Dimensionamento do agronegócio do café no Brasil.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi dimensionar o agronegócio do café no Brasil, seus indicadores e os impactos econômicos das exportações, por meio da matriz de insumo-produto com enfoque produto x produto do ano de 2017. A cadeia produtiva foi dividida em insumos agropecuários, produção de café em grão, café beneficiado (indústria) e serviços. Os resultados mostraram que o agronegócio do café geraram 30,7 bilhões de reais de renda e 695 mil empregos diretos e indiretos, com médias salariais que variaram entre 5 mil (setor agrícola) e 33 mil reais (comércio e serviços). O agregado com maior participação na geração de valor foi o serviço, com 47% do produto interno bruto (PIB Café), e a produção agrícola foi responsável por 50% dos empregos. As exportações de café em grão somaram 13,6 bilhões de reais e geraram 303 mil empregos diretos e indiretos, 11 bilhões de reais de renda (PIB) e 729 milhões de reais em impostos líquidos. As exportações de café beneficiado somaram 1,5 bilhão de reais, com a geração de 25 mil empregos, 1,2 bilhão de reais de renda e 159 milhões de reais em impostos. A aproximação dos elos da cadeia tem potencial para aumentar a diferenciação de produtos, agregação de valor e geração de emprego e renda. Abstract: The objective of this study was to measure the coffee agribusiness in Brazil, its indicators, and the economic impacts of exports, using the input-product matrix with a product x product focus for the year 2017. The production chain was divided into agricultural inputs, production of coffee beans, processed coffee (industry), and services. The results showed that the agribusiness of coffee generated 30.7 billion reais of income and 695 thousand direct and indirect jobs, with average wages that varied between 5,000 (agricultural sector) and 33 thousand reais (trade and services). The service sector was the aggregate with the largest share in the generation of value, with 47% of the gross domestic product (GDP Coffee), and the agricultural production was responsible for 50% jobs. Exports of coffee beans totaled 13.6 billion reais and generated 303 thousand direct and indirect jobs, 11 billion reais in income (GDP), and 729 million reais in net taxes. Exports of processed coffee totaled 1.5 billion reais with the generation of 25 thousand jobs, 1.2 billion reais of income, and 159 million reais of taxes. The approximation of the links in the chain has the potential to increase the product differentiation, adding value, and to generate jobs and income.Título em inglês: Measuring the coffee agribusiness in Brazil

Análise exploratória de dados espaciais da produção de café no estado do Paraná, 1980-2018.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a análise exploratória dos dados espaciais (Aede) da produção de café dos municípios do estado do Paraná, no período 1980-2018. A fonte dos dados foi o Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (Ipardes). Nesse período, a produtividade da cultura do café no estado do Paraná aumentou de cerca de 900 para 1.500 kg ha-1, com tendência de crescimento de 16,48 kg ha-1 por ano. A introdução de novas tecnologias na década de 1990 propiciou menor risco aos produtores, e o aumento da produtividade implicou a redução do custo médio da saca de café e o aumento da competitividade. No período de análise, ocorreu o deslocamento da maior parte da área colhida e da produção para as Mesorregiões Norte Pioneiro e Norte Central, que passaram a concentrar a produção e os municípios mais produtivos. Verificou-se uma autocorrelação espacial da produtividade dos municípios, e identificaram-se agrupamentos espaciais Alto-Alto dos municípios localizados, principalmente, nas Mesorregiões Norte Pioneiro e Norte Central do estado do Paraná, no ano de 2018. Abstract: The objective of this study was to carry out an exploratory analysis of spatial data (AEDE) for coffee production in municipalities of Paraná state, Brazil, in the period 1980-2018. The data source was the Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (Ipardes). In that period, the productivity of the coffee culture in Parana state increased from about 900 to 1,500 kg ha-1, with a growth trend of 16.48 kg ha-1 per year. The introduction of new technologies in the 1990 decade provided less risk to producers, and the increase of productivity implied the reduction of the average cost of coffee bag and the increase of competitiveness. In the period analysed, most of the harvested area and production moved to the Mesoregions Norte Pioneiro and Norte Central, which started to concentrate the production and more productive municipalities. A spatial autocorrelation was found for the municipalities? productivity, and Alto-Alto spatial clusters were identified for the municipalities located mainly in the Paraná state Mesoregions North Pioneiro and Central North, in 2018.Título em inglês: Exploratory analysis of spatial data of the coffee production in Paraná state, 1980-2018

