27 research outputs found
Sobre Gastrotheca Fissipes (Boulenger, 1888), com a Descrição de uma Nova Espécie (Amphibia, Anura, Amphignathodontidae)
The study of samples of Gastrotheca from the states of Pernambuco, Bahia, and EspĂrito Santo, Brazil, showed two distinct species currently treated in the literature as Gastrotheca fissipes. Both are large-sized species, with a casqued co-ossified skull, webbing absent in hands and very reduced in feet, morphological characters do not seen in other Brazilian species of Gastrotheca. Nototrema fissipes Boulenger, 1888, was described and figured on basis of only one female collected at Iguarasse (= IgarassĂș), in the State of Pernambuco; in more recent years, other samples of a Gastrotheca with a broad, casqued, co-ossified skull, were obtained at southern State of Bahia and State of EspĂrito Santo and referred in literature erroneously as G. fissipes. In this paper, data are given on additional samples of G. fissipes also collected in Pernambuco and the frogs obtained at Espirito Santo and southern Bahia are described as a new species. The two species differ by the head width, posterior edge of casque, and dorsal and lateral color patterns.O estudo de exemplares de Gastrotheca procedentes dos estados de Pernambuco, Bahia e EspĂrito Santo, Brasil, mostrou que duas espĂ©cies distintas estĂŁo incluĂdas na literatura como Gastrotheca fissipes. Trata-se de formas grandes possuidoras de co-ossificação craniana como um capacete e membranas ausentes nas mĂŁos e muito reduzidas nos pĂ©s, caracterĂsticas nĂŁo observadas nas demais espĂ©cies brasileiras. Nototrema fissipes Boulenger, 1888 foi descrita e figurada com base em uma Ășnica fĂȘmea colecionada em Iguarasse (=IgarassĂș), no Estado de Pernambuco. Em anos mais recentes, outros exemplares de Gastrotheca tambĂ©m com carapaça craniana foram encontrados no sul do Estado da Bahia e no Estado do EspĂrito Santo e equivocadamente referidos na literatura como sendo G. fissipes. Neste trabalho sĂŁo apresentados dados sobre exemplares adicionais de G. fissipes obtidos tambĂ©m em Pernambuco e Ă© descrita a forma representada pelos exemplares obtidos no Estado do EspĂrito Santo e no Sul do Estado da Bahia como uma espĂ©cie nova. As duas espĂ©cies diferem pela largura da cabeça, forma do bordo posterior do capacete e pelos padrĂ”es de colorido dorsal e lateral
The review of the Brazilian Forest Act: harmful effects on amphibian conservation
In the last months there is a growing discussion in Brazil about a new Brazilian Forest Act (CĂłdigo Florestal). This new proposal, in substitution to the current Act, includes modifications which will affect negatively natural populations of amphibians. Besides the deleterious impacts upon amphibians, it will also harm the national and international human populations. Among the possible effects, in consequence of the associate amphibian population declines or complete loss, we cite the increase of agricultural production costs, loss of primary sources of compounds for the medical industry, generalized ecological disequilibrium, eutrofication of water bodies, increase in the costs of water (for humans) treatment, increase of agricultural plagues, and increase of insect borne diseases. All these effects are of high relevance, even more if we consider the population declines of amphibians, the most threatened terrestrial vertebrate group in the world. Therefore, we propose that if a new Forest Act must be prepared, that it should be based, besides in unlikely immediate economical benefits to farm owners, in scientific knowledge which benefits nature conservancy, economy, health, and human welfare.Nos Ășltimos meses estĂĄ em efervescente discussĂŁo uma proposta para que um novo cĂłdigo florestal (Projeto de Lei nÂș 1876/99) substitua o vigente instaurado por meio da Lei Federal nÂș 4771/65 e modificado recentemente por Medidas ProvisĂłrias. Este novo cĂłdigo proposto, todavia, propĂ”e alteraçÔes legais que devem afetar negativamente as populaçÔes naturais de anfĂbios do Brasil. O declĂnio de anfĂbios deve gerar impactos negativos tanto para a população (humana) nacional, como para a comunidade internacional. Entre os possĂveis efeitos dessa lei, em consequĂȘncia da perda de diversidade de anfĂbios, podemos citar o aumento nos custos de produção agrĂcola, perda de matĂ©ria prima para produção de remĂ©dios, descontrole ecolĂłgico, eutrofização de corpos d'ĂĄgua, encarecimento do custo do tratamento de ĂĄgua para abastecimento humano, aumento de pragas agrĂcolas e aumento de doenças transmitidas por insetos vetores. Isto tudo Ă© bastante preocupante ainda mais se levarmos em conta a prĂłpria perda da biodiversidade de anfĂbios, o grupo de vertebrados terrestres mais ameaçado do planeta. Sendo assim, ressaltamos a necessidade de que, caso um novo cĂłdigo florestal seja elaborado, este tenha embasamento tambĂ©m em questĂ”es tĂ©cnicas e cientĂficas que impreterivelmente afetam, nĂŁo sĂł a conservação da natureza, mas tambĂ©m a economia, saĂșde e bem estar das populaçÔes humanas.3538Fundação de Amparo Ă Pesquisa do Estado de SĂŁo Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientĂfico e TecnolĂłgico (CNPq
