Gasolindegi-elektrolinera baten instalazio elektrikoaren diseinua

Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan gasolindegi-elektrolinera baten instalazio elektrikoaren diseinua burutu da Errenterian. Proiektua aurrera eramateko indarrean dauden araudiak jarraituz kalkuluak eta diseinu irizpideak gauzatu dira. Jatorri berriztagarriko energia fotovoltaikoaz baliatuz, hau da, parke fotovoltaiko bat erabiliz elektrolinerak hornitzen duen energia elektrikoaren atal bat lortzen da. Modu honetan, eguzki plaketatik eskuratutako energia elektrikoa ibilgailu elektrikoen karga puntuetara eramaten da, hauen horniketarako. Gainera, zelula fotovoltaikoen eraginkortasuna handitzeko asmoz soberan dagoen energia elektrikoa bateria banku batean gordetzen da, behar izanez gero, geroago erabiltzeko. Gasolindegiari dagokionez, arriskuak ekiditeko instalazioa osotzen duten elementu ezberdinen azterketa gauzatu da, baita arriskuen ebaluazioa eta neurri zuzentzaileak ere. Azkenean seinaleztapen plana zehaztu da. SketchUp 3D softwarearen bitartez gasolindegi-elektrolinerako 3D modelaketa egin da eta gainera GanttProject softwarea erabiliz proiektuaren planifikazio diagrama gauzatu da. Diseinu irizpideak, kalkuluak eta kokapena hautatzeko PVSYST (Photovoltaic Geographical Information System) programa erabili da. Software programa honen bitartez teknologia ezberdinentzako potentzial fotovoltaikoa, sarera konektatuta dauden sistemen konfigurazioak, eguzki erradiazioa eta tenperatura, etab. eskuratu egin dira

Gasolindegi-elektrolinera baten instalazio elektrikoaren diseinua

Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan gasolindegi-elektrolinera baten instalazio elektrikoaren diseinua burutu da Errenterian. Proiektua aurrera eramateko indarrean dauden araudiak jarraituz kalkuluak eta diseinu irizpideak gauzatu dira. Jatorri berriztagarriko energia fotovoltaikoaz baliatuz, hau da, parke fotovoltaiko bat erabiliz elektrolinerak hornitzen duen energia elektrikoaren atal bat lortzen da. Modu honetan, eguzki plaketatik eskuratutako energia elektrikoa ibilgailu elektrikoen karga puntuetara eramaten da, hauen horniketarako. Gainera, zelula fotovoltaikoen eraginkortasuna handitzeko asmoz soberan dagoen energia elektrikoa bateria banku batean gordetzen da, behar izanez gero, geroago erabiltzeko. Gasolindegiari dagokionez, arriskuak ekiditeko instalazioa osotzen duten elementu ezberdinen azterketa gauzatu da, baita arriskuen ebaluazioa eta neurri zuzentzaileak ere. Azkenean seinaleztapen plana zehaztu da. SketchUp 3D softwarearen bitartez gasolindegi-elektrolinerako 3D modelaketa egin da eta gainera GanttProject softwarea erabiliz proiektuaren planifikazio diagrama gauzatu da. Diseinu irizpideak, kalkuluak eta kokapena hautatzeko PVSYST (Photovoltaic Geographical Information System) programa erabili da. Software programa honen bitartez teknologia ezberdinentzako potentzial fotovoltaikoa, sarera konektatuta dauden sistemen konfigurazioak, eguzki erradiazioa eta tenperatura, etab. eskuratu egin dira

