Statistical optimization of compression coated ketoprofen tablet using amylose/ethyl cellulose mixture for colonic delivery

In the present study the effect of two independent factors (amount of ethyl cellulose in coating layer and coating level) on ketoprofen release from compression coated tablet in order to optimize coated tablet for colonic delivery. 3 2 factorial design was used for designing coated formulation. Amount of ethyl cellulose (X1) and coating level (X2) were selected as independent variables. The studied responses were drug release at 5 hr (Y1) and drug release at 10 hr (Y2). The core tablets were compression coated with different ratio of amylose and ethylcellulose. In vitro drug release study was carried out in pH1.2 for 2 hr, pH 7.4 for 3 hr and goat caecal medium for 5 hr. Drug release revealed that amount of ethyl cellulose and coating level have antagonistic effect on drug release. Multiple regression analysis was used for generation of polynomial equation and optimization of formulation. The optimized formulation consisted of ethyl cellulose (14.33 %) and coating level (318 mg) provided a release profile that is closed to estimated values. The model is found to be accurate and robust for optimization of compression-coated tablet for colonic delivery of ketoprofe

Where is the bride? Progressively declining sex ratio in India: an alarming signal for imbalanced society

Female feticide is an extreme form of violence against women, the most active part is being played by the women themselves just for the mere want of a boy, mothers don't feel bad in strangulating their own daughters in their wombs. From decades of sex determination and female feticide is creating a statistical imbalance regarding the commonly expected ‘male: female’ birth ratio in India. This offense have been spreaded to the states in India like Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Gujarat and Rajasthan, with the news of increasing number of female fetus being aborted from Orissa & Bangalore. The 2011 census has revealed a drastic fall in child sex ratio throughout the country. The decline in child sex ratio in India is guarded by the census figure, in 1991 the figure was 947 girls to 1000 boys, ten years later in 2001 it was about for 927 girl child to 1000 boys. In 2011 it further declined to 914 girl children to 1000 boys

A unique case of recurrent uterine inversion requiring double reposition

Acute puerperal uterine inversion is a rare but life threatening complication of third stage of labour. The incidence varies widely between 1 in 2000 to 1 in 50,000 deliveries, largely dependent upon the standard of management of the third stage of labour. Acute uterine inversion occurs within 24 hours delivery; subacute between 24 hours and 4 weeks of delivery and chronic uterine inversion after 4 weeks or in the non pregnant state. Cases of subacute and chronic uterine inversion require surgical management

Progressive Trends of Childhood Immunization in Rajasthan: A study based on the NFHS database

Any public health program's efficacy may be evaluated solely based on the available statistics. A program's ability to be tracked relies heavily on data. There are several systems in place in India for gathering data on the health of individual states and the country as a whole. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is one of these mechanisms. Children's vaccination status is one of the many data points collected by the National Health Interview Study (NFIS), a representative sample survey. NFHS is commonly used to evaluate and monitor the progress of any health program in the country, therefore, to sum it up: According to Rajasthan's NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 reports, there has been a significant increase in the state's coverage status. Despite the difficulties and the closure of the corona, this research will investigate the data that has demonstrated extraordinary rises and the causes that have made it possible or the huge efforts by the state government

A Survey on Android Malware Detection

Malwares are spreading around the world and infecting not only the end users but also large organizations and service providers. Android operating system seems to have attracted the most attention from Malicious code writer due to its popularity. Earlier, Signature based detection techniques were used to detect unknown malwares. But it was insufficient because these techniques were not able to detect unknown malwares (0-day attack). To analyze the malwares, static and dynamic techniques are used. Static analysis has advantage of being undetectable, as malware cannot modify its behavior during analysis. Despite number of detections and analysis techniques are in place, high detection accuracy of new malwares are still a critical issue. This survey paper highlights the existing detection and existing analysis methods used for the android Malicious code

Edible bamboo resources of Manipur: consumption pattern of young shoots, processing techniques and their commercial status in the local market

