THE IMPACT OF ETHNICITY IN REGIONAL CONFLICTS COMPARING BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA WITH KOSOVO

The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects that lead to the ethnic conflics. From different studies there may be assessed that the reasons leading to ethnic conflict are numerous. For the sake of this paper and to have a clear picture of the issue, there will be analyzed the ethnic conflicts in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo. These are the latest and most important conflicts that have occured in Balkans. The latter has always been a hot point in terms of conflicts, but the conflict in Kosovo and Bosnia are a unique case in terms of casuallities. In the analysis there resulted many factors that had the same impact for both states, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo. On the other hand, in Bosnia-Herzegovina religion was an important factor which leaded to conflict, but it cannot be said the same thing also for Kosovo. While in the case of Kosovo, the inter-ethnicity was an actor which stimulated the conflict unlike in Bosnia-Herzegovina

Femininity as Disability in Sylvia Plath\u27s The Bell Jar.

Disability studies is often associated with the treatment of people with physical disabilities, which are defined as features of non-normative human bodies. However, analyzed through the lens of the classical idea of the ideal body, which was first and foremost male, femininity itself is also atypical and therefore confines women to the realm of being disabled. Sylvia Plath’s autobiographical novel The Bell Jar shows how the feminine is a disability in and of itself. As Plath’s main character and narrator, Esther Greenwood, spirals into her own madness, her condition is only worsened by societal reactions to her declining mental health. Those around Esther isolate her, those who try to help her actually do the opposite, and the cause of Esther’s mentality is never acknowledged. Not only does this autobiographical novel spin the tale of Esther’s mental disability, but it also highlights the similarities in disability and feminist rhetoric. Rhetorically speaking, femininity and disability are portrayed as abnormal. However, within disability rhetoric, normality is defined by unfair social norms. Therefore, in order to respect and truly understand disability and femininity, the rhetoric behind both must be studied and explained so that true progress may be made in how we discuss both topics

Mistrivsel i kroppsøvingsfaget - en kvalitativ undersøkelse fra barneskolen

Sammenderag. Denne oppgaven handler om mistrivsel blant elever i kroppsøvingsfaget. Kroppsøving er et fag som generelt er godt likt av elevene, men nyere rapporter forteller at opptil 30 % av elever enten ikke liker eller hater faget (Borgen & Leirhaug, 2012). Studiens formål var å undersøke hvorfor elever opplever kroppsøving som vanskelig og problematisk, og se på hvilken betydning de tre grunnleggende psykologiske behovene fra «Self-Determination Theory», utviklet av Deci og Ryan (1985), har å si for elevenes trivsel. Videre så jeg på hvilke tiltak som bør settes i gang fra kroppsøvingslærere. Studien baserer seg på en kvalitativ tilnærming der 5 elever på 5.trinn ved to barneskoler gjennomførte et spørreskjema, og deltok i et kvalitativt forskningsintervju. Studiens teorigrunnlag baserer seg på Deci & Ryan (1985) sin Selvbestemmelsesteori, samt positivt læringsmiljø. Funn fra undersøkelsen viste at tilhørighets- og autonomibehovet har størst betydning for elevenes trivsel, deltakelse og motivasjon i faget. Overraskende var kompetanse det psykologiske behovet som syntes å ha minst betydning for trivselen og motivasjonen til elevene i denne undersøkelsen. Det kan tenkes at elevene ikke er blitt kjent med læringsmålene, og anser ikke faget som et læringsfag. Et annet interessant funn var at flere av informantene var regelmessig fysisk aktive på fritiden, der fire av de fem deltar i organisert aktivitet. Videre kom det frem at mangel på autonomi var en viktig årsak til at informantene opplever kroppsøving som problematisk, sett at tilhørighetsbehovet ble nevnt som viktigst. Det tyder på at tilrettelegging av kroppsøvingsundervisningen spiller en sentral rolle i elevenes opplevelse av faget. Andre faktorer som kunne ha en innvirkning av elevenes trivsel og deltakelse i kroppsøvingsundervisningen var tidligere deltakelse med fysisk aktivitet på fritiden og psykologisk læringsmiljø. Disse forholdene anses ikke å være isolerte, ettersom de virket å ha en sammenheng på hverandre. Nøkkelord: mistrivsel, trivsel, kroppsøving, selvbestemmelsesteori, positivt læringsklim

THE POSSIBILITY OF DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE FROM MASSIVE AND UNCONTROLLED USE OF SULFONAMIDES IN MILK

