The fungal literature-based occurrence database for southern West Siberia (Russia)

The paper presents the initiative on literature-based occurrence data mobilisation of fungi and fungi-related organisms (literature-based occurrences, Darwin Core MaterialCitation) to develop the Fungal literature-based occurrence database for the southern West Siberia (FuSWS). The initiative on mobilisation of literature-based occurrence data started in the northern part of West Siberia in 2016. The present project extends the initiative to the southern regions and includes ten administrative territories (Tyumen Region, Sverdlovsk Region, Chelyabinsk Region, Omsk Region, Kurgan Region, Tomsk Region, Novosibirsk Region, Kemerovo Region, Altai Territory and Republic of Altai). The area occupies the central to southern part of the West Siberian Plain and extends for about 1.5 K km from the west to the east from the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains to Yenisey River and from north to south—about 1.3 K km. The total area equals about 1.4 million km . The initiative is actively growing in spatial, collaboration and data accumulation terms. The working group of about 30 mycologists from eight organisations dedicated to the data mobilisation was created as part of the Siberian Mycological Society (informal organisation since 2019). They have compiled the almost complete bibliographic list of mycology-related papers for the southern West Siberia, including over 900 publications for the last two centuries (the earliest dated 1800). All literature sources were digitised and an online library was created to integrate bibliography metadata and digitised papers using Zotero bibliography manager. The analysis of published sources showed that about two-thirds of works contain occurrences of fungi for the scope of mobilisation. At the time of the paper submission, the database had been populated with a total of about 8 K records from 93 sources. The dataset is uploaded to GBIF, where it is available for online search of species occurrences and/or download. The project's page with the introduction, templates, bibliography list, video-presentations and written instructions is available (in Russian) at the web site of the Siberian Mycological Society. The initiative will be continued in the following years to extract the records from all published sources. New information The paper presents the first project with the aim of literature-based occurrence data mobilisation of fungi and fungi-related organisms in the southern West Siberia. The full bibliography and a digital library of all regional mycological publications created for the first time includes about 900 published works. By the time of paper submission, nearly 8 K occurrence records were extracted from about 90 literature sources and integrated into the FuSWS database published in GBIF

The fungal literature-based occurrence database in southern West Siberia (Russia)

The abstract presents the initiative to develop the Fungal Literature-based Occurrence Database for Southern West Siberia (FuSWS), which mobilizes occurrences of fungi from published literature (literature-based occurrences, Darwin Core MaterialCitation). The FuSWS database includes 28 fields describing species name, publication source, herbarium number (if exists), date of sampling or observation, locality information, vegetation, substrate, and others. The initiative on digitization of literature-based occurrence data started in the northern part of Western Siberia two years ago (Filippova et al. 2021a). The present project extends the initiative to the south and includes eight administrative regions (Sverdlovsk, Omsk, Kurgan, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Altay, and Gorny Altay). The area occupies the central to southern part of the West Siberian Plain. It extends for about 1.5 thousand km from the west to the east from the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains to Yenisey River, and from north to south—about 1.3 thousand km. The total area equals about 1.2 million km2.Currently, the project is actively growing in spatial, collaboration and data accumulation terms. The working group of about 30 mycologists from 16 organizations dedicated to the digitization initiative was created as part of the Siberian Mycological Society (informal organization since 2019). They have created the most complete bibliographic list of mycology-related papers for the Southern West Siberia, including over 800 publications for the last two centuries (the earliest dated 1800). At abstract submission, the database had been populated with a total of about 10K records from about 100 sources. The dataset is uploaded to GBIF, where it is available for online search of species occurrences and/or download (Filippova et al. 2021b) Fig. 1. The project's page with the introduction, templates, bibliography list, video-presentations and written instructions is available at the website of the Siberian Mycological Society (https://sibmyco.org/literaturedatabase).The following protocol describes the digitization workflow in detail:The bibliography of related publications is compiled using Zotero bibliographic manager. Only published works (peer-reviewed papers, conference proceedings, PhD theses, monographs or book chapters) are selected. If possible, the sources are digitized and added to the library as PDF files. The template of the FuSWS database is made with Google Sheets, which allows simultaneous use by several specialists, in a common data format provided. The simple Microsoft Excel template is also available for the offline databasing. The Darwin Core standard is applied to the database field structure to accommodate the relevant information extracted from the publications.From the available bibliography of publications related to the region, only works with species occurrences are selected for the databasing purpose. The main source of occurrences is annotated species lists with exact localities of the records. However, different sorts of other species citations are also extracted, provided that they had the connection to any geography. All occurrences are georeferenced, either from the coordinates provided in the paper, or from the verbatim description of the field work locality. The georeferencing of the verbatim descriptions is made using Yandex or Google map services. Depending on the quality of georeference provided in publications, the uncertainty is estimated as follows: 1) the coordinate of a fruiting structure or a plot provided in the publication gives the uncertainty about 3-30 meters; 2) the coordinate of the field work locality provided in publication gives the uncertainty about 500 m to 5 km; 3) the report of the species presence in a particular region gives the centroid of the area with the uncertainty radius to include its borders.The locality names reported in Russian are translated to English and written in the «locality» field. Russian descriptions are reserved in the field «verbatimLocality» for accuracy.When possible, the «eventDate» is extracted from the annotation data. Whenever this information is absent, the date of the publication is used instead with the remarks in the «verbatimEventDate» field.The ecological features, habitat and substrate preferences are written in the «habitat» field and reserved in Russian.The original scientific names reported in publications are filled in the «originalNameUsage» field. Correction of spelling errors is made using the GBIF Species Matching tool. This tool is also used to create the additional fields of taxonomic hierarchy from species to kingdom, to fill in the «taxonRank» field and to synonymize according to the GBIF Backbone Taxonomy.To track the digitization process, a worksheet is maintained. Each bibliographic record has a series of fields to describe the digitization process and its results: the total number of extracted occurrence records, general description of the occurrence quality, presence of the observation date, details of georeferencing and the name of a person responsible for the digitization

