Episiotomy discomforts relief using cold gel pads in primiparaus Iranian women (a comparative study)

Abstract: Episiotomy is the most common perineal surgical in obstetric and midwifery. Application of Cooling devices is a new approach in pain relief but the pain related to episiotomy is typically treated with oral analgesic medications. This clinical trial involved 60 qualified primiparaus women admitted for labor in Kamali Hospital inKaraj, Iran. They were randomly allocated into two groups: cases (using Gel pads) and control (receiving the hospital routine). The participant's pain and discomforts were recorded on the VAS and REEDA scales, respectively. Pain was evaluated 4, 12 h and 5 days after episiotomy. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 14 using independent t-test and chi-square. There were statistically difference in pain intensity scores of 2 groups in 4 h (p = 0.014), 12 h (p = 0.002) and 5 days (p = 0.000) after episiotomy. The REEDA score was significantly low in the experimental group (Gel pads group) at 5 days after episiotomy (p = 0.000). This study application of cold gel pads instead of betadine for episiotomy wound care. © Medwell Journals, 2011

Audit of Intrapartum Care Based on the National Guideline for Midwifery and Birth Services

© The Author(s) 2018. Providing high-quality maternity care is a worldwide health concern that necessitates regular assessment of intrapartum practice. In an observational study, we aimed to audit intrapartum care based on the National Guideline for Midwifery and Birth Services. Using quota sampling, a total of 200 pregnant women, admitted for normal vaginal delivery, were recruited from four educational hospitals in Tehran, Iran. An observational checklist was developed based on the national guideline to assess the quality of provided care. Content and face validity of the tool were checked and confirmed. Reliability of the observational checklist and questionnaire was confirmed using concurrent observation (intrarater reliability; r =.93) and test–retest (r =.9) methods, respectively. We found that the compatibility of intrapartum care and the national guideline in different domains were as follows: history taking 88.3%, vital sign measurement 64.6%, performing Leopold’s maneuver 38.5%, initial assessment 83.4%, labor care 22.5%, using pain relief methods 63.5%, labor progress assessment 71.5%, process of delivery 89.5%, and postpartum management 89.5%. The findings indicate that additional attention and monitoring are required to align current intrapartum care practices with the national guidelines

Evaluation of turn-off dV/dt controllability and switching characteristics of 1.2 kV GaN polarisation superjunction heterostructure field-effect transistors

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics The Japan Society of Applied Physics, find out more REGULAR PAPER • THE FOLLOWING ARTICLE ISOPEN ACCESS Evaluation of turn-off dV/dt controllability and switching characteristics of 1.2 kV GaN polarisation superjunction heterostructure field-effect transistors Alireza Sheikhan1, Sankara Narayanan Ekkanath Madathil1, Hiroji Kawai2, Shuichi Yagi2 and Hironobu Narui2 Published 5 July 2023 • © 2023 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Japan Society of Applied Physics by IOP Publishing Ltd Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Volume 62, Number 6 Citation Alireza Sheikhan et al 2023 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 62 064502 DOI 10.35848/1347-4065/acd975 DownloadArticle PDF Figures References Download PDF 290 Total downloads Turn on MathJax Share this article Share this content via email Share on Facebook (opens new window) Share on Twitter (opens new window) Share on Mendeley (opens new window) Hide article and author information Author e-mails [email protected] Author affiliations 1 Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom 2 Powdec K.K. Oyama, Tochigi, Japan ORCID iDs Alireza Sheikhan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-1593 Dates Received 16 April 2023 Revised 18 May 2023 Accepted 26 May 2023 Published 5 July 2023 Check for updates using Crossmark Buy this article in print Journal RSS Sign up for new issue notifications Create citation alert Abstract Gallium nitride (GaN) devices inherently offer many advantages over silicon power devices, including a higher operating frequency, lower on-state resistance and higher operating temperature capabilities, which can enable higher power density and more efficient power electronics. Turn-off dV/dt controllability plays a key role in determining common-mode voltage in electrical drives and traction inverter applications. The fast-switching edges of GaN can introduce challenges such as electromagnetic interference, premature insulation failure and high overshoot voltages. In this paper, the device working principle, characteristics and dV/dt controllability of 1.2 kV GaN polarisation superjunction (PSJ) heterostructure FETs (HFETs) are presented. The effect of gate driving parameters and load conditions on turn-off dV/dt are investigated. It is shown that in PSJ HFETs the dV/dt can be effectively controlled to as low as 1 kV μs−1 by controlling the gate, with a minimum increase in switching losses. These results are highly encouraging for the application of the devices in motor drives