Objective: The aim of this study was to discover sulfa residues in milk and to determine the most appropriate time required for allowing the consumption of milk after drug's use in dairy cattle.Methods: 150 samples of raw milk were collected from 95% of dairy farms in Kosovo that were visited during years 2015-2016. At these farms, using a questionnaire, we have identified the treatment procedures of dairy cattle, the dose and the type of drug administered to them, as well as the duration of this administration. Then, ELISA screening method and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection (HPLC/FD) confirmatory method were used to analyse the collected samples.Results: Out of 150 milk samples, 52% were given a combination of 400 mg sulfadiazine+80 mg trimethoprim, with a statistically significant difference compared to other sulfonamides p<0.01. During the examination by ELISA method, 8 of them (5%) had exceeded the limit of detection, while during the examination by HPLC/FD method, 4 of them (2.5%) had exceeded the maximum residue limit allowed. In the first 4 d after the treatment has ended, the level of sulfonamide residues was high 141.5%, which is as high as their initial dose, with statistically significant linear trend p<0.01.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that in the collected raw milk there were sulfonamide residues, whose level has fallen following 4 d of treatment of the animal. It also shows the necessary time allowed for milk consumption. During this time milk must not be consumed in order to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance in the human population

Leather and footwear industry in Albania – history, tradition and its challenges

This paper aims to give an overview of the history of the development of Albanian leather and footwear manufacturing sector covering the whole production chain from leather processing to footwear production as well as the perspective of this sector in the country and its challenges

The Boy from 6B: How Only Murders in the Building Created Groundbreaking Television

Non-disabled actors continue to be cast over disabled actors to portray disabled characters, and disabled storylines are told from an able-bodied perspective. This paper explores how Only Murders in the Building set an example for approaching projects featuring disabled actors and roles while maintaining a complex storyline in the episode titled The Boy from 6B (2021). Analyzing this episode through the lens of the classical idea of anmut shows how it subverted the typical viewing experience of watching a storyline that features disabled characters from an able-bodied perspective. Anmut, as a rhetorical concept, recognizes that the value of physical characteristics is socially constructed; a body can be just as desirable in one cultural setting as it can be undesirable in another. To illustrate this point, anmut creates the space for reconsidering disability by bringing social reactions and underlying assumptions about the human body and physical diversity to the forefront. Only Murders utilized this concept in “The Boy from 6B” by casting a deaf actor to play a deaf character and placing the viewer in the character’s world by removing their sense of hearing and their reliance on sound. The result is a more powerful connection between the viewer and the disabled character. Further, when compared to the movie Music (2020), directed by singer Sia—which features a disabled protagonist—Only Murders stands out by reattributing complexity to a community that is often portrayed reductively and by asking the audience to step, for thirty-one minutes, out of their abled body

Flame Resistance of Hand Made Wool Carpets

Handmade wool carpet production in Albania constitutes an important outcome for local producers. In order to guarantee the continuity of production, the quality of the products should be assured. Apart from various physical and mechanical properties necessary for the production line and long-life usage, the fire resistance of the carpet, in particular concerning flammability, is an important property mentioned in EU regulations. Hence, this paper focuses on testing the flammability of handmade carpets used primarily for floor coverings. In this research project five different handmade carpets, randomly chosen and consisting of sheep and goat fibers, are considered. Samples were tested according to ISO 6941:2003. Based on the obtained results, the tested products demonstrate very good behavior in terms of fire resistance and appear to meet the EU standard regarding the flammability of floor coverings

A Survey on Peace Perceptions Among University Students in Albania: Implications for Social Science Curricula

The main purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the field of peace education as one of the main pillars of peace studies through promoting and triggering Albanian students’ participation in building and sustaining a culture of peace in the society. It measures perceptions of Albanian students studying in social science disciplines, on peace and peace education. Additionally, it evaluates how much social science curricula in Albania have a peace orientation. The thesis is interested to note if there is a correlation between students perceptions of peace concepts and the rate of involving peace education themes into the curricula they study. In line with these, it has developed three main hypothesis: (1) Students perceive peace mainly as the absence of war; (2) Students perceive peace education as learning about ways of how to stop wars; (3) The majority of Social Studies’ Curricula do not have a peace education approach; (4) There is a positive correlation between students perceptions on peace terms and their involvement in social studies curricula. The thesis employs a quantitative methodology. It utilizes the survey research design, statistical percent distribution and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Criteria of peace and peace education have been derived from the literature review. 18 main peace education themes have been used, coded and numbered from 1-18. The significance of results are measured through the Chi-Square and Phi- Cramer’s V tests. In addition the significance levels of the interference of the independet varialbes such as gender, institution and department are measured through Anova and Mancova tests. Results accept the first, second and the third assumption and reject the fourth one. Albanian students explain peace and peace education by referring mostly to negative peace concepts. Gender significantly interfers in whether students accept peace as the absence of war while department has a siginifcant interference level only at the question that measures their willingness to be part of peace activites. In addition to these results, 33.5 percent of curricula involve any of the peace education theme. The relation between the two set of variables is negative only for two peace education themes and insignificant for all the others. iv To conclude, the results do not mean that peace education does not impact peace knowledge. But, peace education does not make a significant change if incorporated only in terms of syllabus topics. this thesis reconfirms that raising peace awareness in the society requires a multi- dimensional approach with the involvement of all relevant actors and not only institutions of education.Epoka Universit