MARKETING GOALS AND THE QUALITY SYSTEM IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

Industry is an economic activity that takes place from the raw material to the final production. An industry is a group of related enterprises based on their primary business activities. In modern economies, there are dozens of industry classifications, which are usually grouped into larger categories called sectors. A group of companies with their sectors collaborate to produce a final product.Individual businesses or companies are usually classified in an industry based on their largest sources of revenue.The goals of individual or grouped companies are achieved only with a common marketing mission and with a genuine quality system.Keywords: industry, quality, marketing, etc

Application of the New Version of the Environmental Management System, the Impact on Eenterprise Development

A key factor in enterprise development and the quality of its products or services undoubtedly affect the internal and external environment. Standard for Environmental Management System ISO 14001: 2004 since September 15th, 2015 is the version 14001: 2015. This standard has many changes compared to the previous version and includes some important processes such as documentation, complete meaning of a model to implement this standard, the involvement of all staff, operational processes analyzed on the basis of risk and a continuity of processes for quality maintenance and development that enables its customers a product or quality service. In this study, we will see how this standard will affect in relation to the previous version.Keywords: management, standards, quality, environment, ISO 14001:2015, enterprise

IMPACT OF QUALITY STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN THE WESTERN BALKANS FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION MARKETS

European competition is characterized by the supply of high quality products and strong marketing activities. The relationship between quality standards is direct and pronounced as interdependent.The necessity for European standards and quality of products and services is important and necessary to protect the local and regional market and at the same time to break into European markets. Bearing in mind when our road is open to the European Union market, the European companies' pathways to our markets are open as well. This paper shows the influence of the international standards for import and export between the European Union and the Western Balkans.Keywords: quality management, competition, European Union west Balkan market

The role of human SAMHD1 in restricting porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) and the innate immune response to PERV infection in human primary immune cells

Die Freisetzung von Porcinen Endogenen Retroviren (PERVs) aus Schweinezellen ist ein potenzieller Risikofaktor während der Xenotransplantation. PERV ist in der Lage, in humanen Zelllinien zu replizieren. Mögliche Abwehrmechanismen gegen die PERV-Replikation sind zelluläre Restriktionsfaktoren. Dazu gehört SAMHD1, eine Triphosphohydrolase, die den zellulären dNTP Pool in sich nicht teilenden Zellen erschöpft und die reverse Transkription damit verhindert. Restriktionsfaktoren und die angeborene Immunität sind die erste Verteidigungslinie gegen eindringende Krankheitserreger. Die Erkennung viraler Strukturen führt oftmals zur Produktion von Typ-I-Interferonen und nachfolgend zur Expression von IFN-stimulierten Genen. Der erste Teil dieser Arbeit fokussiert auf den Nachweis der antiviralen Aktivität von SAMHD1 gegen rekombinante PERV-A/C in menschlichen Immunzellen. Um dies zu untersuchen, wurden diese Viren aus aktivierten PBMCs von Schweinen gewonnen, um humane Primärzellen von gesunden Spendern zu infizieren. Parallel dazu wurden Primärzellen mit virusähnlichen Partikeln transduziert, welche zum Teil zusätzlich das Vpx- Protein von SIVmac239 enthielten. Das Ergebnis zeigte, dass SAMHD1 die reverse Transkription von PERV-A/C in menschlichen Monozyten, von Monozyten abgeleiteten dendritischen Zellen (MDDC), Makrophagen (MDM) oder ruhenden CD4+ T-Zellen und in monozytischen THP-1-Zellen wirksam einschränkt. Die Degradation von SAMHD1 durch SIVmac Vpx oder CRISPR/Cas9-Knock-out von SAMHD1 ermöglichte die reverse Transkription von PERV. Die Zugabe von Deoxynukleosiden milderte die SAMHD1- vermittelte Restriktion, was darauf hindeutet, dass der SAMHD1-vermittelte Abbau von dNTPs die PERV-Replikation in diesen menschlichen Immunzellen einschränkt. Im zweiten Teil dieser Studie erfolgte die Untersuchung der IFN-Reaktion durch Analyse der Induktion von IFN-stimulierten Genen in humanen Primärzellen nach Infektion durch PERVA/ C. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass PERV-A/C die CXCL-10-Produktion in humanen MDDCs, Monozyten und MDMs über 100-fach erhöht. Aufgrund der profunden Inhibition dieser Aktivierung mit dem JAK-Inhibitor (AT9283) wird daraus geschlossen, dass dieser Signalweg für die CXCL-10 Induktion bei einer PERV-A/C Infektion in humanen myeloischen Zellen verantwortlich ist. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse belegen dass SAMHD1 ein potenzielles Hindernis für die Übertragung von PERV-A/C von Schweinetransplantaten auf Menschen während der Xenotransplantation darstellt.The release of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) particles from pig cells is a potential risk factor during xenotransplantation by way of productively infecting the human transplant recipient. Potential countermeasures against PERV replication are restriction factors, such as SAMHD1, that block retroviral replication. SAMHD1 is a triphosphohydrolase that depletes the cellular pool of dNTPs in non-cycling cells preventing retroviral reverse transcription. Restriction factors and innate immune responses are the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Sensing of viruses in a cell usually results in the production of type I IFNs that lead to the activation of IFN-stimulated genes. The first part of this study focuses on the analysis of the antiviral activity of SAMHD1 against PERV-A/C in human immune cells. To study that, PERV-A/Cs originating from activated porcine PBMCs was used to infect human primary cells from healthy human donors. In parallel, primary cells were transduced with virus-like particles (VLPs) lacking or containing the Vpx protein from SIVmac239. The result showed that SAMHD1 potently restricts PERVA/ C reverse transcription in human monocytes, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC), macrophages (MDM) or resting-CD4+ T-cells and in monocytic THP-1 cells. Degradation of SAMHD1 by SIVmac Vpx or CRISPR/Cas9 knock-out of SAMHD1 allowed for PERV reverse transcription. Addition of deoxynucleosides alleviated the SAMHD1-mediated restriction suggesting that SAMHD1-mediated degradation of dNTPs restricts PERV replication in these human immune cells. The aims in the second part of this study were to investigate the IFN response by monitoring induction of IFN stimulated genes following infection by PERV-A/Cs, and to identify the signaling pathways, which play a role in the type I IFNs response. The results showed that PERV-A/C increased (over 100-fold) CXCL-10 production in human MDDCs, monocytes and MDMs compared with non-infected cells or heat-inactivated virus. Treatment with VLP+Vpx or empty VLP did not cause more CXCL-10 induction compared with untreatment. The JAK-inhibitor (AT9283) reduced the CXCL-10 induction in infected cells indicating that the JAK/STAT pathway is activated by PERV-A/C infection of primary human myeloid cells. In conclusion, the findings in this work highlight SAMHD1 as a potential barrier to PERVA/ C transmission from pig transplants to human recipients during xenotransplantation

