment of drug addiction of patients should be based on the implementation of public health programs. n its areas, should include the prevention of disease, prolonging life and improving the health and well-being of the entire population, including drug-addicted patients, for whom the state has an inherent responsibility. Ukraine participates in Council of Europe conventions which establish common standards for this organization and the European Union, it is important for the legal regulation of drug control in the health field, but some norms of national legislation require consistency with the norms of UN Conventions, and it is important to use positive legislative experience of selected countries of the European Union. It is proposed to amend the regulatory legal acts that will improve legal ways to protect people's rights to health protection.Були вивчені окремі аспекти адаптації нормативно-правових актів України у сфері контролю за обігом наркотиків до законодавства ЄС. В основі цього дослідження використовується міждисциплінарний підхід з використанням порівняльно-правових, діалектичних та системних методів. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що світова спільнота не має одностайної думки щодо правових питань та сфер сучасного режиму контролю над наркотиками, які б відповідали потребам соціального та правового суспільства та сучасному стану наркотичної ситуації в країнах світ та проблеми зі здоров’ям. Встановлено, що адаптація нормативно-правових актів України у сфері контролю над наркоторгівлею, боротьби з їх вживанням та лікуванням наркоманії пацієнтів має ґрунтуватися на виконанні програм охорони здоров'я. n її сфери повинні включати запобігання захворювань, продовження життя та покращення здоров'я та добробуту всього населення, включаючи хворих на наркоманію, за які держава несе відповідальність. Україна бере участь у конвенціях Ради Європи, які встановлюють єдині стандарти для цієї організації та Європейського Союзу, важливі для правового регулювання контролю над наркотиками у сфері охорони здоров'я, проте деякі норми національного законодавства потребують узгодження з нормами Конвенцій ООН та важливо використовувати позитивний законодавчий досвід окремих країн Європейського Союзу. Пропонується ввести зміни до нормативно-правових актів, які покращать правові способи захисту прав людей на охорону здоров'я.Были рассмотрены некоторые аспекты адаптации нормативных правовых актов Украины в сфере контроля над оборотом наркотиков к законодательству ЕС. В основе данного исследования используется междисциплинарный подход с использованием сравнительно-правовых, диалектических и системных методов. Акцент делается на тот факт, что мировое сообщество не имеет единодушного мнения по правовым вопросам и областям современного режима контроля над наркотиками, которые отвечали бы потребностям социально-правового общества и нынешнему состоянию наркоситуации в странах мир и проблемы со здоровьем. Установлено, что адаптация нормативных правовых актов Украины в сфере контроля над оборотом наркотиков, борьба с их употреблением и лечением наркозависимости пациентов должна основываться на реализации программ общественного здравоохранения. В его областях должно быть предотвращение заболеваний, продление жизни и улучшение здоровья и благополучия всего населения, включая пациентов с наркозависимостью, за которые государство несет неотъемлемую ответственность. Украина участвует в конвенциях Совета Европы, которые устанавливают общие стандарты для этой организации и Европейского Союза, это важно для правового регулирования контроля над наркотиками в области здравоохранения, но некоторые нормы национального законодательства требуют соответствия нормам конвенций ООН, и важно использовать положительный законодательный опыт отдельных стран Европейского Союза. Предлагается внести поправки в нормативно-правовые акты, которые позволят усовершенствовать правовые способы защиты прав людей на охрану здоровья

Vitamin D level in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: its relationship to disease course and bone mineral density

Objective To determine vitamin D levels in patients with SLE and evaluate their relationship to bone mineral density (BMD) and the disease course.Methods The study included 101 patients with SLE and 29 individuals in the control group. The study participants were tested for vitamin D level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, osteocalcin (OC) and collagen type I C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), and the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was provided to assess BMD in the lumbar spine and the hip.Results The mean serum vitamin D level was 18.98±0.88 ng/mL, and women had 25.42% lower vitamin D levels than men (p<0.05). There was no correlation between vitamin D levels and patient’s age or disease course. There was a significant inverse correlation between vitamin D levels and cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (r=−0.26) and serum inflammatory markers, particularly CRP (r=−0.39), IL-6 (r=−0.37) and ESR (r=−0.15). Vitamin D level was associated with the bone turnover markers (BTMs). In women of reproductive age with vitamin D deficiency, BMD of the lumbar spine and the hip was 9.5–23.1% higher than in those with no vitamin deficiency, respectively, and the mean lumbar spine Z-score in women of reproductive age with vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was significantly 2.0 and 2.9 times lower than in patients with normal vitamin D level.Conclusions Hypovitaminosis D is quite common in patients with SLE and is associated with high inflammatory activity (SLE Disease Activity Index, ESR, CRP, IL-6), severity of organ damage (Damage Index), cumulative dose of glucocorticoids, BTM changes (decrease in OC, increase in CTX) and BMD decline. Vitamin D status was not associated with the patient’s age or disease course

