5,259 research outputs found
Patterns of Orthopaedic Complications of Haemophilia at Khartoum Haemophilia Clinic
Background: Haemophilia is a common hereditary bleeding disorder caused by deficiency in clotting factor VIII (Type A) factor IX (Type B) with A:B 5:1. Severity of the disease depends on the level of the circulating factor. Bleeding tendency is the presenting feature and musculoskeletalinvolvement is a common presenting feature.Objectives: To study the demographic characteristics, clinical and radiological patterns of musculoskeletal disorders associated with haemophilia in patients presented to Khartoum Haemophilia Clinic (KHC).Patients and Methods: Demographic characteristics, patterns of clinical and radiological features of 78 patients with haemophilia A and B who presented to KHC, between March 2004 and June 2005 were analyzed.Results: There were 78 patients; all were males, their ages ranging between 1.5 and 50 years. 80% of them were either of preschool or school age groups. Haemophilia A: B was 4.5:1. Over 80% had articular involvement and the knee joint was involved in more than 50% of cases.Radiological findings were less severe in patients with haemophilia B, and were more severe in patients older than 30 years of age.Conclusion: We conclude that most of patients present with sequelae of recurrent musculoskeletal bleeds. Thus we observed that most of cases presented late with already destroyed joints. We recommend here to give treatment as prophylactic rather than on demand as it is now practiced asinevitable destruction of joints with repeated bleeds will be the presenting feature
Dynamic Testing Versus Static Load Tests: Five Case Histories
Five case histories, where the ultimate bearing capacity of the piles was evaluated by both dynamic measurements and static load tests in Southern Ontario, Canada, are presented. The ultimate bearing capacity of the piles obtained by both methods are compared and found that the ultimate bearing capacities evaluated by dynamic measurements are within 1 to 15 percent of the static load test results analysed by the Offset Limit Load Criterion. In four of the six piles evaluated, the dynamic analysis results are within 10 percent of the static load test results. The correlations have shown that dynamic analysis of pile capacity by dynamic measurements is an excellent alternative to static load test
Frequent use of paracetamol and risk of allergic disease among women in an Ethiopian population
Introduction
The hypothesis that paracetamol might increase the risk of asthma and other allergic diseases have gained support from a range of independent studies. However, in studies based in developed countries, the possibility that paracetamol and asthma are associated through aspirin avoidance is difficult to exclude.
Objectives
To explore this hypothesis among women in a developing country, where we have previously reported aspirin avoidance to be rare.
Methods
In 2005/6 a population based cohort of 1065 pregnant women was established in Butajira, Ethiopia and baseline demographic data collected. At 3 years post birth, an interview-based questionnaire administered to 945 (94%) of these women collected data on asthma, eczema, and hay fever in the past 12 month, frequency of paracetamol use and potential confounders. Allergen skin tests to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and cockroach were also performed. The independent effects of paracetamol use on allergic outcomes were determined using multiple logistic regression analysis.
Findings
The prevalence of asthma, eczema and hay fever was 1.7%, 0.9% and 3.8% respectively; of any one of these conditions 5.5%, and of allergen sensitization 7.8%. Paracetamol use in the past month was reported by 29%, and associations of borderline significance were seen for eczema (adjusted OR (95% CI) = 8.51 (1.68 to 43.19) for 1–3 tablets and 2.19 (0.36 to 13.38) for ≥4 tablets, compared to no tablets in the past month; overall p = 0.055) and for ‘any allergic condition’ (adjusted OR (95% CI) = 2.73 (1.22 to 6.11) for 1–3 tablets and 1.35 (0.67 to 2.70) for ≥4 tablets compared to 0 in the past month; overall p = 0.071).
Conclusions
This study provides further cross-sectional evidence that paracetamol use increases the risk of allergic disease
Überblick über Spurenelemente in Böden der Aue der Mittleren Elbe
Floodplain soils across the Central Elbe River, Germany, have unique features. These soils vary considerably in their properties due to rapid fluvial processes and in metal contents due to frequent industrial discharge into the river. Although there have been works studying such soils, there has never been a comprehensive study that would monitor a large number of entire soil profiles along the Elbe River.
