49,627 research outputs found
Undulatory swimming in fluids with polymer networks
The motility behavior of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in polymeric
solutions of varying concentrations is systematically investigated in
experiments using tracking and velocimetry methods. As the polymer
concentration is increased, the solution undergoes a transition from the
semi-dilute to the concentrated regime, where these rod-like polymers entangle,
align, and form networks. Remarkably, we find an enhancement in the nematode's
swimming speed of approximately 65% in concentrated solutions compared to
semi-dilute solutions. Using velocimetry methods, we show that the undulatory
swimming motion of the nematode induces an anisotropic mechanical response in
the fluid. This anisotropy, which arises from the fluid micro-structure, is
responsible for the observed increase in swimming speed.Comment: Published 1 November 2013 in Europhysics Letter
Resolvent Estimates in L^p for the Stokes Operator in Lipschitz Domains
We establish the resolvent estimates for the Stokes operator in
Lipschitz domains in , for . The result, in particular, implies that the Stokes operator in a
three-dimensional Lipschitz domain generates a bounded analytic semigroup in
for (3/2)-\varep < p< 3+\epsilon. This gives an affirmative answer to a
conjecture of M. Taylor.Comment: 28 page. Minor revision was made regarding the definition of the
Stokes operator in Lipschitz domain
Modification of nucleon properties in nuclear matter and finite nuclei
We present a model for the description of nuclear matter and finite nuclei,
and at the same time, for the study of medium modifications of nucleon
properties. The nucleons are described as nontopological solitons which
interact through the self-consistent exchange of scalar and vector mesons. The
model explicitly incorporates quark degrees of freedom into nuclear many-body
systems and provides satisfactory results on the nuclear properties. The
present model predicts a significant increase of the nucleon radius at normal
nuclear matter density. It is very interesting to see the nucleon properties
change from the nuclear surface to the nuclear interior.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figure
Neutron star matter in the quark-meson coupling model in strong magnetic fields
The effects of strong magnetic fields on neutron star matter are investigated
in the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model. The QMC model describes a nuclear
many-body system as nonoverlapping MIT bags in which quarks interact through
self-consistent exchange of scalar and vector mesons in the mean-field
approximation. The results of the QMC model are compared with those obtained in
a relativistic mean-field (RMF) model. It is found that quantitative
differences exist between the QMC and RMF models, while qualitative trends of
the magnetic field effects on the equation of state and composition of neutron
star matter are very similar.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
Long-Lived Double-Barred Galaxies From Pseudo-Bulges
A large fraction of barred galaxies host secondary bars that are embedded in
their large-scale primary counterparts. These are common also in gas poor
early-type barred galaxies. The evolution of such double-barred galaxies is
still not well understood, partly because of a lack of realistic -body
models with which to study them. Here we report a new mechanism for generating
such systems, namely the presence of rotating pseudo-bulges. We demonstate with
high mass and force resolution collisionless -body simulations that
long-lived secondary bars can form spontaneously without requiring gas,
contrary to previous claims. We find that secondary bars rotate faster than
primary ones. The rotation is not, however, rigid: the secondary bars pulsate,
with their amplitude and pattern speed oscillating as they rotate through the
primary bars. This self-consistent study supports previous work based on
orbital analysis in the potential of two rigidly rotating bars. The pulsating
nature of secondary bars may have important implications for understanding the
central region of double-barred galaxies.Comment: Paper submitted to ApJ
Quantifying electronic correlation strength in a complex oxide: a combined DMFT and ARPES study of LaNiO
The electronic correlation strength is a basic quantity that characterizes
the physical properties of materials such as transition metal oxides.
Determining correlation strengths requires both precise definitions and a
careful comparison between experiment and theory. In this paper we define the
correlation strength via the magnitude of the electron self-energy near the
Fermi level. For the case of LaNiO, we obtain both the experimental and
theoretical mass enhancements by considering high resolution
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements and density
functional + dynamical mean field theory (DFT + DMFT) calculations. We use
valence-band photoemission data to constrain the free parameters in the theory,
and demonstrate a quantitative agreement between the experiment and theory when
both the realistic crystal structure and strong electronic correlations are
taken into account. These results provide a benchmark for the accuracy of the
DFT+DMFT theoretical approach, and can serve as a test case when considering
other complex materials. By establishing the level of accuracy of the theory,
this work also will enable better quantitative predictions when engineering new
emergent properties in nickelate heterostructures.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
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