Some n-p (Hg,Cd)Te photodiodes for 8-14 micrometer heterodyne applications

The results describing the dc and CO2 laser heterodyne characteristics of a three element photodiode array and single element and four element photodiode arrays are presented. The measured data shows that the n(+)-p configuration is capable of achieving bandwidths of 475 to 725 MHz and noise equivalent powers of 3.2 x 10 to the minus 20th power W/Hz at 77 K and 1.0 x 10 to the minus 19th power W/Hz at 145 K. The n(+)-n(-)-p photodiodes exhibited wide bandwidths (approximately 2.0 GHz) and fairly good effective heterodyne quantum efficiencies (approximately 13-30 percent at 2.0 GHz). Noise equivalent powers ranging from 1.44 x 10 to the minus 19th power W/Hz to 6.23 x 10 to the minus 20th power W/Hz were measured at 2.0 GHz

Penetration Testing Frameworks and methodologies: A comparison and evaluation

Cyber security is fast becoming a strategic priority across both governments and private organisations. With technology abundantly available, and the unbridled growth in the size and complexity of information systems, cyber criminals have a multitude of targets. Therefore, cyber security assessments are becoming common practice as concerns about information security grow. Penetration testing is one strategy used to mitigate the risk of cyber-attack. Penetration testers attempt to compromise systems using the same tools and techniques as malicious attackers thus, aim to identify vulnerabilities before an attack occurs. Penetration testing can be complex depending on the scope and domain area under investigation, for this reason it is often managed similarly to that of a project necessitating the implementation of some framework or methodology. Fortunately, there are an array of penetration testing methodologies and frameworks available to facilitate such projects, however, determining what is a framework and what is methodology within this context can lend itself to uncertainty. Furthermore, little exists in relation to mature frameworks whereby quality can be measured. This research defines the concept of “methodology” and “framework” within a penetration testing context. In addition, the research presents a gap analysis of the theoretical vs. the practical classification of nine penetration testing frameworks and/or methodologies and subsequently selects two frameworks to undergo quality evaluation using a realworld case study. Quality characteristics were derived from a review of four quality models, thus building the foundation for a proposed penetration testing quality model. The penetration testing quality model is a modified version of an ISO quality model whereby the two chosen frameworks underwent quality evaluation. Defining methodologies and frameworks for the purposes of penetration testing was achieved. A suitable definition was formed by way of analysing properties of each category respectively, thus a Framework vs. Methodology Characteristics matrix is presented. Extending upon the nomenclature resolution, a gap analysis was performed to determine if a framework is actually a framework, i.e., it has a sound underlying ontology. In contrast, many “frameworks” appear to be simply collections of tools or techniques. In addition, two frameworks OWASP’s Testing Guide and Information System Security Assessment Framework (ISSAF), were employed to perform penetration tests based on a real-world case study to facilitate quality evaluation based on a proposed quality model. The research suggests there are various ways in which quality for penetration testing frameworks can be measured; therefore concluded that quality evaluation is possible

Facilitating the Parent/Child Bond: The Training, the Role, and the Perceived Self-Efficacy of Speech-Language Pathologists in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the facilitation of parent/child bonding through the roles, training, and perceived self-efficacy of speech-language pathologists working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, as well as to investigate what changes could be made in speech pathology bonding education. Five certified speech-language pathologists currently working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit were contacted through an online questionnaire and asked to describe their preferences, beliefs, and practices. While results were variable, the respondents were unified in a belief that there is a connection between feeding disorders and disruption in parent/child bonding. They reported consistently using bonding facilitation techniques but were not unanimously sure that their techniques were effective. There was also an indication that the respondents learned most of what they know about bonding from pursuits outside their college speech pathology program, and that programs should explore bonding facilitation more in the classroom

Why Families Choose Catholic High Schools In Neighborhoods With Highly-Ranked Public Schools

In the San Francisco Bay Area of California, there are numerous options for secondary education, including free, well-ranked public schools and costly Catholic high schools. Although enrollment at Catholic schools is declining nationwide, there is still an interest in attending Catholic high schools due to the teaching of strong moral values, the benefit of long-term enrollment, the extraordinary classroom experiences which include a safe and welcoming environment for the students, extensive faculty and staff dedication, higher levels of parent involvement, advanced standards for student achievement, more civically engaged students, and a more infused college-going culture in the school promoting college readiness and the attendance at more selective higher education institutions. Overall, Catholic high schools attract better performing students from more privileged backgrounds and make a stronger positive impact on students, which leads to a perceived superior education experience. Catholic high school admissions must use these reasons families decide to attend Catholic schools to their benefit, by innovating their marketing strategies and admissions events to create more interest in the high school. By updating marketing and events, Catholic high schools will gain additional prospective families, creating a larger enrollment or more selective admissions

International students becoming Physiotherapist:A post qualitive inquiry

While there has been much written about international students’ experiences of studying in the UK and to a lesser extent, the experiences of international nursing students, there is little known about the experiences of international physiotherapy students. In response to the recent trend for international students seeking to complete their physiotherapy degree in the UK, this inquiry aims to examine international students becoming physiotherapist.Previous research in this area is based on the epistemological theory of social constructionism, viewing ‘becoming a physiotherapist’ as a linear process of professional socialisation, where students assimilate new attitudes, knowledge and skills, and assume a new identity as a professional physiotherapist. However, this post qualitative inquiry offers a novel approach. Drawing on Deleuze and Guattari’s (1983; 1987) concepts of affect, assemblage and multiplicity, I present becoming physiotherapist as a rhizome: expanding, elongating, changing shape in a relentless, dynamic process of unforming and forming connections with a range of different bodies, entities, assemblages.Through a series of unstructured interviews over a three year period, 12 international physiotherapy students shared stories relating to their experiences of becoming physiotherapist. Using a rigorous process of thinking with theory (Jackson and Mazzei 2012), I engaged with a range of theories as I worked with the data (MacLure 2010) and through this intense process, theory became entangled with the students’ stories around their becomings, from which a number of insights emerged.Becoming physiotherapist was different for each of the students and was presented as a process of deciphering a range of codes, relating to the human body, movement and also communication. While all of the international students had some familiarity with the code of physicality, and quickly became familiar with new cultural and learning codes, language codes presented challenges in different ways throughout the three years. However, despite this, becoming physiotherapist continued. Capacity building was viewed in terms of the ability to affect and to be affected by other bodies in a particular environment, and this was different for each student. A number of factors were highlighted as important to the ability of students to express capacity: the structure of the learning environment, the behaviour of those with whom they were learning and their own imaginaries. This inquiry has provided an alternative view of international students’ engagement and challenges the deficit model often described in literature. Rather than viewing engagement as the responsibility of the student, it is seen as a response to affects flowing through a particular environment. Recommendations are made for physiotherapy education, including the scheduling of time and multiple opportunities for students to move flexibly between striated learning spaces (to gain familiarity with new codes and structures) and smooth learning spaces (for adapting and refining behaviours). Broader educational implications are raised, including impact of contextual hospitality on both the student’s experience and their ability to express capacity on practice placements. The concept of the Body without Organs is used to explore the powerful impact of educators who approach students with humility, who are vigilant to affects within a learning milieu. Students responded to such behaviour by expressing their unique capacities, and entering into productive relationships which further enhanced their becoming physiotherapist