A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY OF VAMANA & VIRECHANA WITH AND WITHOUT SHILAJIT YOGA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MADHUMEHA W.S.R. TO TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Diabetes Mellitus, a syndrome of disordered metabolism with multifactorial aetiology is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia subsequently leading to long-term damage, dysfunction and multiple organ failure. Owing to the importance of disseminating the awareness, first National Ayurveda Day celebrated on 28th Oct. 2016, observed the theme as ‘Ayurveda for prevention and control of Diabetes. Madhumeha concedes 2 subtypes viz., Dhatukshayaja and Margavarodhaja. ‘Samshodhanam Akurvatam’ forms one of the important aetiological factors of Madhumeha which instigated in considering Panchakarma procedures of Vamana and Virechana karma for Shodhana particularly in Margavarodhaja madhumeha and, for a comprehensive management Shilajit Yoga is considered for Shamana therapy. Material and Methods: The study involved Group A (90 days): Vamana & Virechana (30 days) + Placebo (60 days). Group B (90 days): Vamana & Virechana (30 days) + Shilajit yoga (60 days). Dosage: 1 Cap. of 1000mg. Twice daily, Before food. Results: In placebo controlled Group-A, 6 (13.63%) got Controlled results, 10 (22.72%) got Marked Improvement, 24 (54.54%) got Moderate Improvement, 4 (9%) got Mild Improvement and in 4 patients there is No Change. In case of Drug trial (Shilajit Yoga) Group-B, 24 (50%) got Controlled results, 14 (29.1%) got Marked Improvement and 10 (20.8%) got Moderate Improvement. Discussion: Vamana acts on the basic pathology of Bahudravasleshma and Bahuabadhameda. Vamana and Virechana seems to reduce the insulin resistance, and Virechana must be increasing insulin secretion also. In contrast to Group A, ‘Shilajit yoga’ intervened in Group B appears to have substantial controlling effect on the blood sugar levels with its Extra pancreatic and Immunomodulatory effects, and probably through Pancreatotrophic action. Conclusion: The final result of the study supports the role of Shilajit followed by Shodana procedures as a safe and complete substitute to allopathic medication in the patients with an excess of about 50-100mg/dl of blood glucose levels above normal levels, in FBS and PPBS values. 

Optimal power flow based coordinated reactive and active power control to mitigate voltage violations in smart inverter enriched distribution network

Voltage violations are the main problem faced in distribution networks (DN) with a higher penetration of inverter-based generations (IBG). Active and reactive power control from smart inverters (SI) can mitigate such violations. Optimal power flow (OPF)-based control provides more accurate operating set points for the coordinated operation of SIs. Therefore, this paper presents a three-phase OPF-based control on SI-enriched unbalanced distribution networks. To consider this, first three-phase model using the current injection model (CIM) is developed. Later, the optimal active and reactive power set points for SIs are obtained by solving a quasi-dynamic optimization problem. The uniqueness of the proposed method is that it regulates the voltage at the affected nodes by obtaining the optimal set points for the smart inverter. The OPF is implemented with a mathematical CIM in Pyomo and solved using the Knitro solver. The proposed method is compared with the sensitivity-based Volt-Var Control (VVC), Volt-Watt Control (VWC), and combined VVC and VWC methods. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified in a European low-voltage and CIGRE medium-voltage distribution network with 100% penetration. The analysis shows that the OPF-based control optimizes with less network loss and can maintain voltage violations with less reactive power support

Real-Time Price-Based Optimal Energy Mix in Smart Distribution Network

With the increasing penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in Smart Distribution Networks (SDNs), balancing energy mix is a crucial task for distribution system operators. The aggregate consumption, generation, and power exchanged from the upstream network are essential for the energy management system. Appropriate allocation and scheduling of DERs and Energy Storage can minimize the total power drawn from the upstream network. This paper analyzes the Real-Time Price (RTP)-based approach for optimizing the scheduling of DERs and power transfer from the upstream network. The Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP)-based optimization approach is used to maximize the total profit made by maintaining optimal energy mix in SDNs by using the energy from DER and energy storage. When the upstream network’s tariff is higher, the energy balance is maintained by DERs and ESSs as far as possible. It is also observed that with the reduction in the energy price from DERs, power export from the SDN to the upstream network is increased

Oxygen requirements in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children admitted in tertiary care hospital of North India

