Anti-Hijack: Runtime Detection of Malware Initiated Hijacking in Android

AbstractAccording to studies, Android is having the highest market share in smartphone operating systems. The number of Android apps (i.e. applications) are increasing day by day. Consequent threats and attacks on Android are also rising. There are a large number of apps which bypass users by hiding their functionalities and send users sensitive information and data across the network. Due to flexibility and openness of Android operating system, attack surfaces are being introduced every other day.In this paper, we are addressing detection of two fatal malware attacks; intent based hijacking and authenticated session hijacking. We have used the concept of honey-pot in detection of these two authentication hijacking problems. In order to achieve this, we have tested various apps and their interaction with the honey-pot maintained by real device or an emulator. We have designed benign app as a honey framed app. We argue that hijacking malware can be detected with higher accuracy using our method at run-time as compared to the traditional machine learning methods. Our approach, Anti-Hijack, which has provided the detection accuracy as high as 96%. This has been highly accurate to detect the unwanted interaction between hijacking malware and designed benign app. We have tested our approach on a strong data-set of Android apps for experiment and identifying vulnerable points. Our detection method Anti-Hijack is a novel contribution in this area which provides light weight, device operated run-time detection at hijacking malware

Need opportunity not sympathy : bal mela for children with disabilities

Just like any other day, I was on my regular school visits, but the school I visited that day was special and invoked an insight in me. The school that I am talking about is the Government Higher Primary School in the Kupagal village of Shorapur taluk (Yadgir district). I was talking to the children of grades 6 and 7. One child was not responding since she could not grasp my words. Then, her friends helped her with hand signs, and she could understand me. I found out that her hearing was impaired, and her siblings too had the same condition. Even though I could not have normal communication with her, her friends did not seem to face any trouble communicating with her. This incident somehow got me thinking that these children also have special abilities and if only we could understand them better and provide them with diverse opportunities, they too could be successful in studies. I realised what they need is opportunities, not sympathy, to bring out the competencies waiting to be unfolded

Validity of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of acute pyelonephritis in comparison with contrast-enhanced computed tomography

Purpose: Applications of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging outside the brain have gained increasing importance in recent years, and recent studies have shown the usage of diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging in diagnosing pyelonephritis based on renal cortical and medullary apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of DW magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in comparison with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in diagnosing pyelonephritis. Material and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted for a period of six months in a tertiary hospital in Coimbatore. All patients with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis, who were referred for radiological imaging (CECT), were taken into the study. Out of 112 patients with a clinical and laboratorial diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN), who underwent both DW MR and CECT, diagnosis of APN was made in 100 patients based on CECT, while in 12 cases the investigation (CECT) was negative. Finally, these 100 patients were included in the study. The validity of DW MR imaging in diagnosing APN was assessed by deriving sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value in comparison with CECT findings. Results: The validity report of DW MR imaging in the detection of APN showed a very high sensitivity (96-100%) and specificity (86-90%) and very low false positives (6-10%) and negatives (< 5%), and it also showed that in the areas of affected renal parenchyma ADC values were consistently lower compared to unaffected renal parenchyma. Conclusion: Based on the generated hypothesis, DW MR imaging of the kidneys seems to be highly sensitive and specific for the detection of focal or diffuse infections within the kidney in comparison with CECT

Parallel and Streaming Wavelet Neural Networks for Classification and Regression under Apache Spark

Wavelet neural networks (WNN) have been applied in many fields to solve regression as well as classification problems. After the advent of big data, as data gets generated at a brisk pace, it is imperative to analyze it as soon as it is generated owing to the fact that the nature of the data may change dramatically in short time intervals. This is necessitated by the fact that big data is all pervasive and throws computational challenges for data scientists. Therefore, in this paper, we built an efficient Scalable, Parallelized Wavelet Neural Network (SPWNN) which employs the parallel stochastic gradient algorithm (SGD) algorithm. SPWNN is designed and developed under both static and streaming environments in the horizontal parallelization framework. SPWNN is implemented by using Morlet and Gaussian functions as activation functions. This study is conducted on big datasets like gas sensor data which has more than 4 million samples and medical research data which has more than 10,000 features, which are high dimensional in nature. The experimental analysis indicates that in the static environment, SPWNN with Morlet activation function outperformed SPWNN with Gaussian on the classification datasets. However, in the case of regression, the opposite was observed. In contrast, in the streaming environment i.e., Gaussian outperformed Morlet on the classification and Morlet outperformed Gaussian on the regression datasets. Overall, the proposed SPWNN architecture achieved a speedup of 1.32-1.40.Comment: 25 pages; 2 Tables; 7 Figure

