High origin of left testicular artery associated with accessory renal artery and renal cyst; a cadaveric observation

The variation in origin of the testicular artery is not uncommon, few reports about a high origin from the abdominal aorta exist in the literature. The renal artery is known to exhibit variations in its number and position. The knowledge of this variation will help the radiologists and surgeons in avoiding clinical complication during interventions. During routine dissection teaching to first year MBBS students at Sapthagiri Medical College, Bangalore we found variation in vascular pattern of testicular and renal artery associated with renal cyst. Photographs of the variations were taken. There was high origin of left testicular artery and accessory left renal artery associated with bilateral simple renal cyst in adult Male cadaver aged around 60years.There was also prehilar division of right renal artery associated with renal cyst. Anomalies in the origin, course and number of testicular artery were observed in 4.7 percent of cases. Additional renal vessels are known as the accessory renal artery and their incidence varies between 9-76%. In the present case there was high origin of left testicular artery associated with accessory renal artery and renal cyst. This anatomical knowledge of the presence of accessory renal artery and high origin of testicular artery in this case is important for radiologists, surgeons and urologist in their clinical practice

Stock Price Prediction using Bat Algorithm

There is no such thing as a safe path of investment in the stock market because it is highly unpredictable, which has been a major concern of investors globally. As a result, stock market or stock price prediction has been a hot topic for scholars and researchers and a popular topic for investors worldwide

Syntheses and conformational analyses of some cyclohexane-based 1,3-dipodands and 1,3,5-tripodands

A series of dipodands (2, 4 and 9) as well as tripodands (13, 18, 20, 26 and 31) have been synthesized and characterized. The general synthetic methodology followed involves alkylation of the cyclohexane-based alcohols with the arm tosylates.(DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI). The conformational aspects governing the complexation of these podands with alkali metal ions were studied by \sp1H NMR, \sp{13}C NMR and \sp{13}C dynamic NMR supported by complementary molecular mechanics studies. The relative complexing abilities of 2 and comformationally biased 9 have been measured by \sp{13}C NMR competition experiments. Lipophilic podand 18 and model 13 were studied for the possibility of micellar behavior of these molecules. The relative complexing abilities of podands 37, 13, 18 and 2 were compared by competition experiments. Extra long arm podands 26 and 31 were found to be capable of complexing two Na\sp+ ions. The Na\sp+--Na\sp+ distance was estimated by CPK models to be approximately 3.2 A\sp{\rm o}. A concentration dependence study of 1:1 mixture of complex to free ligand was done in CDCl\sb3 by \sp{13}C dynamic NMR. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)

A RAPID ASSAY METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF EPLERENONE IN TABLETS BY UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Objective: To develop a rapid, simple and a cheap UV spectrophotometric assay method for the estimation of Eplerenone in tablets and validate as per ICH guidelines.Methods: The optimized method uses 0.05N HCl as a solvent for the estimation of assay of Eplerenone in tablets at a detection wavelength of 245 nm.Results: System precision and intra-day precision are exemplified by relative standard deviation of 1.5% and 1.3% respectively. Method was found to be rugged as precision was found to be 1.2%. The developed method resulted in Eplerenone exhibiting linearity in the range 5-15μg/ml. Percentage Mean recovery was found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. Conclusion: A rapid, simple and a cheap UV spectrophotometric assay method was developed and validated for the estimation of Eplerenone in tablets as per ICH guidelines and hence it can be used for the routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries.Â

DNA marker characterization for allele mining of blast and bacterial leaf blight resistant genes and evaluation for grain yield

Landraces of rice were evaluated for blast and bacterial leaf blight (BLB) resistance, via tightly linked SSR markers and by phenotyping for flowering time, maturity and grain yield. Correlation between flowering maturity and grain yield was carried out using 162 local landraces and traditional rice cultivars. Days for 50% flowering ranged from 59 to 157 days, maturity from 93 to 192 days and seed yield per plant ranged from 0.24 to 33.3 g. Strong association was observed between flowering time and maturity time. Marker RG64 linked to Pi-2, a major dominant blast resistance gene on Chromosome 6 and marker pTA248 on Chromosome 11 linked to Xa21, a resistant gene to bacterial leaf blight were used to detect the presence of resistant alleles. Three different types of bands of 1 kb carrying Xa21 resistant allele and two susceptible alleles of 700 and 750 bp were amplified using pTA248. 14 rice genotypes were resistant for BLB, 46 genotypes showed susceptible banding pattern, and 87 genotypes were in heterozygous condition for resistance. 28 genotypes carried resistant alleles for both blast and bacterial leaf from among them Gowri Sanna, Ponni, Antharsali and Doddabyranellu were popularly preferred by the farmers. These can serve as donor lines for transferring of both resistances simultaneously.Keywords: Landraces, blast, bacterial leaf blight, grain yield, DNA markersAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(18), pp. 2331-234

