Tecniche avanzate di usabilità nella progettazione e prototipazione di un sito governativo conforme al piano e-Europe 2005.

L’organizzazione in capitoli della tesi segue le diverse fasi del progetto, e concettualmente può essere suddivisa in due parti principali. La Prima parte, comprendente i Capitoli 1 e 2, consiste sostanzialmente in un’introduzione al concetto di Usabilità nelle applicazioni Web e le sue conseguenze nel mondo delle Amministrazioni Pubbliche. In particolare questi due capitoli forniscono un quadro generale della situazione italiana dei siti governativi, e mettono in evidenza i problemi che dovrebbero essere risolti per venire incontro alle esigenze degli utenti. E’ da qui che nascono le motivazioni reali che hanno portato allo sviluppo del progetto EasyGov, la cui progettazione è ampiamente discussa nei capitoli successivi. La Seconda parte della tesi comprende i capitoli dal 3 al 7 e in questi si discutono le varie fasi del processo di sviluppo del progetto. Nel capitolo 3 abbiamo una descrizione dettagliata di EasyGov, con uno studio di fattibilità che valuta anche ciò che offre il mercato sull’argomento e delimita lo spazio in cui si pone il nostro progetto. Il capitolo 4 si dedica all’analisi e la specifica dei requisiti, soffermandosi maggiormente sugli aspetti legati alla realizzazione del sito Web in conformità alle linee guida sull’Usabilità e Accessibilità. Il processo di sviluppo che abbiamo seguito nella realizzazione di EasyGov prevede una fase di prototipazione, con la quale è stato possibile mostrare concretamente gli aspetti fondamentali dell’Usabilità nei siti Web. I Capitoli 5 e 6 sono totalmente dedicati a questa parte del progetto ed in particolare, nel primo si mostrano delle versioni provvisorie del prototipo, che in seguito sono state testate su un campione esemplare di utenti del sito. Utilizzando i risultati dei test così eseguiti si è giunti alla versione ultima del prototipo, ampiamente descritta nel Capitolo 6. La tesi si conclude con il Capitolo 7, nel quale si discutono i possibili sviluppi futuri di EasyGov

The Causes and Effects of Delay of Building Construction in Ethiopia, Southern Nation Nationalities of People Region in Gurage Zone (Case of Wolkite Town)

Construction projects are successful, when it is completed on schedule with in the agreed budget, expected quality level according to the specification otherwise it leads to so many problem. More than 70% of projects fail or are challenged to achieve their planned objective (Standish Group, 2015).This study identifies the cause and effect of delay of building construction in Sothern nation nationality of people state in case of Gurage zone. The study was conducted by using mixed (quantitative and qualitative) methods of research and a 1 to 5 likert scale questionnaire survey together with focus group were used. A total of 35(thirty-five) questionnaire were distributed and collected from clients, contractors and consultants and two focus group discussion were held to identify the cause and effects of delay factor. The questionnaire were analysed and calculated in degree of severity, frequency of occurrence and importance index. The analysis result showed that the top 10 (ten) causes of delay of BCP in importance index (II%) were economic condition (inflation, currency and LC), fluctuation in price of material, time overrun of the project, slow decision making, improper planning, lack of finance to fund the project completion, preparing incomplete bill of quantity, delay in approval of payment, shortage of material, and change in drawing and design respectively. The top five  effect of delay of BCP in importance index were increase in financial cost of project (budget overrun), time overrun of the project, poor quality of completed project, abandonment of building projects, and wastage and underutilization of human resources and materials. Keywords: Building construction, Economic condition, Delay causes, Effects of delay, time overrun. DOI: 10.7176/CER/12-1-02 Publication date: January 31st 202

Hybridization of multi-objective deterministic particle swarm with derivative-free local searches

