Islamic Agricultural Economic Financing Based On Zakat, Infaq, Alms And Waqf In Empowering The Farming Community

In the development of the agricultural sector, farmers are the key to its success. However, to a certain extent, specific interventions need to be done considering the problems faced by most farmers, such as financial constraints, lack of assistance, facilities, agricultural tools, and lack of land, which are obstacles to developing farmers enterprises. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze the potential of Islamic social finance tools in farmers development, particularly in facilitating financial problems of farmers in line with the government efforts in strengthening the agricultural sector. The distribution of productive zakat, infaq, alms and waqf (ZISWAF), based on the application of contractual contracts inherent from Islamic legislation and the management of productive ZISWAF, will be highlighted in this paper. The methodology of this study is based on a qualitative approach like gathering information from library research, and hence it is analyzed based on a deductive approach. The management of ZISWAF is divided into two, namely consumptive and productive ZISWAF. Consumptive ZISWAF can assist farmers in meeting their daily needs. At the same time, productive ZISWAF can develop farmers agricultural enterprises through musaqah, muzaraah, mukharabah, and ijarah contracts. Accordingly, it can be argued that Islamic social finance can play a positive role and be an alternative solution to farmers to promote agricultural land development

Analisis kepimpinan Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi terhadap pembangunan modal insan di Malaysia

Pembangunan modal insan merupakan intipati serta menjadi tunjang utama kepada kepimpinan mantan Perdana Menteri kelima Malaysia iaitu Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi. Dewasa kini, aspek pembangunan modal insan menjadi fokus utama dunia dalam penyediaan masyarakat yang berhemah tinggi serta tinggi nilai budi pekertinya. Pembangunan negara kelas utama harus seiring dengan pemikiran masyarakat yang berminda kelas pertama. Malaysia adalah sebuah negara yang menuju ke arah negara perolehan pendapatan tinggi, namun pemikiran masyarakat masih kelas ketiga. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk memperlihatkan aspek utama penerapan pembangunan modal insan yang dilakukan oleh Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif deskriptif dalam menghurai peranan serta sumbangan utama Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi memperkasakan pembangunan modal insan kepada masyarakat di Malaysia. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini juga akan memaparkan analisis dan rangka kerja pembangunan modal insan yang diaplikasikan oleh Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi dalam masyarakat majmuk Malaysia

ZISWaF Institutional Approach to Activate Idle Agricultural Land as a Catalyst for the Agro-Food Sector in Malaysia

In various efforts to strengthen the agro-food sector, development on idle land is one of the keys to achieving it. Neglect of idle land is a waste that needs to be well managed to mobilize all resources properly and produce crop yields to the maximum level. Therefore, this paper will discuss the factors that lead to the occurrence of idle land and finds a solution from a Malaysian perspective. Referring to this problem, it is seen, through the institutional approach, that it is capable of being one of the best alternatives because institutions are a set of rules that affect human economic life. Through an institutional approach, it can apply the ZISWaf management recommended by previous Islamic scholars divided into four schemes to activate idle agricultural land with proper coordination. This paper is using qualitative methods based on data and information from the literature review and then it is analysed based on a deductive approach. As a result, the ZISWaf institutional approach can realize the concept of implementing the agro-food Waqf institution to solve the issue of idle land.     CITE THIS PAPER: Mohamed, Muhammad I.; Mohd Shafiai, Muhammad H.; Hilmi, Mohd H. (2022). "ZISWaF Institutional Approach to Activate Idle Agricultural Land as a Catalyst for the Agro-Food Sector in Malaysia" Journal of World Economy: Transformations & Transitions (JOWETT) 2(05):20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52459/jowett2520112

A Management Framework of Islamic Micro Financing for Sustainable Palm Oil Farming

The growth of demand and production in palm oil has increased rapidly from time to time, as this scenario has a positive impact on the development of economy. However, in the long run,the scenariomay give a negative impact if it is not closely controlled; like the issue of haze. Therefore, thisstudy is aimed to create a sustainable mechanism framework of palm oil farming among smallholders using Islamic micro financing.This is because; the position of smallholders is an issue in the sustainability debate in the palm oil industry at the global level. Using library research, this study discovered the constraints and the challenges faced by independent smallholders to create sustainable palm oil farming. Hence, the study was developed around the specific objectives that looked into the Islamic microfinance form and appropriate mechanisms for the implementation. In doing so, this study employed the qualitative method. From the results, it was concluded that Islamic microfinance is indeed a source of funding for a number of independent smallholders of oil palm. Later on, Islamic microfinance may contribute to sustainable palm oil production. Furthermore, by introducing a workable mechanism, more Islamic financial institutions should be involved in providing Islamic microfinancing to smallholders

