10 research outputs found
HexPak and GradPak: variable-pitch dual-head IFUs for the WIYN 3.5m Telescope Bench Spectrograph
We describe the design, construction, and expected performance of two new
fiber integral field units (IFUs) --- HexPak and GradPak --- for the WIYN 3.5m
Telescope Nasmyth focus and Bench Spectrograph. These are the first IFUs to
provide formatted fiber integral field spectroscopy with simultaneous sampling
of varying angular scales. HexPak and GradPak are in a single cable with a
dual-head design, permitting easy switching between the two different IFU heads
on the telescope without changing the spectrograph feed: the two heads feed a
variable-width double-slit. Each IFU head is comprised of a fixed arrangement
of fibers with a range of fiber diameters. The layout and diameters of the
fibers within each array are scientifically-driven for observations of
galaxies: HexPak is designed to observe face-on spiral or spheroidal galaxies
while GradPak is optimized for edge-on studies of galaxy disks. HexPak is a
hexagonal array of 2.9 arcsec fibers subtending a 40.9 arcsec diameter, with a
high-resolution circular core of 0.94 arcsec fibers subtending 6 arcsec
diameter. GradPak is a 39 by 55 arcsec rectangular array with rows of fibers of
increasing diameter from angular scales of 1.9 arcsec to 5.6 arcsec across the
array. The variable pitch of these IFU heads allows for adequate sampling of
light profile gradients while maintaining the photon limit at different scales.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, presented at SPIE, Astronomical Telescopes and
Instrumentation, 1 - 6 July 2012, Amsterdam, Netherland
The NIR Upgrade to the SALT Robert Stobie Spectrograph
The near infrared (NIR) upgrade to the Robert Stobie Spectrograph (RSS) on
the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT), RSS/NIR, extends the spectral
coverage of all modes of the visible arm. The RSS/NIR is a low to medium
resolution spectrograph with broadband imaging, spectropolarimetric, and
Fabry-Perot imaging capabilities. The visible and NIR arms can be used
simultaneously to extend spectral coverage from approximately 3200 A to 1.6 um.
Both arms utilize high efficiency volume phase holographic gratings via
articulating gratings and cameras. The NIR camera is designed around a
2048x2048 HAWAII-2RG detector housed in a cryogenic dewar. The Epps optical
design of the camera consists of 6 spherical elements, providing sub-pixel rms
image sizes of 7.5 +/- 1.0 um over all wavelengths and field angles. The exact
long wavelength cutoff is yet to be determined in a detailed thermal analysis
and will depend on the semi-warm instrument cooling scheme. Initial estimates
place instrument limiting magnitudes at J = 23.4 and H(1.4-1.6 um) = 21.6 for
S/N = 3 in a 1 hour exposure well below the sky noise.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, presented at SPIE, Astronomical Telescopes and
Instrumentation, 24 - 31 May 2006, Orlando, Florida US
A Spatial Heterodyne Spectrometer for Diffuse H-A Spectroscopy
The University of Wisconsin Astronomy Department and the Space Astronomy Lab at UW are designing an SHS spectrometer for the WIYN 3.5-meter telescope on Kitt Peak and the SALT 10-meter telescope in South Africa. The new device will be mated to the Sparsepak, (Bershady et al, 2004, 2005) and/or the Hydra fiber array at WIYN, and fed by either the prime focus image at SALT or the High Resolution Spectrograph fiber-feed at SALT. The spectrograph will produce spectra at a reciprocal dispersion, R = 25,000 in 20 orders, each order covering an average wavelength band 250 km/s wide, for a total wavelength range of 5000 km/s. Spectra from approximately 82 fibers will be resolved. Once the system is proven at WIYN, and because the aperture size for this spectrometer does not scale with telescope size, we will be able to test this same prototype at the SALT 10-meter telescope. This will be the first application of this technique to large aperture astronomical observations. --From the paper
The GALAH survey : scientific motivation
The Galactic Archaeology with HERMES (GALAH) survey is a large high-resolution spectroscopic survey using the newly commissioned High Efficiency and Resolution Multi-Element Spectrograph (HERMES) on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The HERMES spectrograph provides high-resolution (R ⌠28 000) spectra in four passbands for 392 stars simultaneously over a 2 deg field of view. The goal of the survey is to unravel the formation and evolutionary history of the Milky Way, using fossil remnants of ancient star formation events which have been disrupted and are now dispersed throughout the Galaxy. Chemical tagging seeks to identify such dispersed remnants solely from their common and unique chemical signatures; these groups are unidentifiable from their spatial, photometric or kinematic properties. To carry out chemical tagging, the GALAH survey will acquire spectra for a million stars down to V ⌠14. The HERMES spectra of FGK stars contain absorption lines from 29 elements including light proton-capture elements, α-elements, odd-Z elements, iron-peak elements and n-capture elements from the light and heavy s-process and the r-process. This paper describes the motivation and planned execution of the GALAH survey, and presents some results on the first-light performance of HERMES