The paper presents a multi-objective derivative-free and deterministic global/local hybrid algorithm for the efficient and effective solution of simulation-based design optimization (SBDO) problems. The objective is to show how the hybridization of two multi-objective derivative-free global and local algorithms achieves better performance than the separate use of the two algorithms in solving specific SBDO problems for hull-form design. The proposed method belongs to the class of memetic algorithms, where the global exploration capability of multi-objective deterministic particle swarm optimization is enriched by exploiting the local search accuracy of a derivative-free multi-objective line-search method. To the authors best knowledge, studies are still limited on memetic, multi-objective, deterministic, derivative-free, and evolutionary algorithms for an effective and efficient solution of SBDO for hull-form design. The proposed formulation manages global and local searches based on the hypervolume metric. The hybridization scheme uses two parameters to control the local search activation and the number of function calls used by the local algorithm. The most promising values of these parameters were identified using forty analytical tests representative of the SBDO problem of interest. The resulting hybrid algorithm was finally applied to two SBDO problems for hull-form design. For both analytical tests and SBDO problems, the hybrid method achieves better performance than its global and local counterparts

Penerapan Manajemen Risiko Kebakaran di Area Produksi PT Wilmar Bioenergi Indonesia Kawasan Industri Dumai– Pelintung Tahun 2015

Fire is an incident that is undesirable and should be considered in any kind of industrial production activity. PT Wilmar Bioenergi Indonesia Kawasan Industri Dumai- Pelintung is a company which is the field RPO (Refined Palm Oil) become biodiesel processed has a risk of fire and the explosion which require a fire risk management. The purpose of this study to determine the implementation of fire risk management at biodiesel production area. The research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. Informan in this study consist one informant from Top management, one informant from Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) Department, one informant from Electric and Instrument (E & I) Department, and one informant from Biodiesel Production Department. Method of collecting informations is through interviews, observation and document review, then will be analyzed with conten analysis method and the data are presented in narrative form. The result showed management polices committed to creating a healthy working environment and disseminated to all employees through simulated fires. The company has also set rules to control the source of fire and flammable material. Education and training has been given to employees regularly 2 up to 3 times a year. Installation of fire protection systems according to International standards National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and routine inspection once per- month. The investigation and reporting of fire have existed and documented on the EHS's department and in 2013 the audit done internally. It is recommended that the implementation of fire prevention and control to be maintained and improved both concerning human resources and facilities which contribute to implementation of risk management, held fire risk appraisal and improving surveillance towards any kind of fire risks

Are random coefficients needed in particle swarm optimization for simulation-based ship design?

Simulation-based design optimization (SBDO) methods integrate computer simu- lations, design modification tools, and optimization algorithms. In hydrodynamic applications, often objective functions are computationally expensive and likely noisy, their derivatives are not directly provided, and the existence of local minima cannot be excluded a priori, which motivates the use of derivative-free global optimization algorithms. This type of algorithms (such as Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO) usually follow a stochastic formulation, requiring computationally expensive numerical experiments in order to provide statistically significant re- sults. The objective of the present work is to investigate the effects of using (versus suppressing) random coefficients in PSO for ship hydrodynamics SBDO. A comparison is shown of 1,000 random PSO to deterministic PSO (DPSO) using 12 well-known scalable test problems, with dimensionality ranging from two to fifty. A total of 588 test functions is considered and more than 500,000 optimization runs are performed and evaluated. The results are discussed based on the probability of success of random PSO versus DPSO. Finally, a comparison of random PSO to DPSO is shown for the hull-form optimization of the DTMB 5415 model. In summary, test functions show the robustness of DPSO, which outperforms random PSO with odds of 30/1 for low-dimensional problems (indicatively N ≤ 30) and 5/1 for high-dimensional problems (N > 30). The hull-form SBDO (N = 11) shows how DPSO outperforms PSO with odds of 20/1. The use of DPSO in the SBDO context is therefore advised, especially if computationally expensive analyses are involved in the optimization

The recycling of OMC's carbon reinforcement by solvolysing thermoset matrix. A way of sustainability for composites.