The roles of spirituality and morality in human capital development

This study pertains to the relevance of spirituality and morality in Human Capital Development. The Conventional Economic Theories do not regard morality as an essential component of their principles; they consider material good as the end, and the end justifies the means. Moral issues like justice, honesty and fairness are treated as outside elements to be used by the state only to correct the short comings of the market transactions. This grave error is the result of their misunderstanding of what constitute ‘human-self’ and, therefore, what is to be considered as ‘self-interest’. What they describe as ‘self’ is infact the ‘Ego-self’; which is the lower part of human spirit, and that which theologians have described as ‘animalistic soul’. The conventional economist failed to recognize the human ‘Angelic-spirit’ in their definition of human-self, that which is the essence and the bearer of human moral faculties. The implication of such error is that moral aspect of human-being is ignored, and ‘Self-interest’ is, now, confused with egoistic behavior and selfishness in the conventional economics. As a result, the states that practice these economic systems have seen alarmingly disproportionate distribution of wealth, and exploitation and deception have become a normal means to the end. The objective of this study thus is to explain the link between spirituality and morality, as the former is the source of the latter. To explain how the concept of Human Capital directly impacts the economic transaction. To analyze how spiritual faculties govern our moral values, and why morality must be included in the definition of Human Capital in conventional economics and transactions. The method of the study is qualitative; it analyzes the perspectives of the conventional economist and that of the theologians of Abrahamic Religions Islam, Christianity and Judaism on what constitute ‘Human-self’ and human ‘Innate abilities’ that are vital for Human Capital Development Programs. It concludes that the definition of ‘human-self’ needs adjustment and ‘self-interest’ must include ‘moral-interest’, and that morality must be internally cultivated for the achievement of socially responsible Human Capital

Entrepreneurship Education and Students Entrepreneurial Intention: Does Teacher Creativity Really Matter?

Escalating entrepreneurs is expected to provide more job opportunities that contributes in diminishing social and economic issues. This study aims to analyze the interconnectedness between teacher creativity and entrepreneurial intention as well as investigate the role of entrepreneurship education. This research adopted a descriptive correlational study that aims to analyze the nexus between variables using a quantitative approach study. This current study engaged primary data from an online questionnaire that was performed online to vocational students with five Likert scale choices. Furthermore, the statistical analysis was conducted using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with the use of SmartPLS 3.0 software. The outcomes of this study indicate that teacher creativity takes a crucial role in determining students’ intention of being entrepreneurs. These results imply that teachers’ creativity in classroom learning to inspire, motivate, and encourage students can support entrepreneurship education as well as students’ entrepreneurial intention. The basic rationale is that entrepreneurship education is subjected to several aspects including cognitive, affective and psychomotor. Keywords: Entrepreneurship education, Entrepreneurial intention, Students’ intention, Teacher’s creativit

Alcoholic Drinks and Public Interest in case of Noe-liberalism and Islam

Francis Fukuyama has explained that searching a meaningful pattern in the past events of mankind will always show the clash of ideologies, in which each idea attempted to establish itself as the universal faith for organizing the society and institutions according to its specific blueprint. The triumph of liberalism over Marxism and Fascism, established the superiority of liberalism which brought history to an end-point of mankind ideological evolution and the universalization of western liberal democracy as the final form of human civilization. Have we in fact arrived at the end-point of mankind ideological evolution? Should we believe that neoliberalism is capable to provide greatest interest to the greatest number. Muslims believes that Islam already provided the best and everlasting ideology for the welfare of humanity. Islam is based on the logic of intervention in the socioeconomic affairs of mankind, while neoliberalist believes on non-intervention. On the basis of alcoholic drinks, this paper on one hand highlighted the relationship between public interest in case of neoliberalism and Islam, while on the other hand it also highlighted the internal contradiction. Results indicate that besides contradiction, neoliberalism is attributable to the greatest harm to the greatest number while in the dogma of Islam there is greatest benefits to the greatest number

Kesan sikap, faktor halangan dan manfaat tanggapan Pekebun Kecil Sawit Persendirian kepada niat menggunakan mikro kredit Islam

Kekurangan modal kewangan merupakan masalah utama yang dihadapi oleh Pekebun Kecil Sawit Persendirian (PKSP) dalam meningkatkan produktiviti kelapa sawit. Walaupun terdapat 6 buah institusi perbankan Islam menyediakan mikro kredit kepada golongan petani, tetapi produk ini tidak mendapat sambutan dari golongan petani terutamanya PKSP. Bagi merungkai faktor yang menyebabkan PKSP kurang berminat mengambil mikro kredit dari perbankan Islam, kertas ini menggunakan konsep niat Al-Ghazali untuk mencapai dua objektif yang dikaji. Objektif pertama, menganalisis kesan sikap terhadap mikro kredit Islam, faktor halangan dan manfaat tanggapan kepada niat menggunakan mikro kredit Islam. Objektif kedua, menganalisis kesan faktor halangan dan manfaat tanggapan kepada sikap terhadap mikro kredit Islam. Bagi memahami fenomena ini, kajian telah dilaksanakan di daerah Hilir Perak, Malaysia yang melibatkan seramai 362 orang PKSP. Data kajian yang diperolehi melalui soal selidik dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Kertas ini mendapati faktor halangan dan sikap terhadap mikro kredit Islam signifikan mempengaruh niat menggunakan mikro kredit Islam, manakala manfaat tanggapan didapati tidak signifikan mempengaruhi niat. Kertas ini turut mendapati, pembentukkan sikap terhadap mikro kredit Islam hanya dipengaruhi oleh manfaat tanggapan. Kertas ini merumuskan bahawa, PKSP kurang berminat mengambil mikro kredit Islam untuk tujuan pertanian kerana ciri-ciri produk mikro kredit yang ditawarkan oleh institusi perbankan Islam kurang menarik dan tidak kompetatif. Sehubungan dengan itu, kertas ini mencadangkan institusi perbankan Islam perlu menambah baik ciri-ciri produk mikro kredit serta menjalinkan hubungan rakan strategi dengan pemain industri yang lain bagi mengurangkan risiko dan seterusnya menawarkan produk mikro kredit yang kompetatif di pasaran