Analysis of 1.2kV GaN polarisation superjunction diode surge current capability

Surge current capability of power diodes is one of the essential parameters that needs to be considered for high power density operations in power electronic applications. Gallium Nitride (GaN) is emerging as the next generation of power semiconductor devices due to its superior material characteristics. This work presents the device working principle, characteristics, and the surge capability of 1200V GaN polarisation superjunction (PSJ) hybrid diodes. The experimental results show that the GaN PSJ diode can withstand a surge current of 60A which is around 8 times its rated current and a surge energy of 5.4J. Additionally, despite having a merged PiN and Schottky structure, no bipolar current flow due to the activation of p-doped GaN can be observed until breakdown. This can also be confirmed through the device forward characteristic which shows a unique saturation behaviour at about 76A without any bipolar region

GA-ANN Short-Term Electricity Load Forecasting

This paper presents a methodology for short-term load forecasting based on genetic algorithm feature selection and artificial neural network modeling. A feed forward artificial neural network is used to model the 24-h ahead load based on past consumption, weather and stock index data. A genetic algorithm is used in order to find the best subset of variables for modeling. Three data sets of different geographical locations, encompassing areas of different dimensions with distinct load profiles are used in order to evaluate the methodology. The developed approach was found to generate models achieving a minimum mean average percentage error under 2 %. The feature selection algorithm was able to significantly reduce the number of used features and increase the accuracy of the models

Measuring Sexual Performance: Development and Psychometric Properties of the Sexual Performance Questionnaire in Iranian People with Spinal Cord Injury

Sexual performance refers to activities served by sexual capacity and motivation. As a culturally sensitive issue, to date the scalar invariance of sexual performance has not been examined for Iranians with spinal cord injuries (SCIs). Aim: To develop and assess properties of an instrument evaluating sexual performance of an Iranian population with SCIs., in Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center (BASIR), Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Using multi-modal methods, we developed and assessed the Sexual Performance Questionnaire (SPQ). This included collecting expert opinions; engaging with patients with SCI referred to BASIR; pilot testing to assess the scale; and a formal investigation. Participants (men = 156, women = 58) completed the SPQ. Internal consistency and reliability were measured using Cronbach’s α coefficient. Content and face validity were examined by academic experts. Construct validity was assessed by examining convergent and discriminant validity. Finally, exploratory factor analysis was used to extract the factor structure of the questionnaire. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.77. There was a significant (p = 0.04) correlation (r = − 0.23) between the SPQ score and age. Those with a partner scored higher (p = 0.001). We found three components: Spouse as initiator, self-initiation, and genital-oriented sex which accounted for 59 of the observed variance. The face and content validity was approved by an expert committee. The development and application of the 13-item SPQ provides a thorough understanding of sexual performance amongst persons with SCI. It facilitates the development of efficient sexual rehabilitation interventions and SCI-specific sexuality education programs. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

Sexual satisfaction in postmenopausal women

Background and aimOne of aspects in marital satisfaction is sexual. It has a significant role in mental health of families. With respect to increasing age and life expectancy of Iranian women, studying about sexual aspects of postmenopausal women can promote their health and quality of life. This descriptive study was conducted to determine sexual satisfaction of postmenopausal women referring to healthcare clinics affiliated to Medical Universities in Tehran in 2008. Materials and methods270 women were selected by convenience sampling method. A questionnaire completed by interview was used for data collection. It included 2 parts: demographic and sexual satisfaction items. Different statistical tests were used for data analysis. FindingsMean age of women was 52.49±4.93. Their sexual satisfaction was desired (58.9%) but their sexual drive was undesired (66.3%). All sexual aspects had a significant relationship with the satisfaction of women from sexual activities (