Women over 40, foreigners of color, and other missing persons in globalizing mediascapes: understanding marketing images as mirrors of intersectionality

Media diversity studies regularly invoke the notion of marketing images as mirrors of racism and sexism. This article develops a higher-order concept of marketing images as “mirrors of intersectionality.” Drawing on a seven-dimensional study of coverperson diversity in a globalizing mediascape, the emergent concept highlights that marketing images reflect not just racism and sexism, but all categorical forms of marginalization, including ableism, ageism, colorism, fatism, and heterosexism, as well as intersectional forms of marginalization, such as sexist ageism and racist multiculturalism. Fueled by the legacies of history, aspirational marketing logics, and an industry-wide distribution of discriminatory work, marketing images help to perpetuate multiple, cumulative, and enduring advantages for privileged groups and disadvantages for marginalized groups. In this sense, marketing images, as mirrors of intersectionality, are complicit agents in the structuration of inequitable societies

Implementation of Low Cost Automatic Gear Suggestion System

The present automatic transmission is fully mechanically controlled and costs very high. But the proposed gear suggestion mechanism design makes driving much easier and to achieve efficient driving. It is similar to other transmission system on vehicle as it allows an internal combustion engine, best suited to run at high rotational speed to provide torque outputs necessary for vehicular travel. By this system the manual mechanical gear-shifting system will remain unchanged because it suggests the gear change based on increased speed. This article touches on a PIC microcontroller and a Proximity sensor. The main advantage of using mid-range microcontroller is that it is of low-cost and reliable. This technique can also be used to identify the gear position. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.16045

The Impact of In-Store Inspirational (vs. Deal-Oriented) Communication On Spending:The Importance of Activating Consumption Goal-Completion

In-store communication delivered through technology formats (e.g., kiosk, digital display) as well as non-technology formats (e.g., magazine cover, flyer) can help retailers enhance sales by delivering relevant content to consumers. Although prior research has primarily examined the effects of deal-oriented content that primarily offers promotions for a single product on shopper spending, the effects of inspirational content that sparks ideas (e.g., novel ways to use products) on spending are unclear. Inspirational content can affect spending differently from deal-oriented content as it activates stronger motivation for consumption goal-completion. Guided by motivation for goal-completion, this article proposes that inspirational content increases spending more than deal-oriented content does. The authors propose and empirically test the hypotheses using data from a set of experimental studies, a field experiment, and an eye-tracking study. The results show that inspirational content increases spending more than deal-oriented content or no content. This effect is mediated by consumption goal-completion, such that it is attenuated when consumers already have consumption goals or when the content detracts from inspiration-induced goals. These results suggest that retailers can increase sales by using clear, inspirational content in their communications

Normative Study of Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Young Adults

ABSTRACT Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP) are potentials recorded from ear and vertex in response to brief auditory stimulation to asses conduction through the auditory pathway upto the level of midbrain. BAEP comprises of five or more waves within ten milliseconds of the stimulus and three interpeak latencies. Each individual wave and interpeak latencies provides information about an area of auditory pathway starting with cochlear nerve to the level of inferior colliculi. Recently these potentials have been widely studied in audiology, neurology, neonatology and anaesthesiology. These potentials tend to vary with various ethnic groups. Since India has a widely diverse ethnic population, this study was undertaken to prepare normative data pertaining to local population and normalize the results with variables such as gender and anthropometric measures like head size which could have an effect on these recordings. In this randomized study, 100 normal subjects (50 males and 50 females) were selected. BAEP was recorded using EMG RMS PK II machine. Head measurements were taken with a measuring tape. The results were analyzed by descriptive methods. Males showed greater head measures and greater wave and interpeak latencies than female subjects with a significant p value of less than 0.001. All wave and interpeak latencies were greater in males than in females which could be because of bigger head size measurements in males