Multi Parametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the early detection and risk stratification of prostate cancer: The PROMIS trial

Although prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, it remains a difficult and controversial disease in terms of its diagnostic, risk stratification and treatment pathway. This is mainly due to the shortcomings of the standard diagnostic test, trans rectal ultrasound guided biopsy (TRUSBx), that is triggered following an elevated serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) test and the lack of agreement on disease thresholds that correlate to patient risk, if left untreated (and thus undetected). These factors often complicate the selection of the appropriate management that best fits the individual patient. In this doctoral thesis I propose, examine and validate a different approach that aims to shift the current diagnostic paradigm to that of incorporating an imaging test, multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI), prior to TRUS biopsy. First, I will discuss the nature of prostate cancer and highlight the shortcomings of the current diagnostic pathway and their implications. Second, I will analyze the shortcomings in early MP-MRI research that might have hindered its acceptance and adoption into the pathway and review the advances in research that occurred since I started my research. Third, I will discuss the rationale and methodological design considerations behind the PROstate Mri Imaging Study (PROMIS). PROMIS was a multicentre diagnostic paired validating confirmatory cohort study conducted to provide level 1b evidence on diagnostic accuracy of MP-MRI. It was designed to avoid the pitfalls identified in the current literature. I will discuss and analyze the design, conduct and results of the trial and its implications. Finally, I will discuss the wider implications of my work on the clinical practice of prostate cancer management and the future research opportunities made possible by the PROMIS data and its findings

The Effectiveness of Star Strategy Learning on Gifted Students Mathematical Creative Thinking Ability

The purpose of this research is to investigate the mathematics creative thinking skills of gifted students in the International Private School before, during, and after receiving instruction using the STAR method. An analysis of behaviour analysis (ABA) was used as the study approach for the exploration of a certain subject. The sample of the study was selected from International private school in Al-Ain, UAE during the academic year 2020-2021. The investigation focused on two pupils who were both considered to have impressive levels of academic ability. An exercise in description was used as a component of the investigation. According to the findings of this research, subject G1 exhibited a higher ability for mathematically innovative thinking than subject G2 did in baseline condition 2 (A2), with subject G1 attaining 93.33 percent and subject G2 achieving 90 percent. Throughout the whole of this experiment, this was consistently the case for both of the individuals. Subject G1 had a higher percentage of creative thinking ability than subject G2 (83.3% vs. 81.5%), despite the fact that in baseline condition 1 (A1), both individuals creative thinking abilities were at their lowest possible level. Subject G1 had a score of 88.75% in the intervention condition, whereas subject G2 had a score of 86.25% in the intervention condition. This research came to the conclusion that the use of the STAR learning technique, which consists of the phases Search, Translate, Answer, and Review, is beneficial on mathematical creative thinking abilities as measured by Problem Sensitivity, Fluency, Flexibility, Originality, and elaboration

Sikap dan penglibatan Penolong Pegawai Perubatan pelatih dalam aktiviti kokurikulum dengan pencapaian akademik

The purpose of this study was to identify differences in attitude and participation in cocurricular activities based on gender among the Assistant Medical Officer Trainee and this study is to identify the relationship of attitude and participation in co-curricular activities and academic achievement among Assistant Medical Officer Trainee at Alor Setar Medical Assistant College. In this study, a total of 142 persons from 625 college students in Alor Setar Medical Assistant College had been chosen as respondents. Information obtained in this study were processed and analyzed by computer using the program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) which includes t-test, One-Way ANOVA, and Pearson correlations. T-test used for detecting whether there is a difference in attitude and participation of student co-curricular activities on gender; One-Way ANOVA analysis used to detect differences between gender and attitudes, the number of co-curricular activities with the attitude, the attitude and academic performance of duties additional attitude. Pearson correlation analysis used to determine the relationship between the number of co-curricular activities with additional tasks and duties in addition to participation. The study found no significant difference between the significant academic and co-curricular participation, there was no significant difference between academic achievement and student attitudes, there was no significant difference between attitude scores and gender and also no significant difference between participation and gender. The implication of this study to the Alor Setar Medical Assistant College is the step to improve the attitude of trainees should be explored. This is because that with the attitude of student participation in co-curricular activities. Among the trainees should be encouraged to participate themselves more in co-curricular activities. This is because there is no significant difference in terms of attitude and participation of the respondents actively participated in co-curricular activities. Instructor-trainers who act as Chief Coordinator Animated Work and co-curricular activities is proposed to create more additional positions in associations, clubs and sports. Increase the number of committees, clubs, associations and sports. This sense of responsibility at least improve self-esteem and motivation training in co-curricular activities and academics. Awards for excellence in the curriculum should be increased in line with the curriculu

The Digital Learning of Disabled Students: Perceptions of Teachers in Public Schools

The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of public-school teachers about digital learning for disabled students. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, using a questionnaire tailored to accomplish the studys objectives, which was developed by the researchers. A total of 124 male (55) and female (69) public-school teachers in Irbids public schools were included in the study. The outcomes of the survey revealed that public school teachers had a positive attitude toward digital learning. They also discovered statistically significant variations in the samples answers due to the variables of gender (in favor of females) and age (in favor of the age range 40-less than 50)

Optimisation And Validation Of A New Microextraction Method Employing Surfactant For The Determination Of Selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) In Sugarcane Samples

In the present study, a microextraction method termed ultrasound-assisted surfactant enhanced emulsification microextraction (UASEME) has been developed for the determination of phenanthrene (PHE) and fluoranthene (FLU) in sugarcane samples. Optimised extractions were obtained using the following conditions: extraction solvent, toluene; volume of extraction solvent, 30 μL; surfactant, Tween 20; volume of surfactant, 15 μL; extraction time; 2 min and with no salt addition. Under the optimized conditions, the method demonstrated good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9932) over a concentration range of 1 to 1000 μg L- 1

Growth and length-weight relationship of Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) cultured in artificial sea water.

Post larvae of Penaeus monodon were cultured in a tank with artificial sea water between November 2009 and February 2010. Length and weight of the specimens were taken every seven days interval for the study of growth and length-weight relationship. The overall average growth rate was estimated at 0.36 mm per day. The mean daily growth rate was 0.53, 0.33 and 0.27 mm at the first, second and third month respectively. The mean body weight of the cultured specimens varied from 111.17 to 874.00 mg. Average growth of the body weight was estimated at 9.03 mg per day. The relative growth coefficient (b) and condition factor (a) was estimated at 2.94 and 0.00693. It is reveal that the exponent (b) of Penaeus monodon was very near to the isometric value (b = 3.0). So, the growth of P. monodon cultured in tank with artificial sea was isometric. It could be concluded that artificial sea water is feasible for culturing P. monodon when sea water is not available or sea water resource is further away from hatchery