Mikrosare elektriko adimendun baten diseinua Leioako campusean

EUSKERA Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan mikrosare elektriko adimendun baten diseinua gauzatzen da Euskl Herriko Unibertsitateko Leioako Campusean. Horretarako beharrezkoak diren jarraibide, diseinu irizpide eta kalkuluak gauzatu dira, beti ere indarrean dagoen araudia kontutan izanda (Behe Tentsioko Erregelamendu Elektroteknikoa edota Eraikingintzaren Kode Teknikoa besteak beste). Era berean, mikrosarea osatzen duten instalazioak dagoeneko Campusean dauden egituretara moldatu behar izan da. Mikrosarearen helburua ibilgailu elektrikoen karga puntuak hornitzea da, honetarako parke fotovoltaiko batek jatorri berriztagarriko energia fotovoltaikoa ekoiztuko du. Geroago, energia hau ibilgailu elektrikoen karga puntuetara bideratuko dela. Energia hornikuntzaren fidagarritasuna bermatzeko, gehiegizko energia metatuko duen bateria banku bat instalatuko da. Energiaren fluxu hau kudeatzeaz Modbus RS485 protokoloaren bidezko komunikazio sare bat izango da. Hau eta gero, energia soberakinik egotekotan, hau autokontsumorako erabiliko da Gizarte eta Komunikazio Zientzien Fakultatearen transformazio zentroko transformadorearekin egindako konexioaren bitartez. Azkenik, HOMER Pro simulazio programaren bidezko simulazio bat gauzatu da. Bertan energia berriztagarri sorgailu mota bi (eolikoa eta fotovoltaikoa) integratzen dituen mikrosare elektriko baten diseinua eta simulazioa egin da egitura mota hauen bideragarritasun ekonomiko eta teknologikoa frogatzeko.CASTELLANO En el presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado se realiza el diseño de una microrred eléctrica inteligente en el Campus de Leioa de la Universidad del País Vasco. Para ello se han tenido en cuenta los distintos procedimientos y parámetros de diseño oportunos, así como la legislación y normativas vigentes (por ejemplo, el Reglamento Electrotécnico de Baja Tensión y el Código Técnico de la edificación). Del mismo modo, las instalaciones que integran la microrred eléctrica se han tenido que adaptar a las propias infraestructuras del Campus. La finalidad de la microrred es abastecer puntos de recarga de vehículos eléctricos aprovechando la energía generada por un parque fotovoltaico. Con el fin de garantizar el suministro ininterrumpido de la energía generada, se instalará un banco de baterías para almacenar la energía que no se utilice al momento. Llegados a esta situación, en el caso de que siguiera existiendo una situación con exceso de energía, esta será desviada para su uso en régimen de autoconsumo, abasteciendo las necesidades energéticas del Campus. La conexión con la red del Campus se realizará mediante un transformador ubicado en el centro de transformación de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación. El responsable de gestionar todo el flujo de la energía será una red de comunicaciones mediante el protocolo Modbus RS485. Por último, se ha realizado una simulación mediante el software HOMER Pro. Mediante esta simulación, se ha diseñado una microrred eléctrica que integra dos tipos de generación renovable (eólica y fotovoltaica) para demostrar la viabilidad económica y tecnológica de este tipo de estructuras.ENGLISH In this final degree project, it is carried out the design of an electric smart microgrid in the Campus of the University of the Basque Country located in Leioa. In order to achieve this, there have been taken into account different procedures, design parameters and calculations, as well as the current regulations and legislation (for example, the low voltage electrotechnical regulation and the building technical code). In the same way, the installations that integrate the electric microgrid have had been adapted to the present structures of the Campus. The main purpose of the microgrid is to supply energy to electric vehicle charge points using the renewable energy generated by a solar photovoltaic plant. Later, this energy will be conducted to the charge points. With the objective of maintaining the generated energy supply, a battery bank will be installed to gather the energy that it is not used at the moment. In this situation, if an excess energy situation occurs, it will be driven for self-consumption, in order to supply the Campus energy needs. The connection with the Campus electrical grid will be performed with a transformer located in the transformation center of the Social Sciences and Communication faculty. All the energy flow will be managed by the exchange of information between the different elements of the microgrid using the Modbus RS485 protocol. Finally, a simulation was carried out using the HOMER Pro software. By this simulation, it has been shown the technological an economic viability of an electric microgrid that integrates two different types of renewable resources (wind and solar)

The HIV/aids and current prophylactic methods

RESUMEN:El Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH), es un retrovirus que infecta a las células del sistema inmune, originando una enfermedad crónica transmisible definida como el Síndrome de la Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA). El SIDA, es la etapa final de la infección por VIH, en la que el huésped tiene elevadas posibilidades de que aparezcan en su organismo enfermedades oportunistas o procesos oncogénicos. A pesar de que esta enfermedad no tenga cura, la Terapia Antirretroviral (TAR), puede conseguir que la carga viral permanezca indetectable en el organismo, disminuyendo así el riesgo de transmisión del virus. La Profilaxis Post-Exposición (PEP) y la Profilaxis Pre-Exposición (PrEP), son dos métodos preventivos de la infección por VIH. La PEP, consiste en la administración de TAR a personas seronegativas que han estado expuestas al virus. La PrEP, se ha comenzado a implantar en algunos países recientemente, es un método que está dirigido únicamente a personas seronegativas que tienen un alto riesgo de infección por el virus y consiste en la toma de una combinación de TAR en un mismo comprimido una vez al día, que ha recibido.ABSTRACT: The human inmunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a retrovirus that infects the cells of the immune system originating a chronic disease defined as the Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The AIDS, is the final stage of HIV Infection in which the host has a high potential for opportunistic diseases or oncogenic processes to appear in his organism. Although this disease does not have a cure, antiretroviral therapy (TAR), can make the viral load remain undetectable in the body, reducing the risk of transmission os the virus. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PREP) are two preventative methods of HIV Infection. The PEP, is the administration of TAR to people that have not been infected by the virus but who have been exposed at it. The PREP, which has begun to be implemented in some countries recently, is a method that is directed only for people seronegative who have a high risk of Infection by the virus and consists in taking a combination of TAR in the same tablet once a day that has received the name of Truvada® and which should be administered before the exposure of de virus.Grado en Enfermerí

