The Relationship Between Dietary Intakes and Total Kidney Volume in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Dietary Intake and Polycystic Kidney Volume

Aim: There is a need to understand autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients’ dietary habits since dietary interventions may have potential effects on ADPKD. In this study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between dietary nutrient intake and total kidney volume (TKV). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 ADPKD patients recruited from the Nephrology outpatient clinic between June and July 2014. TKV was determined by magnetic-resonance imaging and general characteristics, biochemical and urinary parameters were determined. The nutrient intakes of patients were calculated using the three-day dietary records obtained on three consecutive days. Results: The total kidney-volume median was found to be 1407 mL. Patients’ total dietary energy and protein intakes were 25.8±9.4 kcal/kg, 0.9±0.3 g/kg, respectively. The percentage of carbohydrates, protein, and fat in energy was 49±7%, 14±3%, 37±7%, respectively. The mean intakes of thiamin, riboflavin, B6, calcium, magnesium, and zinc were sufficient, the mean dietary potassium intake was insufficient; and sodium intake was excessive in both sexes. In females, there was a negative but weak correlation between dietary vitamin C intake and TKV. In males, a negative but weak correlation was found between TKV and dietary intake of fiber, water, vitamin B6, vitamin K, magnesium, and iron. Conclusions: Dietary micronutrient intake may affect TKV according to sex. © 2022, Galenos Publishing House. All rights reserved

