Simultaneous determination of anti-diabetic drugs

A novel reverse phase, isocratic HPLC method is described to separate five anti-diabetic drugs i.e., glimepiride, metformin, sitagliptin, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone. Nucleosil C18 analytical column was used as stationary phase, while mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile:phosphate buffer: methanol (40/40/20, v/v) pH 2.0. Effluent was monitored at a flow rate 1 mL/min and detected at wavelength of 240 nm. This research produced excellent chromatography over a wide concentration range of 25‑10000 ng/mL. Sepprated and well resolved quantifiable peaks were obtained and test results were linear in this range. Correlation coefficient of more than 0.9990 was witnessed as well as Low %RSD values i.e., maximum 2.0% documented excellent precision of the method. Good recoveries from pharmaecutical (99-101%), urine and plasma samples (>96%) in a range of concentrtion granted very good linearity, accuracy and precision. The projected method has satisfactory applications in quality control of these molecules as well as quantification of these molecules in urine and plasma samples

Patient Satisfaction in a Tertiary Care Government Hospital

OBJECTIVES: To determine patient satisfaction in terms of various services such as ease of getting care, in-patient admission, waiting for check-up, staff interaction, medical care, cost of care, and cleanliness in a Tertiary Care Government Hospital. METHODOLOGY: The study design was cross sectional observational. A total of 200 patients meeting our inclusion criteria were enrolled through convenient sampling techniques in this research study. A well-designed questionnaire was used for data collection of admitted patients.  RESULTS: Out of 200 patients, 96 (48%) male and 104 (47%) female patients were interviewed. 72% were satisfied with clinical care services, 14% had mixed views while 14% patients were not satisfied at all. CONCLUSION: Patients in general showed their satisfaction in some of the aspects, however, keeping in view the burden a public sector hospital absorbs on a daily basis, and it was imperative to receive unsatisfactory feedback from patients in most of the aspects. Thus, the results of my study recommend to the health care leaders to take practical steps to bring further improvement by developing a proper mechanism for the uplift of public sector hospitals

Online Teaching during COVID-19 Pandemic: Teachers’ Experiences from a Chinese University

This paper explores the experiences of Chinese university teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular emphasis on the teaching and learning methods adopted and the benefits and challenges encountered in the process. It is based on semi-structured interviews with 13 Chinese university teachers selected through purposive sampling. The findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic forced the university and teachers to adopt online teaching and learning without necessary preparations. Most of the teachers had no adequate ICT and pedagogical training to engage in online teaching and learning. The teachers used the little knowledge they had to learn creating videos and managing online classes gradually. In addition to the flexibility benefits, online learning is expected to transform the teaching and learning process in China to become more interactive and student-centered, which would be a significant achievement for teachers who have been practicing traditional teaching methods. This research provides a better understanding of the benefits and challenges of online learning, which could be vital for future adjustments or educational reforms

Multi-component quantitation of loratadine, pseudoephedrine and paracetamol in plasma and pharmaceutical formulations with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry utilizing a monolithic column

The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid, simple and sensitive quantitation method for pseudoephedrine (PSE), paracetamol (PAR) and loratadine (LOR) in plasma and pharmaceuticals using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with a monolithic column. Separation was achieved using a gradient composition of methanol-0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1. Mass spectral transitions were recorded in SRM mode. System validation was evaluated for precision, specificity and linearity. Limit of detection for pseudoephedrine, paracetamol, and loratadine were determined to be 3.14, 1.86 and 1.44 ng mL-1, respectively, allowing easy determination in plasma with % recovery of 93.12 to 101.56%

Pregabalin and Tranexamic Acid Evaluation by Two Simple and Sensitive Spectrophotometric Methods

This paper demonstrates colorimetric visible spectrophotometric quantification methods for amino acid, namely, tranexamic acid and pregabalin. Both drugs contain the amino group, and when they are reacted with 2,4-dinitrophenol and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, they give rise to yellow colored complexes showing absorption maximum at 418 nm and 425 nm, respectively, based on the Lewis acid base reaction. Detailed optimization process and stoichiometric studies were conducted along with investigation of thermodynamic features, that is, association constant and standard free energy changes. The method was linear over the concentration range of 0.02-200 gmL −1 with correlation coefficient of more than 0.9990 in all of the cases. Limit of detection was in range from 0.0041 to 0.0094 gmL −1 and limit of quantification was in the range from 0.0137 to 0.0302 gmL −1 . Excellent recovery in Placebo spiked samples indicated that there is no interference from common excipients. The analytical methods under proposal were successfully applied to determine tranexamic acid and pregabalin in commercial products. -test and ratio were evaluated without noticeable difference between the proposed and reference methods

3D-QSPR Method of Computational Technique Applied on Red Reactive Dyes by Using CoMFA Strategy

Cellulose fiber is a tremendous natural resource that has broad application in various productions including the textile industry. The dyes, which are commonly used for cellulose printing, are “reactive dyes” because of their high wet fastness and brilliant colors. The interaction of various dyes with the cellulose fiber depends upon the physiochemical properties that are governed by specific features of the dye molecule. The binding pattern of the reactive dye with cellulose fiber is called the ligand-receptor concept. In the current study, the three dimensional quantitative structure property relationship (3D-QSPR) technique was applied to understand the red reactive dyes interactions with the cellulose by the Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) method. This method was successfully utilized to predict a reliable model. The predicted model gives satisfactory statistical results and in the light of these, it was further analyzed. Additionally, the graphical outcomes (contour maps) help us to understand the modification pattern and to correlate the structural changes with respect to the absorptivity. Furthermore, the final selected model has potential to assist in understanding the charachteristics of the external test set. The study could be helpful to design new reactive dyes with better affinity and selectivity for the cellulose fiber

Tyrosinase inhibition: conformational analysis based studies on molecular dynamics calculations of bipiperidine based inhibitors.

Two series of variably N-substituted biperidines were synthesized by condensing various acid chlorides, alkyl halides and anhydrides with 1,4-bipiperidine. The new compounds were tested as tyrosinase inhibitors and a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study was carried out. Potent inhibition was observed in the case of the 4'-methylbenzyl substitution on this atom (IC50 = 1.72 microM) with this compound being a lead for future drug design. Additionally, calculations of the important QSAR molecular descriptors were done on the biperidine analogues after their 2 ps molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using molecular mechanics force field (MMFF) approaches. Using MD simulations potential and total energies were calculated for the energy minimized models of bipiperidine and the most active analogs 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10

Synthesis, enzyme inhibition and anticancer investigation of unsymmetrical 1,3-disubstituted ureas

In this research work seventeen urea derivatives, including five new derivatives N-mesityl-N'-(3-methylphenyl)urea (2), N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-N'-(3-methylphenyl)urea (4), N-mesityl-N'-(4-methylphenyl)urea (6), N-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-N'-(3-methylphenyl)urea (9) and N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinecarboxamide (15) have synthesized by reacting ortho, meta and para tolyl isocyanate with primary and secondary amines by previously reported method. We exhibited all series (1-17) to urease, β-glucuronidase and snake venom phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibition assays. The ranges of % inhibition for urease, β-glucuronidase and phosphodiesterase enzymes were 0.3-45.3, 4.9-44.9 and 1.2-46.4 % respectively. Moreover, the effect of these compounds on prostate cancer cell lines was also observed. The new compound N-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-N'-(3-methylphenyl)urea (9) showed in vitro anticancer activity with IC50 value of 78.28 ± 1.2 μM. All the compounds were characterized by state of art spectroscopic techniques