Originally developed for high-tech applications, carbon fibre/thermoset matrix composites have been increasingly used in leisure and sports industries, for several years. But the carbon reinforcement is the most expensive constituent, and also the most environmentally impacting in the elaboration of a composite part. To this day, no end-of-life solution or recycling process efficiently exists. This paper aims at demonstrating that recovering the carbon reinforcement is possible, technically and economically speaking. Moreover, it is particularly the basis for a life cycle analysis that assesses benefits and environmental challenges of this recycling loop based on the reinforcement recovery by a solvolysis of the organic matrix. Lastly, the lack of data to consider the better end-of-life option (reuse, recycling, energy recovery and material valorisation) will be underlined

Design-space assessment and dimensionality reduction: An off-line method for shape reparameterization in simulation-based optimization

A method based on the Karhunen–Loève expansion (KLE) is formulated for the assessment of arbitrary design spaces in shape optimization, assessing the shape modification variability and providing the definition of a reduced-dimensionality global model of the shape modification vector. The method is based on the concept of geometric variance and does not require design-performance analyses. Specifically, the KLE is applied to the continuous shape modification vector, requiring the solution of a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. Once the equation is discretized, the problem reduces to the principal component analysis (PCA) of discrete geometrical data. The objective of the present work is to demonstrate how this method can be used to (a) assess different design spaces and shape parameterization methods before optimization is performed and without the need of running simulations for the performance prediction, and (b) reduce the dimensionality of the design space, providing a shape reparameterization using KLE/PCA eigenvalues and eigenmodes. A demonstration for the hull-form optimization of the DTMB 5415 model in calm water is shown, where three design spaces are investigated, namely provided by free-form deformation, radial basis functions, and global modification functions

A Non-Targeted High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Study for Extra Virgin Olive Oil Adulteration with Soft Refined Oils: Preliminary Findings from Two Different Laboratories

This work presents a non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry inter-laboratory study for the detection of new chemical markers responsible of soft refined oils addition to extra virgin olive oils. Refined oils (soft deodorized and soft deacidified) were prepared on a laboratory scale starting from low-quality olive oils and analyzed together with a set of pure extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) samples and with mixtures of adulterated and pure EVOO at different percentages. The same analytical workflow was applied in two different laboratories equipped with two types of instrumentation (Q-Orbitrap and Q-TOF); a group of discriminant molecules was selected, and a tentative identification of compounds was also proposed. In summary, 12 molecules were identified as markers of this specific adulteration, and seven of them were selected as discriminative in both the laboratories, with a similar trend throughout the samples (i.e., propylene glycol 1 stearate). The results obtained in the two laboratories are comparable, concretely demonstrating the inter-laboratory repeatability of non-targeted studies. As a confirmation, the same markers were detected also in "in-house"mixtures and in suspect commercial deodorized mixtures, reinforcing the robustness of the results obtained and proving that, thanks to these molecules, mixtures containing at least 40% of adulterated oils can be detected

A multi-objective DIRECT algorithm for ship hull optimization

The paper is concerned with black-box nonlinear constrained multi-objective optimization problems. Our interest is the definition of a multi-objective deterministic partition-based algorithm. The main target of the proposed algorithm is the solution of a real ship hull optimization problem. To this purpose and in pursuit of an efficient method, we develop an hybrid algorithm by coupling a multi-objective DIRECT-type algorithm with an efficient derivative-free local algorithm. The results obtained on a set of “hard” nonlinear constrained multi-objective test problems show viability of the proposed approach. Results on a hull-form optimization of a high-speed catamaran (sailing in head waves in the North Pacific Ocean) are also presented. In order to consider a real ocean environment, stochastic sea state and speed are taken into account. The problem is formulated as a multi-objective optimization aimed at (i) the reduction of the expected value of the mean total resistance in irregular head waves, at variable speed and (ii) the increase of the ship operability, with respect to a set of motion-related constraints. We show that the hybrid method performs well also on this industrial problem