Идентификация и оценка биологического риска подачи авиационного топлива

1. Shkilniuk I. The problems of biopollution with jet fuels and the way of achiving solution / I. Shkilniuk, S. Boychenko, V. Turchak // Transport. – 2008. – № 23 (3). – С. 253–257. 2. DOC 9977 “Guide to the supply of aviation fuel in civil aviation”. – ICAO, 2012. – 46 p. 3. Characterization of microbial contamination in United States Air Force aviation fuel tanks / M.E. Rauch, H.W. Graef, S.M. Rozenzhak et al.]. // Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. – 2006a. – 33. – P. 29–36. 4. ISO 31000:2018. Risk management – Guidelines. Adopted: 2018-02. – ISO/TC 262 Risk management, 2018. – 16 p. 5. Orel S.M. Risk. Basic concepts / S.M. Orel, M.S. Maliovaniy. – Lviv: Publishing House NU "Lvivska politechnika", 2008. – 88 p. 6. ASTM Standard D 6469 Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems. – ASTM International. 7. Aviation chemmotology: fuel for aviation engines. Theoretical and engineering bases of application: textbook / N.S. Kulik, A.F. Aksionov, L.S. Yanovskiy, S.V. Boichenko. – K.: NAU, 2015. – 560 p. 8. Shkilniuk I. Methodically organizational principles of biological stability providing of aviation fuel / I. Shkilniuk, S. Boichenko // Тransactions of the Institute of aviation of Warsaw. – 2014. – № 4 (237). – P. 76–83. 9. Influence of microbiological contamination on acidity of traditional and alternative aviation fuels // Problems of chemmotology. Theory and practice of rational use of traditional and alternative fuel and lubricants: monograph // Sergii Boichenko, Kazimir Lejda, Vasiliy Mateychik, Petro Topilnitskiy. – [Under general ed. of Prof. S. Boichenko]. – K.: Center for Educational Literature, 2017. – P. 341–346. 10. Vasilieva A.A. / Influence of temperature on growth and viability of Hormoconis resinae u Phialophora sp., Developing in aviation fuels / A.A. Vasilieva, L.N. Chekunova, A.V. Poliakova // Magazine Mycology and Phytopathology. – 2009. – Vol. 43. – No. 4. – P. 312–316. 11. ASTM D3242 (2011) Standard Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine Fuel. – ASTM International. 12. Shkilniuk Iryna. Microbiological control in the system of civil aviation jet fuel supply / Iryna Shkilniuk, Sergii Boichenko, Kazimierz Lejda / Science – Future of Lithuania. Transport engineering and management: Proceedings of the 19th Conference for Junior Researchers (May 6, 2016). – Vilnius, Lithuania, 2016. – P. 90–94.The work is focused on microbial contamination of refined petroleum products and fuel systems of vehicles and means of operation and storage. A limited amount of oil resources, the introduction of ICAO and IATA standards, satisfaction of safety and operational safety requirements, economic indicators, financial profitability, require the risk-based approach in aviation fuel supply. The risks and consequences of aviation fuels microbiological contamination, impact of it on fuel quality and chemmotological reliability of the aviation engineering, have been identified, evaluated and systematized during research.Основна увага в роботі приділена мікробіологічному забрудненню нафтопродуктів і паливних систем транспортних засобів і засобів експлуатації та зберігання. Обмежений обсяг нафтових ресурсів, впровадження стандартів ІКАО і ІАТА, дотримання вимог авіаційної безпеки та експлуатаційної безпеки, економічні показники, фінансова прибутковість вимагають заснованого на оцінці ризику до поставок авіаційного палива. У процесі дослідження були виявлені, оцінені і систематизовані ризики і наслідки мікробіологічного забруднення авіаційного палива, його вплив на якість палив і хіммотологічної надійність авіаційної техніки.Основное внимание в работе сфокусировано на микробиологическом загрязнении нефтепродуктов и топливных систем транспортных средств и средств эксплуатации и хранения. Ограниченный объем нефтяных ресурсов, внедрение стандартов ИКАО и ИАТА, соблюдение требований авиационной безопасности и эксплуатационной безопасности, экономические показатели, финансовая прибыльность требуют основанного на оценке риска подхода к поставкам авиационного топлива. В процессе исследования были выявлены, оценены и систематизированы риски и последствия микробиологического загрязнения авиационного топлива, его влияние на качество топлив и химмотологическую надежность авиационной техники