Nmr Imaging Application for Study of the Polymethylmethacrylate Colloidal Crystals Infiltration in the Inverse Opals Preparation Technology

NMR Imaging results of polymethylmethacrylate colloidal crystals infiltration are presented. For infiltration study the colloidal silica and fluids with different relation of surface tension and viscosity were utilized. Wetting front has a trend to be steady while propagated into bulk sample as revealed by means of NMR Imaging. As regards of powder sample, the wetting front instability was observed. Both the wetting front dynamic and structural properties of samples namely porous media permeability, fractal dimension of porous space and tortuosity were successfully measured. NMR Imaging techniques was demonstrated to be suitable for noninvasive study of infiltration processes occurred in the course of inverse opals preparation.В работе представлены результаты ЯМР томографического исследования пропитки коллоидных кристаллов полиметилметакрилата золем SiO2 и жидкостями с различными значениями поверхностного натяжения и динамической вязкости. С помощью данного метода выявлен устойчивый характер фронта пропитывания в крупнокристаллических образцах, измерена его динамика и рассчитана из экспериментальных данных проницаемость пористой среды. Обнаружена неустойчивость фронта при пропитывании порошкообразных образцов, рассчитана фрактальная размерность и извилистость порового пространства. Продемонстрирован высокий потенциал метода для неразрушающего контроля процессов пропитки ПММА при получении инверсных опалов

Синтез опалов из частиц полиметилметакрилата в дисперсионных средах с различной вязкостью

The article was prepared based on the materials of the report at the first All-Russian scientific conference with international participation "YENISEI PHOTONICS – 2020". Photonic crystals are structures that have a spatial architecture with a periodically changing complex dielectric function at scales comparable to the wavelengths of light in the visible frequency range. The purpose of this study is to obtain three-dimensional photonic crystals by self-assembly from submicron spherical monodisperse particles of polymethylmethacrylate in dispersion media with different viscositiesФотонные кристаллы — это структуры, которые имеют пространственную архитектуру с периодически изменяющейся сложной диэлектрической функцией в масштабах, сопоставимых с длинами волн света в видимом диапазоне частот. Целью данной работы является получение трёхмерных фотонных кристаллов путём самосборки из субмикронных сферических монодисперсных частиц полиметилметакрилата в дисперсных средах с различной вязкость

Nmr Imaging Application for Study of the Polymethylmethacrylate Colloidal Crystals Infiltration in the Inverse Opals Preparation Technology