Bitcoin Transaction Fee Estimation Using Mempool State and Linear Perceptron Machine Learning Algorithm

Bitcoin, the world’s most valued cryptocurrency, uses a network of computers across the globe to create an immutable transaction record on a public ledger known as the blockchain. The blockchain consists of a series of timestamped blocks, where each block contains a series of transactions selected for inclusion in the block, generally based on how high of a fee the transaction allocates to the party responsible for confirming the transaction. Estimating an appropriate fee for Bitcoin transactions is a challenge for many transacting parties using Bitcoin as a digital currency. This work aims to help Bitcoin users save funds in their transaction fees when building multisig transactions by providing fee estimates that referenced the current state of the unconfirmed transaction pool using the perceptron machine learning classification algorithm.

Waladuzzina Wa Ahkamuhu Dirasah Mugaranah Bain Asyri'h Wal Gunun

ولد الزنا وأحكامه (دراسة مقارنة بين الشريعة والقانون اليمني والإندونيسي) الملخص هذه الرسالة بحث مكتبي كيفي, يعتمد المنهج التحليلي النقدي المقارن, لقضية ولد الزنا وأحكامه في الشريعة والقانون اليمني والاندونيسي,ومشكلة البحث تدور حول النقاط التالية: 1- ما هي نظرة الشريعة الإسلامية إلى ولد الزنا ؟ 2- هل حفظ الإسلام لولد الزنا حقوقه الشرعية كما حفظها لغيره من الأولاد الشرعيين ؟ 3- أيهما اشد اهتماما و أبعد نظراً لمشكلة ولد الزنا, الشريعة الإسلامية أم القوانين الوضعية ؟ بعد البحث في النصوص الشرعية و كتب علماء المذاهب الفقهية ومقارنتها بكل من القانون اليمني والإندونيسي فقد توصل الباحث إلى أن الشريعة الإسلامية حفظت لولد الزنا حقوقه وكرامته ومنزلته بين الناس, ولم تحمله من وزر والديه شيئ, والأحاديث والنصوص التي وردت وظاهرها يدل على ذم ولد الزنا واحتقاره إما أن تكون ضعيفة الإسناد أو أنها مقيدة بأشخاص معينين. وأن ولد الزنا كغيره من الأولاد الشرعيين في جميع الأحكام والحقوق إلا في قضية النسب وما يتعلق به, فإن الشريعة أفردت له أحكاماً خاصة به تتناسب معه ومع محيطه الإجتماعي.كما أن الشريعة الإسلامية هي الحامية الأولى لحقوق الشعوب ومصالحهم, وكلاً من القانون اليمني والإندونيسي لم يستوف أحكام ولد الزنا كاملة, مما يدل على ضعف القدرة البشرية عن إدراك المصالح والحقوق. الكلمات الرئيسية : ولد – الزنا – أحكام – مقارنة – الشريعة – القانون – اليمني- الاندونيسي Illegitimate child and rulings (Comparative study between Sharia law and the Yemeni and Indonesian) Abstract This message qualitative desk research, analytical approach depends comparative cash, the issue of illegitimate child and its provisions in the law and the Yemeni and Indonesian law, and the research problem revolves around the following points: 1. What is the view of Islamic law to the illegitimate child? 2. Does the Name of Islam to the illegitimate child of his rights as legitimate saved for other children of immigrants? 3. Which is more interested in and beyond due to the problem of illegitimate child, the Islamic Sharia or man-made laws? After searching in religious texts and books schools of Islamic jurisprudence scholars and comparing each of the Yemeni law and Indonesian researcher reached the following conclusions: 1. Islamic law preserved the illegitimate child of his rights, dignity and stature among the people, and did not bear the brunt of his parents something, conversations and texts received and seemingly shows to condemn the illegitimate child and contempt are either weak or cross it restricted certain people. 2 - the illegitimate child of immigrants, like the boys in all the provisions and rights except in the case of percentages and related, the law has devoted its special provisions commensurate with him and his social surroundings. 3. Islamic law is the first of the Protecting the rights of peoples and interests, and both the Yemeni and Indonesian law does not meet the provisions of the boy full of adultery, which shows the weakness of the human capacity to recognize the interests and rights

Pro/Con debate: Is procalcitonin useful for guiding antibiotic decision making in critically ill patients?

You are concerned about the escalating use of antibiotics in your intensive care unit (ICU). This has put a strain on the ICU budget and is possibly resulting in the emergence of resistant bacteria. You review the situation with your team and one suggestion is to consider using biomarkers such as procalcitonin to better guide appropriate antibiotic decision making