Otozomal dominant polikistik böbrek hastalarının besin tüketimleri ile böbrek kist volümleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Otozomal dominant polikistik böbrek hastalığı (ODPKBH) insanlarda en sık görülen kalıtsal hastalıklardan biridir. Bilateral böbrek kistleri ile karakterize sistemik bir hastalıktır ve son dönem böbrek yetmezliği (SDBY) vakalarının yaklaşık %10’undan sorumludur. ODPKBH’da morbidite ve mortalitenin en önemli nedeni kardiyovasküler olaylardır ve en yaygın semptomu erken dönemde başlayan hipertansiyondur. Bu çalışma besin ögeleri alımı ile böbrek volümleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Nisan 2014 ve Temmuz 2014 tarihleri arasında İstanbul Fatih Kamu Hastaneler Birliği Genel Sekreterliği Haseki Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi nefroloji polikliniğine başvuran; aile hikayesi, klinik bulgular ve manyetik rezonans görüntüleme yöntemleri ile belirlenmiş böbrek volümü ile kesin tanısı konmuş, yaş ortalaması 48.6±11.3 yıl olan 22 erkek ve 38 kadın ODPKBH hastası üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Hastaların kişisel özellikleri, biyokimyasal ve idrar parametreleri, böbrek volümleri ve antropometrik ölçümleri değerlendirilmiştir. Hastaların enerji ve besin ögeleri alımları 3 günlük besin tüketim kayıdı ile belirlenmiştir. Hastaların ortalama eGFR 54.8±36.46ml/dk/1.73m2 olarak hesaplanmıştır ve ortalama böbrek volümü 1012±776.8ml bulunmuştur. Hastaların vücut ağırlıkları başına günlük aldıkları enerji 25.57±9.32kkal/kg ve protein 0.87±0.32g/kg olarak saptanmıştır. Hastaların diyet enerjisinin karbonhidrattan gelen yüzdesi ortalama %49±7, proteinden gelen %14±2 ve yağdan gelen %36±6 olarak bulunmuştur. Hastaların doymuş yağ alım yüzdesi %11.6±3.6 olarak bulunmuştur. Hastaların, özellikle kadın hastaların diyetle folatı günlük önerilen değerin (DRI) altında tükettikleri saptanmıştır. Hastaların ortalama kalsiyum (DRI erkelerde %70.3, kadınlarda %69.6) ve potasyum (DRI erkeklerde %65.1, kadınlarda %61.4) alımları DRI önerilerinin altında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hastaların diyet sodyum alımları DRI değerlerinin üstünde bulunmuştur (erkeklerde %186.1, kadınlarda %176). Hastalar ortanca böbrek volümü değerine göre (743 ml) karşılaştırıldığında diyetle karbonhidrat, protein ve yağ alımlarında bir fark bulunmamıştır (karbonhidrat %49.3±7.7-%49.2±6.9, protein %14.5±2.8-%13.9±2.5 ve yağ %36.3±6.7-%36.8±6.5) (p>0.05). Hastaların böbrek volümleri arttıkça kalsiyum, magnezyum, potasyum, sodyum ve çinko alımın azaldığı, fosfor ve demirin alımın ise benzer olduğu saptanmış fakat istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, hastaların yağ, doymuş yağ ve sodyum alımları yüksek; folat, kalsiyum ve potasyum alımları ise yetersiz bulunmuştur. Tüm bu besin ögeleri, ODPKBH’da mortalite ve morbiditenin en önemli sebepleri olan kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve hipertansiyonla ilişkilidirler. ODPKBH’da tıbbi beslenme tedavisi önerilerinin kısıtlılığı sebebi ile SDBY gelişimine doğru daha fazla böbrek hasarını önlemek ve hastalığın ilerleyişini yavaşlatmak için hastaların renal bir diyetisyen takibinde olması gerekmektedir. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common inherited diseases. ADPKD is a multi-systemic disease characterized by bilateral renal cysts and is responsible for about 10% of cases of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Cardiovascular problems are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with ADPKD and a common early symptom is hypertension. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between daily dietary nutrient intakes and kidney volume. The study was carried out on 22 male and 38 female patients, with a mean age of 48.6±11.3 years, who were diagnosed with ADPKD using evidence of family history, clinical symptoms and total kidney volume which was determinated by magnetic-resonanse imaging at Istanbul Fatih Public Hospital Union General Secretary Haseki Training and Research Hospital Nephrology clinic between May 2014 and July 2014. Patients’ data including personal characteristics, biochemical and urinary parameters, kidney volumes and anthropometric measurements were determined. In this study the nutrient intakes of patients were estimated by the 24-h dietary records obtained on 3 consecutive days. The mean eGFR was calculated to be 54.8±36.46 ml/dk/1.73m2 and the mean kidney volume was 1012±776.8ml. Patients total dietary energy intake was found to be 25.57±9.32kcal/kg/day and their total dietary protein intake was found to be 0.87±0.32g/kg/day. Patients’ percentage of energy from carbohydrates was determined as 49±7%, from protein was 14±2% and from total fat was 36±6%. Patients’ mean dietary saturated fat intake was found to be 11.6±3.6%. Patients’, especially women, mean dietary folat intake was much lower than the DRI (Daily Recommended Intake). Patients’ mean dietary calcium (DRI men 70.3%, women 69.6%) and potassium intakes (DRI men 65.1%, women 61.4%) were insufficient. Patients’ mean dietary sodium intake was higher than the DRI recommendation (men 186.1%, women 176%). It was found that when patients were divided in to two groups, by their median kidney volume (743 ml), there was no difference in their carbohydrates, protein and total fat intakes (carbohydrates 49.3±7.7%-49.2±6.9%, protein 14.5±2.8%- 13.9±2.5% and total fat 36.3±6.7%-36.8±6.5%) (p>0.05). Dietary calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc intakes were lower; phosphorus and iron intakes were similar in patients with higher kidney volume than the patients with smaller kidney volume but these relationships weren’t statistically important (p>0.05). As a conclusion, patients’ total fat, saturated fat and sodium intakes were higher; dietary folat, calcium and potassium intakes were inadequate. All of these nutrients related with cardiovasculer diseases and hypertension which are the most common mortality and morbidity causes of ADPKD. Due to the lack of medical diet therapy recommendations on patients with ADPKD, patients should be followed by a specialist (renal) dietitian to protect malnutrition or hypertension and to prevent furter renal injury in order to slow polycystic kidney progression to ESRD

Cambios en las preferencias alimentarias y comportamientos de compra en la nueva normalidad: un estudio transversal: Cambios en las preferencias alimentarias en la nueva normalidad