Background: Study was aimed to describe the oxygen requirements among children admitted as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, from January 2021 to July 2021, in the pediatric ward of Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla. Children admitted with a diagnosis of MIS-C were included. Data regarding socio-demographic factors and oxygen requirements were extracted and analyzed using Epi Info V7 software.Results: A total 31 children diagnosed as MIS-C were included. Tachypnea was present in 18 (58.1%) respiratory distress in 15 (48.4%). Optimal oxygen saturation (SpO2) more than 94% in 9 (25.8%), 93-94% in 8 (25.8%), 91-92% in 5 (16.1%), 86-90% in 2 (6.5%), 81-85% in 4 (12.9%), 75-80% in 1 (3.2%), 71-75% in 1 (3.2%) and <60% in 1 (3.2%). Oxygen at the rate of 2 l/min in 1 (3.2%), 3 l/min in 2 (6.5%), 4 l/min in 1 (3.2%), 5 l/min in 5 (16.1%) and 10 l/min in 9 (29.0%), was given through nasal prong in 1 (3.2%), Venturi mask in 3 (9.7%), NRM in 7 (22.6%) and mechanical ventilation in 7 (22.6%). Duration was for 2 days in 4 (12.9%), for 3 days in 7 (22.6%), for 4 days in 3 (9.7%), for 7 days in 1 (3.2%), for 10 days in 1 (3.2%), for 11 days in 1 (3.2%) and for 13 days in 1 (3.2%). Ventilatory support was given to 7 (22.6%), for 4 days in 2 (6.5%), for 7 days in 2 (6.5%), for 10 days in 1 (3.2%), for 11 days in 1 (3.2%) and for 13 days in 1 (3.2%).Conclusions: Oxygen is a crucial component of MIS-C therapy, children, observing a dip in SpO2 level should immediately start oxygen therapy

Bioactivity evaluation of least explored traditionally acclaimed medicinally potent herb Nanorrhinum ramosissimum(Wall.) Betsche

Present study analysed the therapeutic potential of traditionally acclaimed medicinal herb&nbsp;Nanorrhinum ramosissimum, using plant parts extracted with different solvents (10 mg/mL). Shoot extracts exhibited comparatively better antimicrobial properties, in comparison to root extracts. Total phenolic content was estimated, to ascertain its dependency on antioxidant properties of plant extracts. Antioxidant assay revealed promising results in comparison to IC50&nbsp;value of standard ascorbic acid (52.2±0.07 µg/mL), for methanolic extracts of shoot (61.07±0.53 µg/mL and 64.33±0.33 µg/mL) and root (76.705±0.12 µg/mL and 89.73±0.28 µg/ mL) for&nbsp;in vivo&nbsp;and&nbsp;in vitro&nbsp;regenerants respectively. Correlation coefficient R2&nbsp;values ranged between 0.90-0.95, indicating a positive correlation between phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. Plant extracts were also able to inhibit DNA oxidative damage again indicating their antioxidative potential. Antidiabetic potential was confirmed by alpha amylase inhibition assay where shoot methanolic extracts (invivo,&nbsp;in vitro) exhibited the best IC50&nbsp;values (54.42±0.16 µg/mL, 66.09±0.12 µg/mL) in comparison to standard metformin (41.92±0.08 µg/mL). Ethanolic extracts of roots (in vitro, invivo) exhibited the relative IC50&nbsp;values (88.97±0.32µg/mL,96.63±0.44 µg/mL) indicating that shoot parts had a better alpha amylase inhibition property; thus proving the herb’s bioactive potential and its prospective therapeutic source for curing various ailments

Role of 1% alendronate gel as adjunct to mechanical therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers

Objective Alendronate (ALN) inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and triggers osteostimulative properties both in vivo and in vitro, as shown by increase in matrix formation. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of 1% ALN gel as local drug delivery (LDD) in adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers. Material and Methods 75 intrabony defects were treated in 46 male smokers either with 1% ALN gel or placebo gel. ALN gel was prepared by adding ALN into carbopol-distilled water mixture. Clinical parameters [modified sulcus bleeding index, plaque index, probing depth (PD), and periodontal attachment level (PAL)] were recorded at baseline, at 2 months, and at 6 months, while radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline and at 6 months. Defect fill at baseline and at 6 months was calculated on standardized radiographs by using the image analysis software. Results Mean PD reduction and mean PAL gain were found to be greater in the ALN group than in the placebo group, both at 2 and 6 months. Furthermore, a significantly greater mean percentage of bone fill was found in the ALN group (41.05±11.40%) compared to the placebo group (2.5±0.93%). Conclusions The results of this study showed 1% ALN stimulated a significant increase in PD reduction, PAL gain, and an improved bone fill compared to placebo gel in chronic periodontitis among smokers. Thus, 1% ALN, along with SRP, is effective in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in smokers