Girinos de espĂ©cies do gĂȘnero Ololygon pertencentes ao grupo "Catharinae" no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae)
The study of morphology and habits of tadpoles and of the reprodutive behaviour of six species of the âcatharinaeâ group of the genus Ololygon in the State of Rio de Janeiro, viz: albicans, argyneornata, flavoguttata, humilis, obtriangulata and trapicheiroi demonstrated that they are all full species. Four subgroups are identified: âargyreornataâ, including argyneornata and humilis, âtrapicheiroiâ including albicans trapicheiroi, âflavoguttataâ including only flavoguttata, and âobtriangulataâ. Some aspects of morphology, such as the size of the nostrils and of the spiracle opening as well as the number of labial papilae are confronted with the features of the water in which the tadpoles live, respectively. All the tadpoles studied here live in the bottom of clear and cool water, inside the forests or in their border.O estudo da morfologia e dos hĂĄbitos das larvas e do comportamento reprodutivo de seis espĂ©cies do gĂȘnero Ololygon pertencentes ao grupo âcatharinaeâ no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, como sejam albicans, argyneornata, flavoguttata, humilis, obtriangulata e trapicheiroi, demonstrou que elas constituem espĂ©cies plenas. Quatro subgrupos podem ser reconhecidos: âargyreornataâ incluindo argyneornata e humilis, âtrapicheiroiâ incluindo albicans trapicheiroi, âflavoguttataâ incluindo apenas flavoguttata, e âobtriangulataâ com apenas obtriangulata. Aspectos da morfologia, como sejam o tamanho das narinas e do espirĂĄculo, assim como a quantidade de papilas na margem da boca, sĂŁo confrontados com as caracterĂsticas das coleçÔes de ĂĄgua em que vivem as larvas, respectivamente. As larvas de todas as espĂ©cies envolvidas vivem no fundo de ĂĄguas lĂmpidas e frias nas matas ou em seu bordo
Calls of Boana latistriata (Caramaschi & Cruz, 2004) (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae), an endemic tree frog from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Bioacoustical data are useful for studying amphibians, especially their conservation, taxonomy, and evolution, among others. Of the 12 species of the Boana polytaenia clade, only B. buriti and B. latistriata have no published information about their advertisement calls. We recorded four males of B. latistriata in its type locality at Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, south-eastern Brazil. We used a Roland R26 digital recorder with a Sennheiser ME-67 microphone and analysed the recordings using the Raven Pro 1.5 software. We recorded two different types of calls (call A and call B). Both were composed of one pulsed note and presented a slightly ascending-descending frequency modulation. Call A was more frequent, having durations between 0.042 and 0.093 s with the dominant frequency ranging from 3375.0 to 3937.5 Hz, and was composed of 11 to 21 pulses separated by intervals that were not fully silent. Call B had durations between 0.711 and 1.610 s, with dominant frequency from 3281.2 to 3750.0 Hz, and was composed of 11 to 29 pulses separated by fully silent intervals. Among the B. polytaenia clade, the calls of B. latistriata are more similar to those of B. bandeirantes, B. beckeri, B. polytaenia, and B. aff. beckeri. The calls of B. latistriata differ from these species in its lower dominant frequency. Boana latistriata present a short, single-note call with a lower pulse period (call A) and a long call with higher pulse period (call B), which differ from the other species of the clade. The coefficients of variation for the various bioacoustical attributes were calculated within- and between-males and these have been discussed. We also report a fight event between two males of B. latistriata. This is the first report of a fight in members of the B. polytaenia clade