Our aim was to describe the main properties of 94 profiles representing different soils along the Elbe River, their content from 15 potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in various depths, and assess various soil contamination and health risk indices.
We measured soil properties auch as pH, organic carbon (OC), particle size distribution, as well as total concentrations of aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr), tin (Sn), vanadium (V), zirconium (Zr), and zinc (Zn) in all soil profiles.
We presented the data for all soil horizons and in top- (0-30 cm depth) and subsoil (>30 cm depth). We found that pH, OC, and clay differed significantly between top- and subsoil horizons reflecting different water regimes and other factors. On the other hand, Al, Fe, and Mn were not affected significantly by depth. Among the studied PTEs, Sn was found to be generating the highest values in Contamination Factor, Geoaccumulation Index, and Enrichment Factor; it was followed by As, Zn, and Pb. Other PTEs such as Ba, Rb, Sr, V, and Zr, and exhibited much lower soil contamination index values. The Pollution Load Index was very high. Health risk assessment indicated rather unexpectedly that Zr was the primary contributor to total risk. We conclude that in multi-element contamination cases, even PTEs with low soil concentrations (such as Zr here) may have predominant role in the risk related to soil contamination
Speciation of vanadium in the dissolved, colloidal, and sediment phase under dynamic redox-conditions in a V contaminated soil treated and untreated with biochar
Vanadium is a redox-sensitive toxic element and can exist in a variety of oxidation states: −1, 0, +2, +3, +4, and +5. Vanadium (+5) is considered as a potentially dangerous pollutant. Biochar (BC) can be used to remediate soils contaminated with potential toxic elements (PTEs) including V. However, the efficiency of BC to immobilize V and its on speciation of V in the dissolved and colloidal phase and its mobilization and phytoavailability in the sediment phase under dynamic redox-conditions in highly contaminated soils under dynamic redox conditions has not been studied up to date. Thus, we have i) quantified the impact of pre-definite redox conditions on the speciation and release dynamics of V in the dissolved and colloidal phase as well as on the mobilization and phytoavailability of V in the soil sediments phase in a highly contaminated alkaline soil (CS) (non-treated) (pH = 7.44 and total V = 1,040 mg kg-1) collected from China and in the same soil treated with BC (CS+BC), and ii) assessed the impact of rice husk biochar as soil amendment on the same parameters. The impact of redox potential (EH), pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and sulfate (SO42-) on speciation and release dynamics of V was also determined under dynamic redox conditions. In addition, the used biochar was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The experiment was conducted in stepwise from moderate reducing (-30 mV in CS and -12 mV in CS+BC) to oxidizing (+218 mV in CS and +333 mV in CS+BC) soil conditions in different cycles using a highly sophisticated automated biogeochemical microcosm apparatus.
Flooding of the CS and CS+BC caused significant changes of pH values which varied from 6.15 to 8.33 in the CS and from 5.14 to 7.91 in the CS+BC and the EH correlated negatively with pH. The dissolved concentrations of V varied from 15.2-46.4 mg L-1 in the CS to 14.9-50.2 mg L-1 in the CS+BC, while the colloidal concentrations of V varied from 39.5-49.9 mg L-1 in the CS to 31.8-50.2 mg L-1 in the CS+BC.