INVESTIGATION ON DISSOLUTION PATTERN AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF DRUG RELEASE OF QUERCETIN BY COMPLEXATION WITH CYCLODEXTRIN NANOSPONGES

Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the release pattern of a poorly water-soluble drug quercetin (QU) by fabricating its cyclodextrin nanosponges. Methods: Characterization of the original QU powder and QU-loaded nanosponges was carried out by the Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dissolution tester. The drug release pattern was subjected to various kinetic models. Results: FTIR studies confirmed the formation of inclusion complex of drug. The particle size analysis revealed that the average particle size measured by laser light scattering method is around 400–420 nm with low polydispersity index. The particle size distribution is unimodal and having a narrow range. A sufficiently high zeta potential indicates that the complexes would be stable and the tendency to agglomerate would be miniscule. TEM image revealed the porous nature of nanosponges. The dissolution of the QU nanosponges was significantly higher compared with the pure drug. Conclusion: From the kinetic study, it is apparent that the regression coefficient value closer to unity in case of Korsmeyer-Peppas model indicates that the drug release exponentially to the elapsed time. n value obtained from the Korsmeyer-Peppas plots, i.e., 0.9911 indicating non-Fickian (anomalous) transport ; thus, it projected that delivered its active ingredient by coupled diffusion and erosion

Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies of Co(II) Complexes with Tetradentate Schiff bases Derived from Ortho-Phthalaldehyde

A series of cobalt (II) complexes have been synthesized with Schiff bases derived from ortho-phthalaldehyde and various amines in aqueous methanol solution. The newly synthesized Schiff bases and their Co (II) complexes have been characterized  by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, thermal, conductance measurements, mass, IR, electronic, 1H,13C-NMR spectral techniques. These ligands act as tetradentate species and coordinate to the metal center through the different potential donor atoms such as N, O and S. The probable octahedral structures have been assigned to these complexes. All the synthesized Schiff base ligands and Co(II) metal complexes have also been screened for their antimicrobial activities and metal complexes found to be more active than respective Schiff-base ligands

Relationship between morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker based genetic distance with heterosis in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Identification of potential parents that produce the hybrids with superior yield is the most important step in developing hybrids to save the substantial resources. The present study was carried out to assess the morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker based genetic diversity, to estimate mid parent heterosis and to correlate the estimated parental genetic diversity with heterosis chilli. Five CMS B - lines and 30 testers were used for morphological and AFLP marker genetic divergence analysis. 150 hybrids were synthesized through Line × Tester (5 × 30) mating design and were used to estimate the mid-parent heterosis for nine characters at two locations. 35 parents were examined for nine morphological traits and were grouped in to six clusters. These parents were also examined for eight AFLP primers combinations and were grouped into seven clusters. More than 50% of hybrids showed significant mid-parent heterosis for both green and red fruit yield plant-1. Hence, there is a much potential for development of good yielding hybrids. The positive significant correlation was found between morphological and AFLP marker distance of the parents with heterosis for plant height (r = 0.17 and 0.38), green fruit yield plant-1 (r = 0.19 and 0.25) and red fruit yield plant-1 (r = 0.20 and 0.34); however, the correlation coefficients were not strong in these traits. Genetic distance between parents was not strong enough to predict the performance of the hybrids and proved to be of no predictive value.Keywords: Correlation, molecular markers, genetic diversity, chill

AMCIS 2006 Panel Report: The Web as a Digital Reflection of Reality

The web is increasingly relied upon as a reflection of reality, which raises a number of key issues not yet fully recognized or articulated, warranting further study. This new digital reality and the unprecedented capabilities it embodies in terms of searchability, aggregatability, temporal persistence, and so on, give rise to great challenges in the areas of Digital Identity Management, Social Impacts, Currency and Accuracy of Digital Data, Distorting Factors, Legal Issues and Implications, among others, that are only just becoming recognized and articulated. This paper reports on a panel exploring these issues and speculating creatively on how they might be addressed in IS academic research by adopting a fundamental information processing approach to design, incorporating analogs from evolutionary biology, for example

Correction: Zare et al. Encapsulation of miRNA and siRNA into Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 1620

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