Introduction: During the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic, food preferences and consumption behaviors of consumers began to change. This study aims to examine changes in food preferences and purchasing habits in the new normal of COVID-19 after lockdown. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the anonymous online survey hosted by the forms.app was shared via social media from July to August 2021, targeting Turkish residents 18-65 years old. The questionnaire was developed based on related literature by authors. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS© Statistics for Windows, version 20.0. Results: A total of 1033 women (90.4%) and 110 men (9.6%) participated in this study, between the ages of 26-37. During the new normal period of the pandemic, 40.3% of the participants have increased online food shopping, and 44.1% of the participants decreased food shopping via the markets, greengrocers, or local markets. While sex, age, income, marital status, and chronic disease did not differ significantly in the change in online shopping (p>0.05), education level and labor status were significantly different (p<0.05). 55.6% of the participants reported that the COVID-19 pandemic affected their food choice. Purchasing of foods perceived as healthy according to participants was a lot and quite a lot as %38.7 affected by the COVID 19 pandemic. A high percentage of the participants increased their consumption of healthy foods such as foods containing vitamin C, fruits, vegetables, nuts, protein-rich foods, probiotic foods, and water consumption increased. Conclusions: The food purchasing behavior and the consumption of foods consumed have been changed in the new normal period of COVID-19.Introducción: Durante la pandemia de la nueva enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19), las preferencias alimentarias y los comportamientos de consumo de los consumidores han comenzado a cambiar. Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar los cambios en las preferencias alimentarias y los hábitos de compra en la nueva normalidad de COVID-19 después del cierre. Métodos: En este estudio transversal, la encuesta anónima en línea organizada por Forms.app se compartió a través de las redes sociales de julio a agosto de 2021 y se centró en los residentes Turcos de entre 18 y 65 años. El cuestionario fue desarrollado en base a la literatura relacionada por los autores. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando IBM SPSS© Statistics para Windows, versión 20.0. Resultados: Participaron de este estudio un total de 1033 mujeres (90,4%) y 110 hombres (9,6%), con edades entre 26 y 37 años. Durante el nuevo período normal de pandemia, el 40,3 % de los participantes aumentó las compras de alimentos en línea y el 44,1 % de los participantes disminuyó las compras de alimentos a través de los mercados, fruterías o mercados locales. El sexo, la edad, los ingresos, el estado civil y las enfermedades crónicas no difirieron significativamente en el cambio de compras en línea (p>0,05). El nivel educativo y la situación laboral fueron significativamente diferentes (p<0,05). El 55,6% de los participantes informaron que la pandemia de COVID-19 afectó su elección de alimentos. La compra de alimentos percibidos como saludables según los participantes fue mucho y bastante como 38,7% afectados por la pandemia de COVID 19. Un alto porcentaje de los participantes aumentó el consumo de alimentos saludables como alimentos que contienen vitamina C, frutas, verduras, nueces, alimentos ricos en proteínas, alimentos probióticos y aumentó el consumo de agua. Conclusiones: El comportamiento de compra de alimentos y el consumo de alimentos consumidos ha cambiado en el nuevo período normal de COVID-19