Aspetti terapeutici della displasia ectodermica

Objectives Ectodermal dysplasia is a congenital disorder deriving from an altered interaction between ectoderm and mesoderm. One of the most involved areas is the oral one. The aim of our work is to present a review of the international literature to describe etiology, manifestation and therapeutic aspects of ectodermal dysplasia. Materials and methods A review of the international literature has been made on MedLine database (www.ncbi.nim.nih. gov/pubmed). Key words used were: "ectodermal dysplasia and therapy", "ectodermal dysplasia and orthodontics", "ectodermal dysplasia and diagnosis". Among the found articles were considered those dealing with the general characteristics of the ectodermal dysplasia and the specific surgical-orthodontic treatment. Results In the international literature there are many studies describing this syndrome considering its etiology, classifications, epidemiology, clini-cal symptoms, diagnosis and therapeutic options depending on the time of the diagnosis. Being a genetic disorder, each kind of treatment is not be decisive, but only palliative in orderto improve patients' quality of life. Conclusions Ectodermal dysplasia should be early treated in a multidi-sciplinary way, mainly in the oral and maxillofacial areas, in order to restore aesthetic, function and the stomathognatic multifunctions

Bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid process in pediatric patients

Objectives: To present an international literature review on the coronoid hyperplasia in pediatric patients, describing the etiology, the diagnosis and the therapeutic options. Materials and methods: A systematic revision of the international literature has been done on Medline database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed). Keywords chosen were: "bilateral coronoid hyperplasia", "coronoid process", "temporomandibular joint ankylosis", "coronoid hyperplasia and treatment", "pediatric patients". Results: Among the pathogenetic factors, there are: temporalis muscle hyperactivity, genetic inheritance, hormonal stimulus, temporomandibular joint dysfunctions, traumas and persistent coronoid cartilage growth centre. The main symptoms are: mandibular hypomobility, alterations in protrusion and in lateral mandibular movements and muscular dystonia. Orthopantomography, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are the diagnostic gold standards. The most widely surgical treatment used is coronoidectomy. Conclusions: On the scientific evidences present in literature it's possible to conclude that, being coronoid hyperplasia a frequent pediatric condition, an early diagnosis is important to restore stomatognathic multifunctions as soon as possible

Espansione rapida del palato: valutazioni elettromiografiche ed elettrognatografiche = Rapid palatal expansion: electromyographic and electrognatographic evaluations

Obiettivi L\u2019obiettivo di questo lavoro consiste nell\u2019analizzare i dati elettromiografici ed elettrognatografici relativi a 10 pazienti in trattamento con espansione rapida palatale, prima e dopo l\u2019espansione, per accertare se sia presente una correlazione tra i dati. Materiali e metodi Il campione \ue8 costituito da 10 pazienti (6 femmine e 4 maschi, di et\ue0 compresa tra 9 e 13 anni), affetti da ipoplasia trasversa bilaterale del mascellare e sottoposti a esame elettromiografico ed elettrognatografico prima e dopo espansione palatale rapida. Risultati Dall\u2019analisi dei dati raccolti si nota un incremento dell\u2019attivit\ue0 muscolare dei muscoli masticatori (massetere destro e sinistro e temporale anteriore destro e sinistro) sia nella posizione di riposo sia durante gli esercizi eseguiti nelle varie acquisizioni, alla fine della fase attiva dell\u2019espansione rapida del palato. Conclusioni Dopo l\u2019espansione rapida palatale l\u2019attivit\ue0 muscolare aumenta: l\u2019espansione, pur non agendo direttamente sui muscoli masticatori, comporta significative modificazioni del tono muscolare.Objectives. The aim of this study is to analyze the electromyographic and electrognatographic results deriving from 10 patients subjected to rapid palatal expansion, before and after the expansion, and to find out a relationship between the results. Materials and methods. The sample consisted of 10 children (6 females and 4 males; range: 9-13 years) with bilateral maxillary hypoplasia, and subjected to an electromyographic and electrognatographic exam before and after rapid palatal expansion. Results. By analyzing the results, it is possible to observe an increased electrical activity of the masticatory muscles (right and left masseter, right and left anterior temporalis) both in rest position and during the exercises of the different acquisitions, at the end of the active phase of the rapid palatal expansion. Conclusions. After the rapid palatal expansion the muscular activity increases: the expansion, though it does not act directly on the masticatory muscles, produces important changes in the muscular tone

[Intramammary use of antibiotics in dairy farms in the canton of Ticino before, during and after Staphylococcus aureus genotype B elimination].

INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of intramammary antibiotics before, during and after the elimination of Staphylococcus aureus genotype B (SAGTB). Data on intramammary antibiotic use was collected in 65 dairy farms as part of a pilot project for SAGTB elimination in the canton of Ticino from 2017 to 2019. The investigated farms were divided into 46 affected farms (with at least one SAGTB-positive animal) and 19 control farms (SAGTB-free farms). Data on antibiotic use were requested from veterinarians and treatment incidence, as a measure of antibiotic use, was calculated based on medical records and veterinary prescriptions. In addition, the treatment incidence was calculated for 47 farms during alpine farming period. In 2018 (elimination year), the mean incidence of treatment during lactation in the SAGTB-positive farms was significantly higher than in the control farms (p=0,003). In 2019 no significantly lower antibiotic use during lactation or dry period was detected between 2017 (before elimination) and 2019 (after elimination). Alpine farming places where only S. aureus genotype B-negative animals had access to had a significantly lower antibiotic use during lactation (p=0,004). The new federal database (Antibiotics Information System in Veterinary Medicine, IS ABV) should allow continuous monitoring and to confirm the reduction of antibiotic use in the coming years

Grammatical comprehension in italian children with autism spectrum disorder

Language deficits represent one of the most relevant factors that determine the clinical phenotype of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The main aim of the research was to study the grammatical comprehension of children with ASD. A sample of 70 well-diagnosed children (60 boys and 10 girls; aged 4.9–8 years) were prospectively recruited. The results showed that language comprehension is the most impaired language domain in ASD. These findings have important clinical implications, since the persistence of grammatical receptive deficits may have a negative impact on social, adaptive and learning achievements. As for the grammatical profiles, persistent difficulties were found during the school-age years in morphological and syntactic decoding in children with relatively preserved cognitive and expressive language skills. These data and the lack of a statistically significant correlation between the severity of ASD symptoms and language skills are in line with the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) perspective that considers the socio-communication disorder as a nuclear feature of ASD and the language disorder as a specifier of the diagnosis and not as a secondary symptom anymore. The presence of receptive difficulties in school-age ASD children with relatively preserved non-verbal cognitive abilities provides important hints to establish rehabilitative treatments

Cumulative Burden of Morbidity Among Testicular Cancer Survivors After Standard Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy: A Multi-Institutional Study

Purpose In this multicenter study, we evaluated the cumulative burden of morbidity (CBM) among > 1,200 testicular cancer survivors and applied factor analysis to determine the co-occurrence of adverse health outcomes (AHOs). Patients and Methods Participants were ≤ 55 years of age at diagnosis, finished first-line chemotherapy ≥ 1 year previously, completed a comprehensive questionnaire, and underwent physical examination. Treatment data were abstracted from medical records. A CBM score encompassed the number and severity of AHOs, with ordinal logistic regression used to assess associations with exposures. Nonlinear factor analysis and the nonparametric dimensionality evaluation to enumerate contributing traits procedure determined which AHOs co-occurred. Results Among 1,214 participants, approximately 20% had a high (15%) or very high/severe (4.1%) CBM score, whereas approximately 80% scored medium (30%) or low/very low (47%). Increased risks of higher scores were associated with four cycles of either ifosfamide, etoposide, and cisplatin (odds ratio [OR], 1.96; 95% CI, 1.04 to 3.71) or bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.98), older attained age (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.26), current disability leave (OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.57 to 7.95), less than a college education (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.87), and current or former smoking (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.63). CBM score did not differ after either chemotherapy regimen ( P = .36). Asian race (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.72) and vigorous exercise (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.89) were protective. Variable clustering analyses identified six significant AHO clusters (χ2 P < .001): hearing loss/damage, tinnitus (OR, 16.3); hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes (OR, 9.8); neuropathy, pain, Raynaud phenomenon (OR, 5.5); cardiovascular and related conditions (OR, 5.0); thyroid disease, erectile dysfunction (OR, 4.2); and depression/anxiety, hypogonadism (OR, 2.8). Conclusion Factors associated with higher CBM may identify testicular cancer survivors in need of closer monitoring. If confirmed, identified AHO clusters could guide the development of survivorship care strategies

Interações sinérgicas e transbordamento do efeito multiplicador de produção das grandes regiões do Brasil

The objective of this paper is to estimate and analyze the level of synergetic interactions and overflow of production multiplier effect of the sectors between the five regions (South, Southwest, Center west, North and Northwest) and the Rest of Brazil, using estimated input-output inter-regional systems in the year 1999. The results are: a) the output of North Region is the most dependent of commerce between this and the Rest of Brazil (29%) follow by the Northwest Region (25%), Center West (24%) and South (16%); b) the Region Southwest is the less dependent of sells to the Rest of Brazil, those represented 11%; c) 13% of the Rest of Brazil�s output depended of the commerce of input (goods and services) between this and the Southwest Region, this is the biggest value between the Brazil Regions; d) in the period between 1995/99, the dependency of the Regions South, Southwest and Center West of the Rest of Brazil decreased, while the commerce between the Regions North and Northwest with the Rest of Brazil increased, e) the biggest overflow effect occurs in the sectors of Regions Center West (22% average) and North (average 19%); and f) the overflow effect of the Rest of Brazil to the Region Southwest was the biggest value, 10