Does more immigration lead to more violent and property crimes? A case study of 30 selected OECD countries

In many developed countries around the world, the connection between immigration and crime has been a subject of discussion. The indigenous populations of the most advanced nations usually held the opinion that immigration fuels delinquency. Therefore, this paper provides an empirical connection between immigration and crime in the period 1988-2018 across 30 OECD countries. For empirical analysis, advanced panel econometric approaches are used which can address both heterogonous coefficients and cross-section dependency. The findings show that no statistical evidence exists to relate an increase in the number of immigrants to the rise of any kind of crime. If there is we found a significant negative association between immigrants and only one of the six kinds of crime studied. Moreover, an increase in foreign prisoners (FP) reduces all kinds of crimes. While an increase in the real gross domestic product (RGDP) only increases property crimes. The increase in M25–29 only increases serious assault (SA) out of six crime types analysed

Study of feasibility of pulse detonation engine powered by alternative fuels

World energy demand will continue to increase because of the development of the economy of the world and an increase in population. Non-renewable crude oil- derived liquid fuels are used in the world for more than two hundred years. 90 % of liquid fuels are estimated to be consumed for energy generation and transportation. Liquid fuels cause environmental pollution like carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur-containing residues which results in global warming. As we know energy is required but it is short supply, on other side waste is unwanted but it also unavoidable. Agricultural, industrial & domestic waste can be converted into biodiesel, biogas utilizing various techniques. Biogas, biodiesel, biomass, biofuel, alcohol, vegetable oils and so on can solve environmental problems. A pulse detonation engine is anticipated to be a high- performance, next-generation aerospace propulsion engine. This new concept propulsion systems that use repetitive detonations to generate power or thrust. This review is, therefore, a parallel comparison with the hope of analyzing comparatively various biofuels that have been used and documented for PDE. Biofuel combustion characteristics are also investigated in detonation mode. The strategy for exploring the possibility of using biofuels for PDE operation is presented here

Mixed convective eyring-powell ferro magnetic nanofluid flow suspension towards a stretching surface with buoyancy effects through numerical analysis

This article examines the impact of buoyancy on the magnetic Eyring-Powell nanofluid flow toward a stretching surface. Coupled similarity equations are created from the governing flow equations. For the particular instance of pure fluid flow, the numerically computed self-similar results are matched with the available literature and found to be in acceptable harmony. The shooting approach was used to arrive at numerical computations to the constitutive ordinary differential equations. The impacts of different fluid flow parameters, nano concentration parameters and heat transfer, are shown graphically for both aiding and opposing flows. It has been discovered that for both aiding and opposing problems, the skin friction is less affected by the buoyant force brought on by temperature differences. Under buoyancy, the rate of heat transfer increments for aiding flow problem while it declines for opposing flow

HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF Solanum nigrum LEAVE DIETHYL ETHER EXTRACT ON LIVER CCl4 TOXICITY

Solanum nigrum is a medicinal plant commonly known as black night shade and Makoi, it is found in two varieties. One has black colored fruits while the other has reddish brown colored fruit. Traditionally Solanum nigrum possesses a number of active compounds which are responsible for its diverse pharmacological properties. The current study aims to investigate the diethyl ether extract of Solanum nigrum leaves activity on the liver acute toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in rabbits. The rabbits were allocated randomly into two groups (n=6). The hepatic damage intensity and protection was observed by biochemically investigating the serum levels of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bilirubin, Alanine transaminase (ALT), Asparate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP) and tissue histopathology analysis. The results showed that the diethylether extract of Solanum nigrum leaves have significant (p < 0.05) shielding effect on all hepatic enzymes and protein. Histopathological evaluation also confirmed that diethyl ether extract of leaves has potential to protect the liver against chemical (CCL4) induced injury.&nbsp

A novel method of modifying immune responses by vaccination with lipiodol-siRNA mixtures

The dendritic cell (DC) possesses the ability to stimulate both T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 responses depending on activation stimuli. Although it is known that chemically or genetically modified DC can be used therapeutically to steer immune responses towards either Th1 or Th2, cellular therapy with ex vivo manipulated DC is clinically difficult. Here we demonstrate a novel method of switching immune responses from Th1 to Th2 through in vivo immune modulation by administration of siRNA. We demonstrate that siRNA targeting of the IL-12p35 gene leads to a Th2 bias in vitro through an IL-10 dependent mechanism. In vivo administration of siRNA admixed with the oil-based contrast agent lipiodol in the presence of antigen and adjuvant induced a deviation in recall response to reduced production of IFN-γ and augmented IL-4 response using either KLH or ovalbumin. This simple method of in vivo modification of immune response possesses therapeutic potential in Th1-mediated diseases such as multiple sclerosis and autoimmune diabetes

Dengue Outbreaks in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan in 2017: An Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response System (IDSRS)-Based Report