Changes in the food preferences and purchase behaviors in the new normal: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: During the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, food preferences and consumption behaviors of consumers began to change. This study aims to examine changes in food preferences and purchasing habits in the new normal of COVID-19 after lockdown. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, the anonymous online survey hosted by the forms.app was shared via social media from July to August 2021, targeting Turkish residents 18-65 years old. The questionnaire was developed based on related literature by authors. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS© Statistics for Windows, version 20.0. Results: A total of 1,033 women (90.4%) and 110 men (9.6%) participated in this study, between the ages of 26-37. During the new normal period of the pandemic, 40.3% of the participants have increased online food shopping, and 44.1% of the participants decreased food shopping via the markets, greengrocers, or local markets. While sex, age, income, marital status, and chronic disease did not differ significantly in the change in online shopping (p>0.05), education level and labor status were significantly different (p<0.05). 55.6% of the participants reported that the COVID-19 pandemic affected their food choice. Purchasing of foods perceived as healthy according to participants was a lot and quite a lot as %38.7 affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. A high percentage of the participants increased their consumption of healthy foods such as foods containing vitamin C, fruits, vegetables, nuts, protein-rich foods, probiotic foods, and water. Conclusions: The food purchasing behavior and the consumption of foods consumed have been changed in the new normal period of COVID-19.Introducción: Durante la pandemia de la nueva enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19), las preferencias alimentarias y los comportamientos de consumo de los consumidores han comenzado a cambiar. Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar los cambios en las preferencias alimentarias y los hábitos de compra en la nueva normalidad de COVID-19 después del cierre. Métodos: En este estudio transversal, la encuesta anónima en línea organizada por Forms.app se compartió a través de las redes sociales de julio a agosto de 2021 y se centró en los residentes Turcos de entre 18 y 65 años. El cuestionario fue desarrollado en base a la literatura relacionada por los autores. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando IBM SPSS© Statistics para Windows, versión 20.0. Resultados: Participaron de este estudio un total de 1033 mujeres (90,4%) y 110 hombres (9,6%), con edades entre 26 y 37 años. Durante el nuevo período normal de pandemia, el 40,3 % de los participantes aumentó las compras de alimentos en línea y el 44,1 % de los participantes disminuyó las compras de alimentos a través de los mercados, fruterías o mercados locales. El sexo, la edad, los ingresos, el estado civil y las enfermedades crónicas no difirieron significativamente en el cambio de compras en línea (p>0,05). El nivel educativo y la situación laboral fueron significativamente diferentes (p<0,05). El 55,6% de los participantes informaron que la pandemia de COVID-19 afectó su elección de alimentos. La compra de alimentos percibidos como saludables según los participantes fue mucho y bastante como 38,7% afectados por la pandemia de COVID 19. Un alto porcentaje de los participantes aumentó el consumo de alimentos saludables como alimentos que contienen vitamina C, frutas, verduras, nueces, alimentos ricos en proteínas, alimentos probióticos y aumentó el consumo de agua. Conclusiones: El comportamiento de compra de alimentos y el consumo de alimentos consumidos ha cambiado en el nuevo período normal de COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu ve Bağırsak-Akciğer Aksı

Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19), 2019 yılının Aralık ayı sonunda Çin'in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan ve şiddetli akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu koronavirüs 2’nin (SARS-CoV-2) neden olduğu bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. COVID-19'un solunum sıkıntısının yanı sıra ülseratif kolit ile birlikte gastrointestinal enfeksiyon ve diyare gibi diğer organları etkileyen bazı klasik olmayan semptomlarla ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Gastrointestinal enfeksiyon semptomları olan hastalar hastalığı çok daha şiddetli geçirmektedir ve bunun sebebinin Lactobacillus ve Bifidobacterium sayısındaki azalma ile birlikte ortaya çıkan mikrobiyal disbiyoz ile ilişkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. SARS-CoV-2 virüsünün konak organizmaya girişi, anjiyotensin dönüştürücü enzim 2 (ACE-2) hücre reseptörü aracılığı ile gerçekleşmektedir ve ACE-2 reseptörleri gastrointestinal kanalda da eksprese edilmektedir. SARS-CoV-2 virüsü COVID-19 hastalarının özefagus, mide, duodenum, rektum ve dışkı örneklerinde tespit edilmiş, bağırsak epitel hücrelerinde viral replikasyonun yüksek olduğu gösterilmiştir. Gastarointestinal sistemin sadece SARS-CoV-2’nin vücuda giriş yolu olmadığı aynı zamanda viral aktivite ve replikasyon yeri olabileceği de düşünülmektedir. Bağırsak-akciğer aksı olarak bilinen, solunum mukozası ile bağırsak mikrobiyotası arasındaki çift yönlü etkileşimlerin, SARS-CoV-2'ye karşı sağlıklı veya patolojik bağışıklık tepkilerinde yer aldığı varsayılmaktadır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotasının modülasyonuna ve eubiosis koşullarının yeniden oluşturulmasına dayalı ek tedavilerin, COVID-19'un zararlı sonuçlarını sınırlamak için önemli bir terapötik yaklaşım olabileceği varsayılmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında bağırsak akciğer ekseni ve SARS-CoV-2 virüsü enfeksiyonunda bu eksende değişen mikrobiyota ile ilgili çalışmaların sonuçları araştırılmıştır