Spectral behavior of the linear polarization degree at right-angle scattering configuration for nanoparticle systems

We present a numerical study of the spectral evolution of the linear polarization degree at right-angle scattering configuration (PL(90º)) for two different particle systems: an isolated nanosphere and a nanodimer composed of two finite size spherical particles separated by a gap distance d. We shall focus on the influence of charge oscillation modes other than the dipolar on the linear polarization degree of the scattered light. The possibility of using this alternative parameter for characterizing nanoparticle systems and particle interaction is analyzed.We acknowledge financial support from USAITCA (US Army International Technology Center—Atlantic) under the project R&D1390-PH-01 and from the Ministry of Education of Spain under the project FIS2007-60158

Validation of microRNA expression profile in Oral Lichenoid Disease through cytological samples

To validate oral exfoliative cytology in the analysis of the microRNA expression profile in Oral Lichenoid Disease (OLD). The expression of 13 microRNAs identified and presented by our group in a previous study was analyzed in 26 cases, 16 diagnosed as OLD and 10 controls with no oral mucosal pathology. Cytological samples from the oral mucosa obtained using an Orcellex toothbrush were analyzed using RT-qPCR and TaqMan microRNA assays. The aberrant expression was validated for 2 microRNAs (miR-146a-5p and miR-7-1-3p) of those previously recognized in the biopsy study. This is the first time that oral exfoliative cytology is validated in a study of the alterations of the expression of microRNAs in OLD. The alteration of miR-146a and miR-7 compared to controls was validated. These microRNAs are associated with both inflammatory and carcinogenic phenomena that are involved in the etiopathogenesis of this potentially malignant oral disorder

Exploring the relationship between deficits in social cognition and neurodegenerative dementia: a systematic review

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases might affect social cognition in various ways depending on their components (theory of mind, emotional processing, attribution bias, and social perception) and the subtype of dementia they cause. This review aims to explore this difference in cognitive function among individuals with different aetiologies of dementia. Methods: The following databases were explored: MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. We selected studies examining social cognition in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases in which dementia was the primary symptom that was studied. The neurodegenerative diseases included Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. The search yielded 2,803 articles. Results: One hundred twenty-two articles were included in the present review. The summarised results indicate that people with neurodegenerative diseases indeed have deficits in social cognitive performance. Both in populations with Alzheimer's disease and in populations with frontotemporal dementia, we found that emotional processing was strongly affected. However, although theory of mind impairment could also be observed in the initial stages of frontotemporal dementia, in Alzheimer's disease it was only appreciated when performing highly complex task or in advanced stages of the disease. Conclusions: Each type of dementia has a differential profile of social cognition deterioration. This review could provide a useful reference for clinicians to improve detection and diagnosis, which would undoubtedly guarantee better interventions.FUNDING: This work was supported by a Juan de la Cierva-Formación contract (ESS) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FJC2019-042390-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and a Miguel Servet contract (RAA) from the Carlos III Health Institute (CP18/00003)

This is tomorrow

El proyecto DOMUS APERTUS, trata de desarrollar y traducir el diagnóstico de las necesidades contemporáneas de flexibilidad en el ámbito de la vivienda en una serie de dispositivos que, a modo de herramientas proyectuales, puedan ser aplicados en distintos escenarios y contextos según las necesidades concretas de proyecto y programa. En una realidad cada vez más cambiante, debemos pensar en nuevos dispositivos que ofrezcan alternativas a las ya conocidas estrategias convencionales para la definición de la vivienda destinada a la familia tipo.MencióPeer ReviewedPostprint (updated version

Water-energy-food nexus and life cycle thinking: A new approach to environmental and nutritional assessment of potato chips

The water-energy-food (WEF) nexus has become a key concept to promote the cross-sectoral coordination toward sustainable development. In particular, understanding the interdependences of these pillars, as well as addressing a life cycle perspective, is essential when evaluating food production systems. This study explores the environmental impacts and nutritional quality of potato chips, addressing life cycle thinking and a WEF nexus approach. For this purpose, the combined application of life cycle assessment (LCA) and the Nutrient-Rich Food 9.3 (NRF9.3) index was considered to identify the main environmental hotspots and advanced opportunities. The results indicated a major contribution of the cultivation stage on water use, whereas the processing accounted for most of the impacts in energy-related indicators and eutrophication potentials. Improvement opportunities reside in the joint application of drip irrigation, allowing to achieve important water savings, as well as the use of natural gas or pellets instead of diesel, which constitute cleaner energy sources. On the other hand, a poor nutritional density of potato chips became evident from the quantification of the NRF9.3, which can be significantly improved if potatoes undergo a roasted process instead of fryingThis research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the KAIROS-BIOCIR project (PID2019-104925RB) (AEO/FEDER, UE)