Enhancing Healthcare with EOG: A Novel Approach to Sleep Stage Classification

We introduce an innovative approach to automated sleep stage classification using EOG signals, addressing the discomfort and impracticality associated with EEG data acquisition. In addition, it is important to note that this approach is untapped in the field, highlighting its potential for novel insights and contributions. Our proposed SE-Resnet-Transformer model provides an accurate classification of five distinct sleep stages from raw EOG signal. Extensive validation on publically available databases (SleepEDF-20, SleepEDF-78, and SHHS) reveals noteworthy performance, with macro-F1 scores of 74.72, 70.63, and 69.26, respectively. Our model excels in identifying REM sleep, a crucial aspect of sleep disorder investigations. We also provide insight into the internal mechanisms of our model using techniques such as 1D-GradCAM and t-SNE plots. Our method improves the accessibility of sleep stage classification while decreasing the need for EEG modalities. This development will have promising implications for healthcare and the incorporation of wearable technology into sleep studies, thereby advancing the field's potential for enhanced diagnostics and patient comfort

Psychological and Anxiety/Depression Level Assessment among Quarantine People during Covid19 Outbreak

Background- Covid-19 outbreak results in lockdown of provinces by isolating the infected ones and quarantine the population to prevent community spread of corona virus. During quarantine people has to restrict their movement and keep themselves under self-isolation at their home to prevent infections. In long quarantine period it may create psychological or anxiety/depression problem for some people. The objective of our study is to assess and understand the level of psychological, anxiety/depression in quarantine people during covid19 outbreak. Methods- Self-designed digital questionnaire has been used to assess the psychological and anxiety/depression level. The questionnaire contains questions about demographic, socio-assessment, anxiety/depression and psychological assessment. The questionnaire was circulated via digital medium. Result- Total 181 quarantined people were participated in our study, most of our population ages between of 21-30. General health of our participants is moderately good, Socio-status of our participants is fairly effected may be due to restrict movement and conservative way of living during quarantine period. 60.8% of participants become nervous some of the time, about 50% of participants shows the anxiety/depression symptoms, about 30% of our participants are somewhat affected by their sleeping patterns and about 35% participants are sometimes unsatisfied or slightly satisfied during quarantine period. Apart from this out of 181 participants 15 people are having travel history of International or national destinations. The overall mean is 2.2 and SD is 0.6. Conclusion-We found somewhat negative emotions (anxiety/depression, Socio status) in people during quarantine. Which may show low quality of life or low satisfactory life. Keywords: Covid-19, lockdown, quarantine, anxiety, depressio

Significance of interactions of low molecular weight crystallin fragments in lens aging and cataract formation

Analysis of aged and cataract lenses shows the presence of increased amounts of crystallin fragments in the high molecular weight aggregates of water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions. However, the significance of accumulation and interaction of low molecular weight crystallin fragments in aging and cataract development is not clearly understood. In this study, 23 low molecular mass (<3.5-kDa) peptides in the urea-soluble fractions of young, aged, and aged cataract human lenses were identified by mass spectroscopy. Two peptides, B-(1-18) (MDIAIHHPWIRRPFFPFH) and A3/A1-(59-74)(SD(N)AYHIERLMSFRPIC), present in aged and cataract lens but not young lens, and a third peptide, S-(167-178) (SPAVQSFRRIVE) present in all three lens groups were synthesized to study the effects of interaction of these peptides with intact -, -, and -crystallins and alcohol dehydrogenase, a protein used in aggregation studies. Interaction of B-(1-18) and A3/A1-(59-74) peptides increased the scattering of light by - and -crystallin and alcohol dehydrogenase. The ability of -crystallin subunits to function as molecular chaperones was significantly reduced by interaction with B-(1-18) and A3/A1-(59-74) peptides, whereas S peptide had no effect on chaperone-like activity of -crystallin. The A3/A1-(59-74 peptide caused a 5.64-fold increase in B-crystallin oligomeric mass and partial precipitation. Replacing hydrophobic residues in B-(1-18) and A3/A1-(59-74) peptides abolished their ability to induce crystallin aggregation and light scattering. Our study suggests that interaction of crystallin-derived peptides with intact crystallins could be a key event in age-related protein aggregation in lens and cataractogenesis