Toplu Beslenme Sistemlerinde El Hijyeninin Önemi

Persil Özkan, Özlem (Arel Author)Besinler, üretim zincirindeki çeşitli aşamalarda kontamine olabilirler. Toplu beslenme üretimi ve servisi yapan iş yerlerinde personel hijyeninin sağlanması birçok besin kaynaklı hastalığın önlenmesinde etkili olabilmektedir. Eller ve besinle teması olabilen vücut bölgelerinin temizliği bu bakımdan oldukça önemlidir. Besinlerin eller yoluyla kontaminasyon riski çok yüksektir. Toplu beslenme yapılan kurumlarda besinlerin hazırlanması ve servisinde çalışan personelin kişisel ve mutfak hijyeni konusunda eğitimli ve bilgili olması insan sağlığının korunması ve sürdürülmesi açısından vazgeçilmezdir

The feasibility of anthropometric measurements for evaluation of abdominal obesity in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: total kidney volume (TKV) increases in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), which perturbs anthropometric measurements. Objectives: the primary objectives were to investigate the accuracy of waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) for determining abdominal obesity in patients with ADPKD by comparison with magnetic resonance images. The secondary objectives were to investigate the associations of energy/macronutrient intake with WC and WHR. Methods: sixty patients with ADPKD were recruited from a nephrology outpatient clinic in this cross-sectional study. Main outcome measures were: TKV, total subcutaneous fat (TSF), total intraperitoneal fat (TIF), WC, WHR, body mass index (BMI), skinfold thickness (SFT), and energy/ macronutrient intake. Results: mean age was 48.6 ± 11.3 years, 38 of 60 were women, median TKV was 1486 (IQR, 981-2847) mL. The patients classed as obese by the BMI had higher WC, TSF, TIF, and SFT than did non-obese; however, WHR was similar in obese and non-obese men. In the all-patients group, the WHR of obese and non-obese patients were also similar. TKV was positively correlated with WC and WHR in women, but not in men. In the multivariate analysis, TKV was an independent factor affecting WC and WHR in women. Dietary fat intake was similar in groups with and without abdominal obesity according to WC and WHR. Conclusions: in women with ADPKD, WC and WHR may not be accurate anthropometric measurements for evaluation of abdominal obesity; however, they may be associated with TKV. © 2022 SENPE y Arán Ediciones S.L

Use of Herbal Products in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

OBJECTIVE: Complementary and alternative medicine practices are perceived by patients, both in pre-dialysis and dialysis periods, to be hopeful and promising. In our study we searched herbal product (HP) use in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients before dialysis and during dialysis

The factors effective on bone mineral density in peritoneal dialysis patients Periton diyaliz hastalarında kemik dansitesini etkiliyen faktörler

Bone mineral metabolism deteriorates gradually beginning from the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). But, the KDIGO-2009 guideline could not provide high quality data regarding the biochemical tests related with bone mineral disorder in CKD. The aim of our study was to analyse the relationship between bone mineral densitometry and clinical and biochemical parameters in chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Besides the demographic parameters, routine hematological and biochemical analysis results of PD patients followed up in our clinic were recorded. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at lumbar vertebrae and femur neck using DEXA machine. The mean lumbar T- and femur T-score were -1.03±1.20 (minimum:-3.73; maximum:+1.75) and -2.49±1.20 (minimum:-4.63; maximum:-0.51), respectively. Lumbar T score was significantly higher than femur T score (p<0.0001). Eight patients had BMD within normal limits; there was osteopenia in 16 and osteoporosis in 29 patients. While there was a negative correlation between femur T-score and age (r=-0.36, p=0.026), no correlation was detected between lumbar T-score and age (r=-0.17, p=0.21). With multivariate analysis of the factors related with femur T-score; age and body mass index (BMI) were the independent determinants while gender, parathyroid hormone levels and use of active vitamin D were not effective. Age was related negatively while BMI was related positively with BMD: BMD measurement at femur is more accurate than that at lumbar vertebrae in PD patients. BMD is low in most of the PD patients; and age and BMI are the major determinative factors

Anthropometric Measurements in Hemodialysis Patients

OBJECTIVE : In malnourished patients, in anthropometric measurements such as a decrease in the body-mass index (BMI), the triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness and the mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) are often determined along with weight loss. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of chronic hemodialysis patients by taking anthropometric measurements