Different redox cycles affected significantly the speciation and release dynamics of V in the dissolved and colloidal phase and its mobilization and phytoavailability in the sediment phase
Formulation And Evaluation Of Mouth Dissolving Tablets Of Amoxapine
The objective of the present study is to design and formulate orodispersible tablets of Amoxapine using novel Co-processed superdisintegrants by employing direct compression method. Amoxapine is used to treat symptoms of depression. Amoxapine is a class II drug with high permeability and low solubility. There is a need to develop a formulation of Amoxapine that will enhance the bioavailability of the drug by decreasing the disintegration time. Thus improves patient compliance generate rapid response enhances bioavailability and also reduces dose of drug. In this study ODTs are prepared by direct compression method using novel super disintigrants in different proportions .The powder blend is subjected to pre compression parameters including bulk density, true density, tapped density, cars index, Hausner’s ratio and angle of repose. The formulations are evaluated for weight variation, hardness, wetting time, water absorption test, disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies and all formulations complies its Pharmacopoeial standards. The tablets are evaluated and the results compared for all four super disintigrants revealed cross povidone to be the most efficious super disintigrants to formulate mouth dissolving tablets of Naproxen sodium as suggested by the dispersion time , disintegration time and drug dissolution profile
Efficacy and safety of the trans-obturator tape for female stress urinary incontinence
Background: To assess the safety and efficacy of Trans-obturator tape (TVT-O) for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods: A cohort of 35 cases of SUI and underwent TVT-O procedure over a period of 4 years. Pre-operative evaluation included pelvic examination, one hour pad test, urodynamic study, urinary diary and baseline haematological tests. Post-operatively all women had post-void residual volume and were followed up for 3 years.Results: The mean age of the patients was 47±9.5 years. TVT-O alone was done in 58.1% of cases. 41.9% of cases had TVT-O done as a concomitant procedure. The median duration of follow-up was 48 months. The overall objective and subjective cure rate was 92.3% with failure rate of 7.7%, 12.9% of women reported post-operative thigh pain and 6.5% patients had immediate post-operative urinary retention. 16.1% of the patients had post-operative voiding dysfunction. No major complications were encountered in these patients.Conclusions: TVT-O is a safe, easy and effective minimally invasive procedure for female SUI with minimal acceptable complications
Effect of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) pods as feed additive on egg antioxidants, chemical composition and performance of commercial layers
The present study was designed to investigate the influence of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) pod meal (MPM) on production, immunity, and functional food index of chicken eggs. Two hundred HyLine W36 layer birds aged 50 weeks, 1469 ± 46.63 g, were assigned to four treatments in a completely randomized design, with five replicates and ten birds each. Diets A, B, C, and D were formulated with the same caloric and protein levels, but with differing MPM dose levels of 0, 5, 10, and 15g MPM/kg finisher diet, respectively. Data for production performance, quality, and chemical composition of eggs were analysed by one-way ANOVA, and means were compared with Duncan’s multiple range test. As a result of this study, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and egg mass (EM) were significantly decreased and recorded lowest in Group B, which was offered 5 g/kg above the basal diet. Bioactives such as β-carotene, quercetin, and selenium levels were increased (540, 121, & 72.21μg/100g of yolk, respectively), whereas cholesterol levels in egg yolk and serum were decreased significantly, that is, 201.87 mg/100g and 8.47 mg/dl, respectively. Serum biochemical indicators, including serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), glucose, creatinine and cholesterol levels, were lowered significantly. Proximate analysis of egg yolk showed that moisture and ether extract were decreased, whereas crude protein (CP), ash and minerals, sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and phosphorus (P) contents were increased. The outcomes of this study showed that MPM supplementation affects EM, serum biochemistry and bioactive compounds of the egg yolk positively. Keywords: Antibody titers, β-carotene, cholesterol, egg quality, quercetin, seleniu
Comparative nutritional analysis between Vigna radiata and Vigna mungo of Pakistan
Vigna radiata (mung bean) and Vigna mungo (mash bean) of the family Fabaceae are among staple food in Pakistan. The experiments were conducted on these beans to determine the proximate composition such as moisture, ash, fibre, fat and protein content. The protein isolates from V. radiata and V. mungo was prepared and their functional properties (foaming, nitrogen solubility index and SDS gel electrophoresis) were also analyzed. All biochemical constituents were analyzed using official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (2005). Results show that they have high protein content and play significant role in human nutrition. These beans have high nitrogen solubility and less fat content; which is a characteristic generally needed for healthy food. This research concluded that V. radiata has high percentage of moisture (9.74 ± 0.19), fat (1.35 ± 0.048) and protein content (22.5 ± 0.24) as compared to V. mungo (7.9 ± 0.06, 1.01 ± 0.01, 21.3 ± 0.24, respectively). 54 and 33% of protein isolates were made from V. radiata and V. mungo, respectively. The functional properties analysis enhances their acceptability in food industry.Key words: Vigna radiata, Vigna mungo, protein isolate, foam stability
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