Snažni bočni vjetrovi koji pušu na mostovima i vijaduktima mogu dovesti do gubitka dinamičke stabilnosti vozila koja prelaze most. Da bi se omogućio nesmetan i siguran promet čak i u slučajevima nepovoljnih vremenskih uvjeta uzrokovanih snažnim bočnim vjetrom, na mostove se postavljaju zaštitni vjetrobrani. Karakteristike strujanja zraka preko mosta su značajno promijenjene u slučaju postavljanja vjetrobrana različitih visina i poroznosti. U okviru ovog rada ispitan je utjecaj visine vjetrobrana te utjecaj poroznosti vjetrobrana na karakteristike strujanja zraka oko vozila koje se nalazi na mostu. Vjetrobran je postavljen samo na uzvodni rub mosta, a za vozilo je korišten model Ahmedovog tijela koji je u svim simulacijama postavljen na udaljenost 2 m nizvodno od vjetrobrana. Pri računalnim simulacijama korišten je model stacionarnog trodimenzijskog turbulentnog strujanja nestlačivog fluida te k-ω SST model turbulencije sa standardnim zidnim funkcijama. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na značajan utjecaj vjetrobrana na koeficijente tlaka na površini vozila. Manja poroznost vjetrobrana i veća visina vjetrobrana uzrokuju smanjenje koeficijenta tlaka na nastrujavanoj površini vozila. Iako su vrijednosti koeficijenta tlaka na površini vozila za male poroznosti vjetrobrana relativno male, raspodjela vrtložnosti struje zraka sugerira da može doći do povećanih vrijednosti standardnih devijacija aerodinamičkih sila koje djeluju na vozilo. Karakteristike vjetrobrana imaju bitan utjecaj na raspodjelu brzine strujanja zraka uzvodno od vozila, odnosno u prostoru između vjetrobrana i vozila. Smanjenjem poroznosti vjetrobrana se brzine strujanja zraka u tom području značajno smanjuju. Utjecaj poroznosti vjetrobrana na raspodjelu brzine strujanja zraka u ovom području je značajniji u odnosu na utjecaj visine vjetrobrana. Aerodinamičke sile i momenti zabilježeni na vozilu su značajno smanjeni kada je vjetrobran postavljen na most. Rezultati dobiveni u okviru ovog rada sugeriraju da je, s obzirom na aerodinamičke sile koje djeluju na vozilo, optimalna visina vjetrobrana 5 m uz njihovu poroznost u iznosu od 30%.Strong cross winds that commonly blow on bridges and viaducts may cause dynamic instabilities of vehicles crossing the bridge. To allow for safe traffic even in the periods of bad weather conditions such as strong cross winds, bridges are equipped with wind barriers. Flow characteristics around the bridge are significantly modified with respect to the wind barrier height and porosity. In the present work, the influence of wind barrier height and porosity on flow characteristics around the vehicle passing the bridge was studied. The wind barrier was placed on the windward bridge-deck edge only, while the Ahmed body was used as a vehicle. It was placed 2 m downwind of the wind barrier. In the computational simulations, the stationary 3D turbulent incompressible flow was modeled together with the k-ω SST turbulence model and standard wall functions. The obtained results generally show a significant influence of the wind barrier on the pressure coefficients observed on the vehicle surface. Smaller porosity and larger height of the wind barrier causes smaller pressure coefficients on the windward side of the vehicle. Even though the pressure coefficients on the vehicle for the low-porous wind barrier are relatively small, the distribution of the flow vorticity suggests larger values of the standard deviation of the aerodynamic forces acting on the vehicle. Wind-barrier characteristics proved to have a large influence on the distribution of flow velocity in the area upstream of the vehicle and downstream of the wind barrier. For smaller porosities of the wind barrier, flow velocities in this area are significantly smaller. The influence of the porosity on the distribution of flow velocities in this area is relatively larger compared to the height of the wind barrier. The aerodynamic forces and moment are generally smaller when the wind barrier is in place. The obtained results suggest that the 5 m high and 30% porous wind barrier is optimal with respect to the aerodynamic forces and moment acting on the vehicle on the bridge

Prevalence and type distribution of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in breast cancer : a Qatar based study

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been implicated in the etiology of a variety of human cancers. Studies investigating the presence of high-risk (HR) HPV in breast tissue have generated considerable controversy over its role as a potential risk factor for breast cancer (BC). This is the first investigation reporting the prevalence and type distribution of high-risk HPV infection in breast tissue in the population of Qatar. A prospective comparison blind research study herein reconnoitered the presence of twelve HR-HPV types’ DNA using multiplex PCR by screening a total of 150 fresh breast tissue specimens. Data obtained shows that HR-HPV types were found in 10% of subjects with breast cancer; of which the presence of HPV was confirmed in 4/33 (12.12%) of invasive carcinomas. These findings, the first reported from the population of Qatar, suggest that the selective presence of HPV in breast tissue is likely to be a related factor in the progression of certain cases of breast cancer

Modelling of a three-shaft high-bypass-ratio engine performance and emission prediction using hydrogen fuels

The price of oil has seen an unprecedented increase and the resulting demand for oil, especially from the transportation industries. The pollution emits from the vehicle has affected human health and environmental problems especially aviation industries because the emission covers much broader spectrums. Drop-in alternative fuels such as liquefied hydrogen fuel are believed to offer better engine performance and reduce the emission. An in-house computer tool, PYTHIA was used to model the performance of RB211 engine at a wide range of flight operations. Liquid hydrogen fuel will increase the thrust and the specific fuel consumption up to 63.9% reduction at higher speed. Liquid hydrogen fuel resulted in higher burning temperature which encourage the formation of NOx. At the sea level, it was found that EINOx was increased to about 5.5% when 20% blended ratio was used

Response to letter regarding article by Patel et al: A Novel Biomarker of Oxidative Stress is Associated with Risk of Death in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

We thank Drs Giral and colleagues for their interest in our work.1 They raise the important query of whether our findings would still persist after adjustment for γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), given that GGT activity hydrolyzes glutathione (GSH) to produce glutamate+cysteinylglycine. This point, however, is not relevant to our description of GSH/cystine as a useful biomarker of cardiovascular disease, because our samples were all collected with a preservation solution containing a GGT