NMR Imaging results of polymethylmethacrylate colloidal crystals infiltration are presented. For infiltration study the colloidal silica and fluids with different relation of surface tension and viscosity were utilized. Wetting front has a trend to be steady while propagated into bulk sample as revealed by means of NMR Imaging. As regards of powder sample, the wetting front instability was observed. Both the wetting front dynamic and structural properties of samples namely porous media permeability, fractal dimension of porous space and tortuosity were successfully measured. NMR Imaging techniques was demonstrated to be suitable for noninvasive study of infiltration processes occurred in the course of inverse opals preparation.В работе представлены результаты ЯМР томографического исследования пропитки коллоидных кристаллов полиметилметакрилата золем SiO2 и жидкостями с различными значениями поверхностного натяжения и динамической вязкости. С помощью данного метода выявлен устойчивый характер фронта пропитывания в крупнокристаллических образцах, измерена его динамика и рассчитана из экспериментальных данных проницаемость пористой среды. Обнаружена неустойчивость фронта при пропитывании порошкообразных образцов, рассчитана фрактальная размерность и извилистость порового пространства. Продемонстрирован высокий потенциал метода для неразрушающего контроля процессов пропитки ПММА при получении инверсных опалов

Development of ecological thinking of students-designers with the help of project activity

Эффективное формирование экологического мышления студентов-дизайнеров в ландшафтном проектировании обеспечивается включением в учебный процесс инновационных методов . Effective development of ecological thinking of students-designers in landscape design is provided with the help of innovative methods of training in educational process

Levulinic Acid Conversion to γ-Valerolactone Via Transfer Hydrogenation Over ZrO2-Containing Catalysts in Isopropanol

Синтезированы две серии ZrO2-содержащих катализаторов, различающиеся текстурными характеристиками и кислотными свойствами: 1) мезопористые композиты на SBA‑15, полученные методом соосаждения и методом послойного нанесения Zr; 2) массивные ZrO2, полученные осаждением (моноклинный) и темплатным синтезом (инверсные опалы). Катализаторы исследованы физико-химическими методами (ПЭМ, СЭМ, УФ и ИК‑спектроскопия, РФА, адсорбции N2, определение pHтнз) и испытаны в конверсии левулиновой кислоты до гамма-валеролактона в водородно-донорном растворителе – изопропаноле, протекающей с переносом водорода по механизму Меервейна-Понндорфа- Верлея. Для ZrO2-содержащих каталитических систем на основе SBA‑15 параметрами, определяющими каталитические свойства, являются содержание циркония и кислотность катализатора. Повышение кислотности катализатора наблюдается при уменьшении содержания циркония, что приводит к увеличению скорости конверсии субстрата и понижению селективности процесса образования ГВЛ. Максимальный выход ГВЛ составил 94 мол.% (190 °C, 120 мин.) на катализаторе Zr/SBA‑15(2), полученном методом двукратного послойного нанесения циркония на мезопористую матрицу. Активность массивных ZrO2 оказалась значительно ниже, максимальный выход ГВЛ составил 50 мол.% (190 °C, 195 мин.) для ZrO2 моноклинной модификацииTwo series of ZrO2-containing catalyst varied in textural and acidic properties were synthesized: 1) mesoporous composites on SBA‑15 (fabricated by co-precipitation and layer-by-layer deposition of Zr); 2) bulk ZrO2 (prepared by precipitation (monoclinic) and template method (inverse opals)). The catalysts were characterized by (TEM, SEM, UV and IR spectroscopy, XRF, N2 adsorption, pHpzc) and tested in levulinic acid to gamma-valerolactone conversion in a hydrogen-donor solvent – isopropanol, via hydrogen transfer by the Meerwein-Ponndorff-Werley mechanism. For ZrO2-containing catalysts based on SBA‑15, zirconium content and catalyst acidity turned out to be activity-determining properties. An increase in the catalyst acidity with a zirconium content reduction leads to a rise in the substrate conversion rate and a decrease in the GVL selectivity. The maximum GVL yield was 94 mol.% (190 °C, 120 min.) on the Zr/SBA‑15(2) catalyst fabricated by double layering of zirconia onto a mesoporous silica matrix. The activity of bulk ZrO2 turned out to be significantly lower, providing the maximum GVL yield 50 mol.% (190 °C, 195 min.) in the presence of monoclinic ZrO2