73-82Manipur constitutes one of the major hubs of bamboo resource in the country. Apart from its household and industrial uses, bamboo is also revered in the state for its dietary usefulness through consumption of its tender shoots. To quantify the magnitude of usage patterns of bamboo shoots for food in the state, a detailed survey was undertaken covering all the 16 districts and 21 main markets of Manipur. Of the 53 reported species, 15 species belonging to genera Bambusa, Cephalostachyum, Chimonobambusa, Dendrocalamus and Melocanna were recorded as major edible bamboo species consumed as food in different areas of Manipur. Dendrocalamus latiflorus emerged as the most popular edible bamboo species in the state, being consumed in all the 16 districts. Along with fresh shoots, boiled, fermented, pickled and dried forms are also consumed. Different traditional processing and preservation methods of bamboo shoots are also practised in the state of which fermentation is the most popular one. In market places, fresh shoots are sold during the monsoon season whereas fermented shoots are available throughout the year while the sales of other bamboo shoot products in local markets are in a very nascent state

Edible bamboo resources of Manipur: consumption pattern of young shoots, processing techniques and their commercial status in the local market

Manipur constitutes one of the major hubs of bamboo resource in the country. Apart from its household and industrial uses, bamboo is also revered in the state for its dietary usefulness through consumption of its tender shoots. To quantify the magnitude of usage patterns of bamboo shoots for food in the state, a detailed survey was undertaken covering all the 16 districts and 21 main markets of Manipur. Of the 53 reported species, 15 species belonging to genera Bambusa, Cephalostachyum, Chimonobambusa, Dendrocalamus and Melocanna were recorded as major edible bamboo species consumed as food in different areas of Manipur. Dendrocalamus latiflorus emerged as the most popular edible bamboo species in the state, being consumed in all the 16 districts. Along with fresh shoots, boiled, fermented, pickled and dried forms are also consumed. Different traditional processing and preservation methods of bamboo shoots are also practised in the state of which fermentation is the most popular one. In market places, fresh shoots are sold during the monsoon season whereas fermented shoots are available throughout the year while the sales of other bamboo shoot products in local markets are in a very nascent state

Performance of Meshed Tree Protocols for Loop Avoidance in Switched Networks

Loop free frame forwarding in layer 2 switched networks that use meshed topologies to provision for link and path redundancy is a continuing challenge. The challenge is addressed through special protocols at layer 2 that build logical trees over the physically meshed topologies, along which frames can be forwarded. The first such protocol was based on the spanning tree. The spanning tree protocol (STP) had high convergence times subsequent to topology changes. Rapid STP and IETF RFC 5556 Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL) on Router Bridges (RBridges) were then developed to reduce the convergence times. RSTP cntinued to use the spanning tree while TRILL adopted link state routing to support a tree from every switch. TRILL introduces high processing complexity into layer 2 networks. In this article a new meshed tree algorithm (MTA) and a loop avoidance protocol based on the MTA, namely the meshed tree protocol (MTP) are discussed. The MTA allows constructing several overlapping trees from a single root switch. This speeds up convergence to link failures. The MTP proposes a simple numbering scheme to implement meshed trees – thus, the processing complexity is low. The specification for the MTP is currently an ongoing IEEE standard Project 1910.1. In this article the operational details of MTP are presented and its performance evaluated and compared with RSTP

Electrospinning: The Technique and Applications

Electrospinning is a useful and convenient method for producing ultrathin fibers. It has grabbed the scientific community’s interest due to its potential to produce fibers with various morphologies. Numerous efforts have been made by researchers and industrialists to improve the electrospinning setup and the associated techniques in order to regulate the morphology of the electrospun fibers for practical applications. Porous, hollow, helical, aligned, multilayer, core-shell, and multichannel fibers have been fabricated for different applications. This chapter aims to provide readers with a clear understanding of the electrospinning process: its principle, methodology, materials, and applications. The chapter begins with a brief introduction to the history of electrospinning, followed by a discussion of its principle and the basic components of electrospinning setup. The parameters that affect the electrospinning process such as operating parameters and the properties of the material being electrospun are discussed briefly. An overview of the different types of electrospinning technique, capable of producing nanofibers with different morphologies, is also presented. Afterward, the applications of electrospun nanofibers, including their use in biomedical applications, filtration, energy sectors, and sensors applications are discussed succinctly. The perspectives on the challenges, opportunities, and new directions for future development of electrospinning technology are also offered